OBJECTIVE:To analyze the current situation and developing trend of drugs used in hospitals of Guangdong Province.METHODS:The data of drugs purchased by60hospitals in Guangdong Province during the period1999～2003was collected and analysed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The sales volume of drugs was increasing year by year with a fast increament speed.The consumption conditions of anti-infectives,drugs for cardiovascular,digestive system and respiratory system diseases,vitamines,diuretics and dehydrants kept stable.The drugs occupying the front10places in sales volume were mainly antibiotics.The manufacture occupying the front places in sales volume were mostly joint ventures.

Our hospital changed the old dispensing mode of its outpatient pharmacy and started to dispense drugs by applying computer network techniques. At the registration area of the outpatient clinic, patient data were entered by means of the computer and the doctor entered his prescription by means of the computer; the dispensing pharmacist dispensed drugs according to the printed drug bag; the distributing pharmacist made checks according to the printed prescription by the doctor item by item and bag by bag. The new dispensing mode had the following advantages: bringing convenience to the patient, ensuring the accuracy of pricing, and shortening the drug-obtaining process; greatly cutting down on the errors occurring in the drug dispensing, distributing and obtaining process, and improving the quality of drug dispensing and distribution; effectively guaranteeing the wholeness and traceability of the prescriptions; greatly enhancing work efficiency; and bettering service manners. Surveys on the level of patients' satisfaction indicated that the level of patients' satisfaction towards the management of our hospital's pharmacy showed a year-to-year upward tendency.

Objective:To study the inhibition effects of simvastatin on cardiac hypertrophy induced by myocardial infarction,and to in-vestigate whether simvastatin prevents cardiac hypertrophy through attenuation of RhoA kinase.Methods:Male Wistar rats were divided intofourgroup(sn=8).Myocardial infarction model was established by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery.Sham operati on group(SHAM group)and myocardidal infarction group(MI group)were gavaged with 0.9%NaCl 1ml/day,Simvastatin group(SIM group)was gavaged with simvastatin 40 mg/(kg.d).Fasudil group(F group)was injected with fasudil 7.5mg(/kg.bid)through peritoneum.At the time point of 28 ds,the ratio of LV weight to body weight(LVW/BW)and the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes were measured.The mRNA expression level of ROCK was detected by RT-PCR.The expression level of Phosphorylated-ERM was detected by immunohisto-chemistry and Western blot.Results:28ds after MI,the LVW/BW,the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes,the mRNA expression level of ROCK and the expression level of Phosphorylated-ERM significantly increased in the MI group compared with those in the SHAM group.And the indexes mentioned above significantly decreased both in the SIM group and F group compared with those in the MI group.Conclusion:Simvastatin prevents post-infarcted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy partly through inhibition of ROCK.

Hepatic cancer is currently the fifth most common malignant neoplasm in the world.Surgical resection is considered as radical treatment.Patients with hepatic cancer in middle or advanced stage according to the Barcelona clinic liver cancer staging system (BCLC) are usually with huge and (or) multinodular lesions and vascular invasion,which are not generally recommended for surgical resection because of high operative mortality,recurrence rate and dismal survival benefit.However,many centers have proved an opposite and encouraging result against the opinions above.With the development of surgical techniques and intensive medical care,the concern of high postoperative mortality for middle or advanced stage hepatic cancer patients is no longer unsolvable.Precise preoperative assessment is essential.The estimation of the liver functional reserve has developed from simple Child-Pugh score to an integrated system including computed tomography evaluation,indocyanine green clearance test,hepatic venous pressure gradient,etc.The estimation of the remnant liver volume after hepatectomy is especially important for surgical treatment for the middle or advanced stage hepatic cancer.Insufficient liver remnant was absolute contraindication for major hepatectomy because of high incidence of postoperative liver failure.In-situ liver transection with one branch of the portal vein ligation has been invented as a novel method to stimulate fast liver regeneration; by this way,a second-stepped radical resection can be performed with a plenty of liver remnant one week later.However,the reliability for hepatic cancer patients with liver cirrhosis is still unknown.Meticulous surgical procedure is another key factor for a safe major hepatectomy.Radical resection is most expected to provide better survival.The development of the technique of liver blood flow occlusion has a markedly influence on partial hepatectomy.Highly selective occlusion and even occlusion-free hepatectomy can reduce warm ischemia injury and improve postoperative survival.Anterior approach is a reasonable maneuver for huge hepatic cancer resection.Cancer thrombosis usually indicates poor prognosis,however,if en-bloc resection or separate thrombectomy can be achieved,surgical resection for the middle and advanced stage hepatic cancer still can provide a better survival benefit to this category of patient than palliative treatment as TACE.

