Objective: To study protective effect of taurine on gut barrier after hemorrhagic shock-reperfusion. Method: Twenty-four white rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups: taurine group (A),shock group (B), control group (C). Result: Malondialdehyde and Ca~(2+) contents of intestinal mucosa remained unchanged in group A, but increased significantly in group B, Incidence of bacterial translocation in B group was markedly higher than that in C group at 30 min following reperfusion. Under light and electronic microscope,in comparsion with A and C groups,intestinl mucosa damage in B group became more severe. Conclusion: Taurine can protect gut barrier from intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury induced by hemorrhagic shock through reducing oxide free radical and preventing calcium overload.

Objective To analysis the effect of high dose metformin on serum HE4, LPA and regulatory T cells in patients with ovarian cancer.Methods 80 cases of unilateral ovarian cancer patients were given surgery and conventional chemotherapy ,were divided into four groups according to single metformin dose: (group A:0.25g each time, B group:0.25g each time, group C:0.25g each time; group D: conventional treatment only) and three times a day oral administration of metformin and two weeks in a row , before and after the treatment of detection each serum HE4, LPA, transformation growth factor beta 1 (TGF -beta 1), interleukin -10 (IL-10) content, and CD4 +CD25 +CD127 regulating T cell percentage.ResuIts Compared with B, C, and D group, the efficacy of patients in group A was better, as follows: Serum HE4 content decreased significantly ( P<0.05 ); serum LPA content decreased significantly ( P<0.05 ); blood CD4 +CD25 +CD127 regulatory T cell percentage decreased significantly ( P<0.05 ); serum TGF beta 1, IL-10 content decreased significantly ( P<0.05 ) .The results were statistically significant .ConcIusion High dose of metformin can reduce serum HE4 , LPA content, reduce the adjusting the percentage of T cells and related cytokines in patients with ovarian cancer , and play a positive role in inhibit cancer cell proliferation and invasion .

Objective To investigate the distribution of interstitial Cajal-like cells(ICLC) in ampulla and the myoelectric activities of the sphincter of Oddi(SO) of adult guinea-pigs.Methods C-Kit immunohistochemical staining was carried out on whole-mount preparations of guinea-pigs' ampulla region.The myoelectric activities of SO were recorded by using the contact electrode on mucosa.Result C-Kit-positive ICLC were observed in both exterior and inner wall of ampulla.Some of these cells were distributed in the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle cell(SMC) layers assuming a spindle-like shape.Another sub-group of ICLC,which were located between the longitudinal and circular SMC layers,were shown to have oval or triangle cell bodies with projection of more than three long processes.These cells interlaced into a cellular network,closely resembling the interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs),around the myenteric nervous plexus(ICC-MY) in the duodenum.At the inner side of circular SMC layer of the exterior wall,ICLC were similar to ICCs associated with the deep muscular plexus(ICC-DMP) of small intestine.In the inner wall of the ampulla,a large amount of ICLC were found in the SMC layers or bundles,running parallel with them.At the opening of the ampulla,a number of ICLC surrounded the opening to form a ring.The spontaneous rhythmic myoelectric activities could be recorded in the SO.Conclusion It is suggested that the ICLC might contribute to the regulation of the spontaneous rhythmic contraction,and it might be related to development of motility disorders of the SO.

Brucella organisms are facultative intracellular bacteria capable of surviving inside professional and non-professional phagocytes.Upon cell contact the bacteria is internalized via receptor molecules.Once inside cells,Brucella localizes in early phagosomes,where it avoids fusion with late endosomes and lysosomes.Then,the bacterium redirects its trafficking to autophagosomes and finally reaches the endoplasmic reticulum,the replicating niche.Once inside the endoplasmic reticulum,Brucella extensively replicates without restricting basic cellular functions or inducing damage to cells.Invasion,intracellular trafficking and replication of Brucella organisms in professional and non-professional phagocytes and the molecular determinants involving Brucella intracellular life are reviewed in this article.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture combined with vibroacoustic therapy on upper limb spasticity post stroke. Methods From November, 2014 to November, 2015, 90 patients with upper limb spasticity post stroke were randomized into treat-ment group (acupuncture combined with vibroacoustic therapy), control 1 group (simple vibroacoustic therapy) and control 2 group (simple acupuncture) with 30 cases in each group. All the patients accepted routine fundamental treatment and rehabilitation training. The modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) were used to assess the upper limb muscle ten-sion, motor function and activities of daily living before and four weeks after treatment. Results After treatment, MAS score decreased in all groups (Z>3.067, P<0.001), and FMA score and MBI score increased (t>3.326, P<0.01). MAS score decreased more (Z>2.919, P<0.01), and FMA score and MBI score increased more (P<0.05) in the treatment group than in the control groups after treatment. However, there was no significant difference between the control groups (P>0.05). The total effective rate was 80%in the treatment group, 50%in the control group 1 and 53%in the control group 2 (χ2=8.573, P=0.014), respectively. Conclusion Acupuncture combined with vibroacoustic therapy can alleviate the upper limb spasticity, and promote the recovery of motor function and activities of daily living.

Dental Bonding ; methods ; Dentin ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; chemistry ; Electricity ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo promote development and utilization of Ophiocordyceps gracilis in xinjiang and provide basic data for researching and sustainable developing medicine fungus related to O. gracilis.

METHODA white strain SFYT002 isolated from the sclerotium of O. gracilis in Xinjiang was researched by morphological observation, ITS and 18SrDNA sequencing. The ITS and 18SrDNA sequences of the strain were determined, BLAST was compared with the other sequences of Tolypocladium in GenBank. The phylogenetic trees of ITS and 18SrDNA sequences were analyzed in Tolypocladium. In addition, the filter paper method was used to study the antibacterial effects.

