Objective To investigate the histological detection and pleural effusion Mycobacterium tuberculosis and adenosine deaminase(ADA) activity assay value of tuberculous pleurisy.Methods 30 patients with tuberculous pleurisy were chosen as the research object,and selected another non-tuberculous pleurisy caused by pleural effusion in 30 patients as controls,patients received pleural puncture,take detect pleural effusion and pleural biopsy.Results A biopsy to confirm the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy in 18 cases,compared to 60.0 percent.Six cases of patients with pleural tissue biopsy again,a ratio of 20.0％.Pleural histopathology diagnosis was 80.0％.Patients with tuberculous pleurisy pleural effusion ADA average activity was (71.3 ± 16.2),which was significantly higher than that of the control [(19.3 ± 10.8)] (t =23.42,P ＜ 0.05).ADA-positive patients with tuberculous pleurisy was 86.7％,which was significantly higher than 3.3％ of the confrol group (x2 =14.64,P ＜ 0.05).Patients with tuberculous pleurisy pleural effusion TB-PCR positive rate was 6 6.7 ％,significantly higher than the 2 0.0 ％ (x2 =8.6 5,P ＜0.05).Application and histopathological examination of pleural effusion TB-PCR and ADA joint detection,diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy was 100.0％,significantly higher than that of various methods alone(x2 =4.36,5.87,4.16,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Histopathological examination of pleural effusion TB-PCR and ADA joint detection can improve diagnostic accuracy of tuberculous pleurisy.

Objective:To research the effects of HH singaling pathway on proliferation,apoptosis and CyclinD1 expression of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by MDA-MB-231 cells treated with Cyclopamine,a HH singaling pathway inhibitor.Methods:MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with Cyclopamine.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT;Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analysed by flow cytometry(FCM).The mRNA levels of GLI1,CyclinD1 were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR);The protein level of CyclinD1 was detected by immunostaining of cell lines.Results:Compared with control group,Cyclopamine could significantly inhibit the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner;By FCM the treatment of MDA-MB-231 cells with Cyclopamine induced a remarkable increase in the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and after 48 h the sub-G1 peak appeared.The mRNA levels of GLI1,CyclinD1 and the expression of CyclinD1 protein were reduced.Conclusion:The HH signaling pathway was activeted in MDA-MB-231 cells.HH signaling pathway inhibitor,Cyclopamine,could inhibit the proliferation,induce the apoptosis and reduce the expression of CyclinD1 in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Objective:Investigation on the characteristics of motorcycle accidentrelated fatalities,to provide the reliable information and reference data for the precaution and the reduction of the death rate of the traffic accident.Methods:Collect the information of the 145 people dead in the 135 cases of motorcycle accident which happened in the main urban zone of Chongqing city in 2004 examinated by the Chongqing Technical Authentication Center Of Road Traffic Accident,including the detailed process,time and place of accident as well as the means of transportation,the basic information,the injuries,and the main cause of death,which all were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Sex and age of the dead have the significant difference.In the aspect of the means of transportation,59.31% of the dead are drivers who under 40 ocuppy 79%,20% are passengers,20.69% are pedestrians who over 50 ocuppy 60%,instantly dead occupy 36.55% and dead after salvage occupy 63.45%.In the aspect of the cause of dying,craniocerebral injury occupy 65.52%,other injury or combined injury occupy 34.48% and 95.17% of the dead with the limbs injury which the ratio of the fracture of lower limb and the fracture of arm is 2.1:1.And the ratio of the second,third season and the first,fourth season is 1.64:1.Conclusion:The motorcycle accidents have the obvious features and the preventability.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) on wound healing of perianal absceess after operation.Methods 80 patients who received operation of perianal absceess were selected.The patients were randomly divided into the study group(n=40) and control group(n=40).All the patients underwent the treatment of anal abscess incision and drainage.The patients in the control group were disinfected routinely and treated by metronidazole,while the patients in the study group were treated by rhEGF after disinfection of saline.All patients were followed up for one month after surgery.The wound edema score,granulation growth and the healing time of the wound were recorded.Results One month after surgery,the wound edema score in the study group was less than that in the control group at any time.After 2 weeks and 4 weeks,the wound edema scores in the study group were (1.41±0.33)points,(0.54±0.11)points,which were significantly lower than (2.09±0.28)points,(1.37±0.16)points in the control group (t=9.937,27.036,all P<0.001).After 2 weeks and 4 weeks,the granulation growth scores in the study group were (1.71±0.38)points,(0.81±0.16)points,which were significantly lower than(2.16±0.38)points,(1.66±0.21)points in the control group (t=5.296,20.363,P<0.001).The healing time of the wound in the study group was (19.52±1.47)d,which was less than (25.49±1.75)d in the control group (t=16.521,P<0.05).Conclusion The rhEGF can distinctly promote wound healing and shorten the healing time of perianal absceess after operation,which is worthy of the clinical promotion.

