OBJECTIVE To analyze pathogen distribution of lower respiratory tract infection after tracheotomy in patients with severe brain injury to offer prevention and control measures.METHODS The data of patients with severe brain injury after tracheotomy were collected and analyzed in our hospital from Jun 2005 to Dec 2005,Bacteria culture were analyzed in 74 cases twice a week.RESULTS Eighty-four strains of pathogens were identified.Gram-negative bacilli,Gram-positive cocci and fungi accounted 73.04%,11.23% and 15.73%,respectively.Through control measures,the infection rate was reduced from 90% in 2004 to 48.65%.CONCLUSIONS The infection rate of patients with severe brain injury can be reduced through effective methods of prevention and control.

Objective: To observe the influence of electroacupuncture on depression and defects of neurological functions in the patients with post-stroke depression. Methods: 90 cases of the apoplectic patients confirmed clinically by CT or MRI were selected and divided randomly into three groups by digital table, 30 cases in each group. All three groups of the patients were treated for wind stroke, with electric stimulation added for the acupuncture group,Fluoxetine added for medication group, and placebo added for control group, continuously for 60 d. Results: Compared to the control group, the scores in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia Stroke Scale (MESSS) decreased in the electroacupuncture group and medication group, and the scores in Barthel index increased (P＜0.05). The general therapeutic effects were better in the electroacupuncture group and medication group than in the control group, and the general therapeutic effects were similar in the electroacupuncture group and medication group. Conclusion: Eiectroacupuncture can improve depressive behavior and promote rehabilitation of the nervous functions.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of acupotomy therapy combined with acupuncture based on distal points selection for lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion ( LIDP) . Methods Sixty-eight LIDP patients were randomly divided into treatment group (N=33) and control group(N=35). The treatment group were given acupotomy therapy on the proximal positive response points in the lumbosacral region for relaxing the tendons,and acupuncture therapy based on distal points selection of Shugu, the Shu-stream point of the foot Taiyang bladder meridian, Zulinqi and Weizhong, the shu-stream point and the blood xi-cleft point of the foot Shaoyang gallbladder meridian respectively, twice a week, 2 weeks constituting one course of treatment. The control group was given conventional electroacupuncture therapy on Huatuo clip points, Dachangshu point, bilateral Shenshu points, Yinmen point, bilateral Zibian points and bilateral Yanglingquan points, and together with TDP radiation therapy, 5 times a week, 2 weeks constituting one course of treatment. The two groups received follow-up for one month. The low back pain scores of Japanese orthopaedic society ( JOA) and visual analog scores ( VAS) of pain were used for the evaluation of therapeutic effect after the treatment. Results ( 1) After treatment, the JOA scores were increased and VAS scores were decreased in both groups compared with those before treatment ( P< 0.05) , and the increase of JOA scores and the decrease of VAS in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group ( P< 0.05) . There was statistically significant difference of VAS scores between the two groups ( P < 0.05) during the follow-up period. ( 2) The total effective rate was 87.9%in the treatment group, and was 77.1%in the control group, the difference being significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion The acupotomy therapy combined with acupuncture based on distal points selection is effective and safe for lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion, which has the advantages of reliable long-term effect and low recurrence rate, showing good prospects for extensive clinical application.

37 cases of skin pruritus were treated by acupuncture and cupping method. After two courses of the treatments, the total effective rate was 94.6%.

Objective To evaluate the effects of fentanyl and lidocaine on hypnotic effect of propofol in total intravenous anesthesia(TIVA) Methods One hundred and sixty ASAI Ⅲ patients(86 male,74 female) aged (55 0?12 4)yr,weighing (58 0?9 8)kg,scheduled for elective surgery were randomly divided into propofol group(group P,n=30), propofol fentanyl group(group PF,n=52) and propofol lidocaine group (group PL,n=78) Patients with kidney and liver dysfunction, hypertension, neurological and mental disease were excluded All patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0 1g and atropine 0 5mg BP,HR,SpO 2 and BIS were continuously monitored The patients were anesthetized by TIVA with TCI The target plasma concentration for fentanyl was 2?g/L(group PF) and for lidocaine 4mg/L(group PL) The initial target plasma concentration of propofol was set at 1mg/L When pre set concentration was reached, target propofol plasma concentration was increased by increments of 0 5mg/L until loss of consciousness Blood samples were taken before anesthesia(T 0), loss of consciousness(T 1), immediately after intubation(T 2), at skin incision(T 3), 5 and 10 min after skin incision(T 4,T 5), when TIVA was ended (T 6) and when the patient waked up(T 7) for determination of plasma concentrations of propofol, fentanyl and lidocaine Results ED 90 and ED 50 of propofol for loss of consciousness were lower in group PF and PL than those in group P but the difference was of no statistical significance (P