Objective To evaluate transcatheter thrombolysis via the small saphenous vein in the treatment for lower limb acute mix-deep venous thrombosis. Method From Jan 2005 to Mar 2007.37 patients with lower limb acute mix-DVT underwent catheter-directed thrombolysis via the small saphenous vein with urokinase(149 ±71)×104 IU continuous infusion.The venous patency score and the rate of patency improvement were observed by venograms before and after therapy.Twenty-two patients were followed up for(12 ±4)months. Results Venous patency score were significantly improved(Z=-5.330,P＜0.01).The mean rate of venous patency was 50.17%±15%,and there was no complication.Venogram on 6～12 month follow up showed a venous patency of 58%±13%(Z=-3.545,P＜0.01),and that on 13～18 months was 68%±20%(Z=-2.201,P＜0.05). Conclusion This preliminary experience suggests that catheter-directed thrombolysis via the small saphenous vein with urokinase for acute lower limb mix-DVT iS safe and effective.

[Objective]To Probe the causes of significant operatiive complications of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament as well as the treatment outcomes in order to reduce the surgical morbidities and to suggest preventive measures of complications.[Method]The surgical data of 85 cases with ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament were reviewed form March 2002 to May 2006.In continuous long segment OPLL which were treated by bilaminectomy with internal fixation system;short segment OPLL which were treated by corpectomy of anterior cervical approach with bone of autograft and anterior cervical spine locking plates.[Result]Totally 66 cases were followed-up from 3 to 25 months with an average of 13 months.Complication of posteior cervical approach:8 cases with the pain of neck-shoulder,which resulted from postoperative radiculopathy and nerve root irritation or injury.Most of 8 cases were recovered in 2 to 20 weeks by conservative treatment such as antalgica,dehydration and physiotherapy.Four cases with quadriparesis or symptom deteriorate,which resulted from reperfusion injury of spine cord.Two cases were recovered by hyperbaric oxygen and medication and 1 cases recovered not enough.Two cases with posterior cervical hemotoma were caused by bleeding of smaller blood vessels and obstruction of drainage.One case of CSF leakage were cured in 3 days with cervical spinal immobilization and moderate local compressiom.Two cases of local infection were cured during 20 days with antibiotics or combined with debridement and suturing.Complications of anterior cervical approach:a cases with quadriparesis or symptom deteriorate;1 case of CSF leakage.Complications related to instruments included 1 case of titanium net subsidence and 1 case of single lateral mass screw back-out.[Conclusion]Many kinds of operative complications could occur in either anterior or posterior approach of surgery of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament.Preoperative good preparation,intraoperative carefull operation and postoperative strengthened management are the key points to decrease and prevent operative related complications.

Objective To analyze the pathogen distribution and drug resistance in the patients with urinary system infection in our hospital so as to provide the basis for prevention and treatment of urinary system infection .Methods 259 strains of pathogenic bacteria cultured and isolated from the midstream urine were performed the bacteriologic identification and the drug susceptibility testing ,Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were performed the extend‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBLs) producing testing . Results Among 259 strains of bacteria ,187 strains 72 .2% (187/259) were Gram negative stains ,43 strains 16 .6% (43/259) were Gram positive stains and 29 strains 11 .20% (29/259) were fungi .Gram negative stains were dominated by Escherichia coli (139 strains) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (22 strains) .The detection rates of ESBLs‐producing Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella pneumoni‐ae were 55 .4% (77/139) and 45 .4% (10/22) .The drug susceptibility testing results showed that Gram negative stains were sus‐ceptible to both imipenem and meropenem (100% ) and Gram positive stains were susceptible to vancomycin ,teicoplanin and linezol‐id (100% ) .Conclusion Gram negative bacilli are the main infectious pathogens in urinary tract infection and Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen .No vancomycin‐resistant Gram positive cocci is found .Rationally selecting antibacterial drugs according to the drug susceptibility testing results has great significance in the therapy of urinary tract infection and the control of drug‐resistant bacterial strains .

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the status quo and the future tendency of the hematological system drugs used in Guangdong area.METHODS:The hematological system drugs used in over60hospitals of Guangdong area between2000and2004were analyzed statistically with respect to drug variety and amount of money.RESULTS:The amount of money of hematological system drugs increased year by year;that of the joint venture manufactured drugs and the domestic drugs in?creased year by year;filgrastim dominated the first in terms of amount of money.CONCLUSION:The domestic enterprises should strengthen the research and development of drugs and further increase their market share so as to satisfy the needs of more patients.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the costs and effectiveness of4treatment regimens for hypertension.METHODS:212cases of hypertension were randomly divided into4groups,group A treated with amlodipine,group B treated with fosino?pril,group C treated with candesartan cilexetil,and group D treated with losartan;the curative effects in each group were ob?served and cost-effectiveness analyses were made.RESULTS:The effective rate in group C was markedly higher than those in other3groups(P

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the current situation and developing trend of drugs used in hospitals of Guangdong Province .METHODS: The data of drugs purchased by 40 hospitals in Guangdong in the years 1999- 2001 was collected and analysed.RESULTS: The drug expenses increased year by year in years 1999- 2001.CONCLUSION: The sum of money of drugs consumed will increase year by year,however,the growth rate may decrease.The proportion of consumption of imported drugs will continuously decrease.