BACKGROUND:Tamoxifen has been found to exert neuroprotection by reducing cerebral hemorrhage and edema surrounding the injured site of the spinal cord.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the neuroprotective effect of tamoxifen on rat acute spinal cord injury and the underlying mechanism.
METHODS:Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were equivalently randomized into five groups, and modeled into spinal cord injury at T10 level using modified Al en’s weight-drop method (70 g/cm), except those in sham operation group. At 30 minutes after modeling, al rats were given the intraperitoneal injection of 2.5, 5.0 and 10 mg/kg tamoxifen or same amount of normal saline, once daily. Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) scores were recorded at 24, 48 and 72 hours after surgery. The injured spinal cord was removed at 72 hours to observe its edema. Meanwhile, the levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α, as wel as Caspase-3 activity were detected by ELISA;the protein levels of nuclear factor-κB p65, phosphorylated I-κBαand Caspase-3 were detected by western blot assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, the hind limb function in the tamoxifen groups was significantly improved. Tamoxifen significantly decreased the water content in the rat spinal cord and inhibited spinal cord edema at 72 hours after surgery. ELISA results showed that tamoxifen significantly reduced the activity of interleukin-1β, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-αand Caspase-3 (P<0.05). Western blot assay revealed that tamoxifen significantly downregulated the expression levels of nuclear factor-κB p65, phosphorylated I-κBαand Caspase-3. These results suggest that tamoxifen protects against spinal cord injury via suppressing inflammatory response and apoptosis-associated proteins.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem with a high mortality and case fatality, and multiplies the risk for complications of cardiovascular disease and huge medical costs. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine is effective in preventing and treating CKD with less adverse, however there are a lot of questions that we don't know well. Strategies and approaches of the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in preventing and treating CKD are: (1) enhance the study of optimized scheme for single entity; (2) accelerate the step of new drug exploitation; (3) augment the study of action mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating CKD; (4) strengthen the study of the mechanism of Chinese crude drug which is poisonous to kidney and its prevention and cure; (5) utilize the systems biology to study the essence of kidney; (6) establish a guideline for integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in prevention and treatment of CKD; (7) preach up the general knowledge of CKD, pay attention to mass screening and early prevention of CKD. It is expected to improve diagnosis and treatment of CKD with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine by carrying out these strategies and methods mentioned above.

ObjectiveTo study streptococcus pneumonia capsular polysaccharide antibodies of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in acute exacerbation and the feasibility of vaccination for patients with COPD.MethodsThe COPD in acute exacerbation without respiratory failure (RF)(COPD without RF group),COPD in acute exacerbation with RF (COPD with RF group),asthma (asthma group),healthy elderly examination(elderly examination group) and healthy youth examination (youth examination group) were selected,and each group had 15 cases.The levels of streptococcus pneumonia capsular polysaccharide antibodies IgG,IgM and IgA were measured in all groups.Results There was no significant difference in IgG among the five groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).The levels of IgM in COPD without RF group and elderly examination group were significantly lower than those in COPD with RF group,asthma group and youth examination group (0.554 ± 0.309 and 0.538 ± 0.327 vs.0.810 ± 0.387,0.887 ± 0.278 and 0.852 ± 0.305,P ＜ 0.05 ).Although the level of IgA in COPD without RF group was significantly lower than that in youth examination group(0.532 ±0.297 vs.0.930 ±0.502,P ＜0.05),there was no significant difference among the five groups.Conclusion Patients with COPD should inoculate pneumococcal vaccination.

Moyamoya disease is an uncommon chronic progressive occlusive cerebrovascular disease.It is mainly involved in the terminal internal carotid artery and the proximal portions of the anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries.Normally,there are differences between the conventional angiographic findings and the clinical manifestations and outcomes in moyamoya disease,while the perfusion imaging can provide important hemodynamic information.Currently,CT perfusion imaging and magnetic resonance perfusion imaging have been widely used in clinical practice.This article reviews the application of the two imaging techniques in moyamoya disease.

The curative treatment of choice for stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is usually surgical resection and the two surgical resection methods are lobectomy and sublobar resection.At present,the standard resection for early stage NSCLC is lobectomy.But more and more researches involve the sublobar resection for early stage NSCLC and its effect has been controversial.The research of how to improve the outcomes of sublobar resection is also emerging endlessly.The present paper reviews the effect of sublobar resection and the factors of impacting on its curative effect.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of alendronate sodium on bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) for treating the elderly female with osteoporotic distal radius fractures.Methods Ninety elderly female with osteoporotic distal radius fractures patients were divided into treatment group and control group with 45 cases each according to the method of random number list.The two groups were given the medication treatment after 3 d of external fixation stenting.The control group was given calcium dimension D and the treatment group was given alendronate sodium and calcium dimension D.The course of treatment was 6 months.Before and after treatment,the BMD and bone metabolism [bone alkaline pbosphatase(BALP),tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b(TRACP-5b)] were detected in both groups.The wrist function of two groups was evaluated.Results Before treatment,the level of BMD of treatment group and control group were (0.472 ± 0.157),(0.519 ± 0.173) g/cm2,there was no significant difference (P ＞0.05).After treatment,the level of BMD of treatment group and control group were (0.893 ±0.298),(0.571 ± 0.184) g/cm2,the BMD of treatment group after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment and control group after treatment(P ＜ 0.05).The level of BMD of control group after treatment had no significant difference compared with before treatment (P ＞ 0.05).Before treatment,the level of BALP,TRACP-5b of treatment group and control group were (53.76 ± 17.92),(5.61 ± 1.87) U/L and (51.86 ± 17.29),(5.54 ± 1.85) U/L,the level of BALP,TRACP-5b after treatment had significant difference compared with before treatment and control group after treatment (P ＜0.05).There was no significant difference in control group before treatment and after treatment (P ＞ 0.05).The good rate of rehabilitation of wrist function in treatment group was 91.1％ (41/45),significantly higher than that in control group [51.1％ (23/45)] (x2 =17.524,P ＜0.01).Conclusions The alendronate sodium has a role to suppress bone resorption and increase BMD.It can promote the recovery of wrist function.