RESULTThe main morphological characters of this strain were white cotton-like colonies, phialide with inflated base, drastically sharping with partially bending tips, small and transparent budding spores with being always assemble to spearhead and globular, subglobular or ellipse conidiospores. The phylogenetic trees of ITS and 18SrDNA sequences were constructed and analyzed in Tolypocladium. It was resulted that Tolypocladium was confirmed to be monophyletic, and the strain SFYT002 was the same as the systematic position of others of T. inflatum. Meanwhile, the antibacterial test was performed against the 4 common pathogenic bacteria. It was showed that both fermentation and its extracts of different polar from this strain possessed good anti-bacteria capacities.

CONCLUSIONThe strain SFYT02 was identified as T. inflatum, and inhibited effectively growth of bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; China ; DNA, Fungal ; genetics ; DNA, Intergenic ; genetics ; Hypocreales ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Mycelium ; Phylogeny

Differential gene expression profiles in Balb/cJ mouse model of acute hepatic failure infected with MHV-3 virus intervened by anti-hepatic failure compound (AHFC) and the changes of cytokines regulated by genes were investigated. The Balb/cj mice were divided into AHFC-intervened group and control group randomly. Acute hepatic failure model of Balb/cJ mice infected with MHV-3 virus was established. The survival rate in the two groups was observed. It was found that the survival rate in the AHFC-intervened group and control group was 90% and 50% respectively 48 h after intraperitoneal injection of MHV-3 (P<0.05). Before and after the experiment, the cytokines in peripheral blood of the survival mice were determined, and RNA was extracted from survival mouse liver tissue for the analysis of the differential gene expression by a 36 kb mouse oligonucleotide DNA array. In all the genes of microarray there were 332 genes expressed differently in the two groups, in which 234 genes were up-regulated and 78 genes down-regulated. Through clustering analysis, the differential expression of immune related genes, including TNF receptor superfamily, Kctd9, Bcl-2, Fgl2, IL-8, IL-6, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha etc. might be related with the curative effectiveness of AHFC. It was suggested that AHFC can balance the immune state of mouse model of acute hepatic failure infected with MHV-3 virus mainly through regulating the expression of immune related genes, decrease the immune damage and inhibit liver cell apoptosis of mouse acute hepatic failure model obviously so as to increase the survival rate of mouse models of acute hepatic failure.
Coronavirus Infections/*complications ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Hepatitis, Viral, Animal/complications ; Liver Failure, Acute/*drug therapy ; Liver Failure, Acute/etiology ; Liver Failure, Acute/genetics ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Murine hepatitis virus ; Phytotherapy ; Random Allocation

Objective To investigate the expression of Toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2) mRNA,p38 mitogen activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK) mRNA and cytokine in peripheral blood of children with measles and to study the effect and possible mechanism for TLR2-p38 MAPK signal pathway defects on immune suppression in the children with measles during acute phase.Methods Thirty children with measles hospitalized in the department of infectious diseases from June 2012 to July 2013 were enrolled into the measles group,and 30 healthy children were chosen as the healthy control group.The mRNA expressions of TLR and p38 MAPK in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The protein levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ),tumor necrosis factor-β (TNF-β),interleukin (IL)-12,IL-6 and IL-10 in plasma were measured by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and flow cytometry (FCM)was applied to detect the percentage of lymphocyte subpopulation.The serum IgG,IgA and IgM levels were detected by velocity scatter turbidimetry.Results (1) The expressions of TLR2 mRNA and p38 MAPK mRNA in the measles group were both significantly lower than those in the healthy control group (all P ＜ 0.05).(2) Compared with the healthy control group,the protein levels of IFN-γ,TNF-β and IL-12 in the plasma of the measles group decreased significantly (all P ＜ 0.05),and the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 increased significantly(all P ＜ 0.05).(3)Compared with the healthy control group,the percentage of CD3 +,CD4 +,CD4 +/CD8 + ratio and the level of IgG and IgA in the measles group decreased significantly(all P ＜ 0.05),and the percentage of CD19 + increased significantly(P ＜ 0.05),but there was no any significant change in the percentage of CD8 + and the level of IgM (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The mRNA expressions of TLR2 and p38 MAPK are low in PBMC in the measles children during acute phase.There are different degrees of suppression of cell immunity,humoral immune and cytokines disorder in children with measles.Defects of TLR2-p38 MAPK signal pathway may cause the formation of measles immune suppression.

Objective To investigate the effect of insulin on D_5 dopamine receptor expression and function in renal proximal tubule (RPT).Methods Immortalized RPT cells and D_5 receptor transfected HEK293 (HEK-D_5) cells were used in the study to investigate the effect of insulin on D_5 receptor expression and function,and those effects were compared in RPT cells from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The function of D_5 receptor was determined by measurement of the Na~+-K~+-ATPase activity in HEK-D_5 cells. Results Insulin increased D_5 receptor protein expression in a concentration and time-dependent manner in WKY RPT cells,but not in SHR.The basal level of D_5 receptor expression was higher in WKY cells than that in SHR cells. Stimulation with fenoldopam(D_1-like dopamine receptor agonist) inhibited the Na~+-K~+-ATPase activity;pretreat- ment with insulin increased the inhibitory effect of fenoldopam on Na~+-K~+-ATPase activity in HEK-D_5 cells. Conclusion The abnormal regulation of insulin on D_5 receptor expression and function might be involved in the path- ogenesis of essential hypertension.