Objective To determine whether the anti-proliferation effect of L-arginine is due to inhibiting the expression of cyclin dependent kinase-2 (CDK2)、 CyclinE and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in blood vessel after balloon injury. Methods Rats were randomized into three groups: Group S (sham operation group), Group C (balloon injury control group) and Group L (balloon injury + L-arginine group). After 14 days, blood samples were collected for biochemical studies, and the thoracic aortas were harvested for immunohistochemistry. The expression of CDK2、 CyclinE and PCNA were measured by means of computer image analayzer. Results The levels of plasma nitric oxide (NO) in group C were significantly lower than those in group S. Compared with group C, the levels of plasma NO increased (P

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of taking sibelium long term for treatment and preventing the attack again of cerebral infartcion.Methods 339 patients with cerebral infarction were divided into 2 groups randomly,namely preventing group(120 cases) and control group(119 cases).The basic treatment in the two groups are the same.The preventing group was taken siblium 10 mg once every evening,at least 6 months.To observe the clinical effect in 1 month and the rate of attack again in 1 year.The two groups were measured on hemorrheology,blood lipid and platelet aggregation rate before and after treatment one year.Results After treatment one month,the significant effective rate in sibelium preventing group is 80%,the total effective rate is 98.3%,but the control group is 54.6% and 74.8%(all P

Objective To assess the effect and safety of mono and combination of intravenous flurbiprofen axetil (FP) and epidural tramadol on postoperative pain after cesarean section. Methods Eighty parturients undergoing selected cesarean section with combined epidural spinal anesthesia were randomly allocated into 4 groups (n=20 in each): Group FT treated with intravenous FP 50 mg immediately after the umbilical cord was clamped (T1) and epidural tramadol at the time of suturing peritonaeum (T2);Group FF treated with intravenous FP 50 mg at T1 and T2;Group T treated with epidural tramadol 100 mg at T2, and Group F treated with FP 50 mg at T2. Postoperative pain was assessed by parturients using visual analog scales (VAS) at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 h after surgery. The cases that patients required rescued analgesia were recorded as well as the times of analgesics administration. The events of nausea and vomiting within 24 hours as well as the time of first breast-feeding were observed. Results All groups were similar in VAS at 2 hours after surgery, but were statistically significant different at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours. Group FF showed significant lower VAS than the other 3 groups. However, no significant difference of VAS was observed among the other 3 groups. Rescued analgesia was administered once after surgery to 7 cases in Group F, 4 in Group T, and 2 in Group FT. No patient in Group FF required rescued analgesia. There was significant difference in the rate of rescued analgesia post surgery among the 4 groups (P=0.0149). No significance in the incidence of nausea and vomiting was observed in 4 groups. There was no significant difference in the time of first breast-feeding after surgery in the 4 groups (F=0.54,P=0.657). Conclusions Intravenous flurbiprofen axetil administration immediately after the umbilical cord is clamped and at the time of closing peritonaeum in cesarean section could relieve postoperative pain and reduce postoperative rescue analgesic requirement without increasing the incidence of nausea and vomiting.

Orthopedic implants are commonly clinically used to treat intertrochanteric fracture.The treatment efficacy is related with their biocompatibility and biomechanical characteristics.This paper compared various biological,physical,and chemical reactions between implants and host and analyzed the problems based on the clinical practices.

Objective: To develop a computer game addiction inventory (CGAI) for Chinese college students. Methods:A primary inventory made by the authors was applied to 477 college students from 8 universities in Beijing for exploratory factor analysis, and then to 405 college students for confirmatory factor analysis. Results: After exploratory factor analysis, a questionnaire consisted of 33 items were established, which had four factors: dependence and addict behavior, emotion arousal, functional impairment, and shame and un-satisfaction. These four factors could explain 55.1 of the total variance, were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis (?~2/df=2.304; IFI=0.885; CFI=0.884; NFI=0.813; RSMEA=0.057). The internal consistency of the questionnaire was good (r=0.77~0.94), the test-retest reliability was 0.907. Criteria validity shown by higher scores in addiction group than normal control was also satisfying. Conclusion: The CGAI has good psychometric features and could be applied to college students.