Objective To optimize the extraction conditions for Yuemu eye drops.Methods The extraction conditions were studied with orthogonal test L_9(3~4),the content of caffeic acid was determined by HPLC as index.Results Alcohol concentration and frequency of extraction were remarkable factors in the test. Conclusion The optimum extraction technology for Yuemu eye drops was to reflux and extract the materials for 2 times in 80% alcohol,the volume of which was 6 times the weight of herbal medicine,with 1 hour for each time.

Toll-like receptor (TLR) plays a crucial role in innate immune response and the subsequent induction of adaptive immunity. TLR is expressed on immune cells as well as epithelial cells and tumor cells. When endogenous and exogenous ligands bind with TLR, TLR signaling pathways are activated and a large number of inflammatory cytokines are released, creating an inflammatory microenvironment and leading to tumor formation, invasion and metastasis.

By classification with syndrome differentia -tion into the three patterns of deficient cold in the lower energizer, qi deficiency in the spleen and lung and damp heat in the Liver Meridian, 43 cases of enuresis were treated by puncturing Baihui (GV 20), Guanyuan (CV 4)and Sanyinjiao (SP 6). After two courses of the treatment,the results showed cure in 28 cases, improvement in 13 cases and failure in 2 cases.

OBJECTIVE:To establish sodium tetraphenylborate volumetric method in place of gravimetric analysis method for the determination of the content of potassium chloride in compound sodium chloride injection.METHODS:The contents of potassium chloride in compound sodium chloride injection were determined by sodium tetraphenylborate volumetric method and sodium tetraphenylborate gravimetric method respectively,the results of which were compared.RESULTS:The average recovery of volumetric method was99.75%(RSD=0.46%,n=9),there was no significant difference in the t-test comparison between the determination results of volumetric method and that of the gravimetric method.CONCLUSION:The sodium tetraphenylborate volumetric method is simple,fast and accurate,which can take the place of gravimetric method for the deter?mination of contents of potassium chloride in compound sodium chloride injection.

0.05),but there were more side-effects in study group(P

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical effect and security of Reparil Gel on osteoarthritis of the knee.Methods60 patients were randomly divided into Reparil Gel group and Fenbid group, who applied Reparil Gel or take Fenbid orally respectively. Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was used to assess patients' pain, joint stiffness and disability of knee on 0 week, 2 week, 6 week after treatment. The side effect was observed.ResultsBoth group showed good clinic effect on 2 weeks (P<0.05)and 6 weeks (P<0.001)after treatment. Significant difference between two group was found 2 weeks after treatment, but there was no difference 6 weeks after. There was no side effect had been observed in Reparil Gel group, while stomachache, nausea or anorexia had been found in 4 case of Fenbid group 2 weeks after, and 8 case of Fenbid group 6 weeks after.ConclusionReparil Gel are same effective as Fenbid, but less side effect happened.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and the mechanisms of triptolide on antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in kidney transplantation.Method A rat model of AMR in kidney transplantation was constructed by sensitizing major histocompability complex (MHC) completely incompatible species of rats via blood transfusion before kidney transplantation.The protective effect of Triptolide on the renal function and pathologic injury was studied in this rat model.The levels of donor specific antibodies were measured by flow cytometry.C4d expression and macrophage infiltration were examined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Result Triptolide could improve the function of transplanted kidney significantly (P＜0.05) and alleviate the pathologic injury.Triptolide can also reduce the levels of IgM,IgG2b and IgG2c in the serum of the recipient rats and inhibit the macrophage infiltration as well (P＜0.05).Conclusion Triptolide plays protective and therapeutic roles in AMR of kidney transplantation,which may be contributed to the inhibition of the production of donor specific antibody and the macrophage infiltration.

BACKGROUND:The patients with neurogenic urinary incontinence could be cured to restore their urinary storage function through the implant of the suburethral sling made of appropriate materials in a reasonable way. Meanwhile the choice of materials and the safe and effective control of tension are crucial factors. OBJECTIVE:To review the implanted methods, effectiveness and safety of sling made of different materials in the surgical treatment of neurogenic stress urinary incontinence. METHODS:The PubMed database, English database, CNKI database and related English books were retrieved with computer from January 1986 to January 2012 for the articles on the urethral sling material, urethral sling placement methods, efficacy and safety. The key words were“urethral sling, neurogenic, urinary incontinence”in English and Chinese. Final y, 47 articles were included for review according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Urethral sling is a safe, handy, and micro-invasive operation, by using autologous fascia or various synthetic materials to implant into the body. The mechanism of neurogenic urinary incontinence is mainly related with the change of bladder function or the insufficiency of urethral sphincter function. However, it is stil a big problem for us to assure the postoperative ability of such patients to store and control urine because of their complicated conditions.

ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors of complications after laparoscopic gastrectomy.Methods The clinical data of 76 patients who received laparoscopic gastrectomy at the Tenth Hospital of Tangji University from April 2009 to July 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into complication group (13patients) and non-complication group (63 patients).Seventeen variables,including gender,age,abdominal surgery history,comorbidities (cardiovascular disease,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,diabetes mellitus,anemia,hypoproteinemia,pyloric obstruction),palliative operation,operative data ( operation time,blood loss,method of alimentary tract reconstruction),postoperative TNM staging,vascular or nerve invasion and number of lymph nodes dissected were analyzed by using the univariate and Logistic regression analysis to screen out the risk factors of postoperative complications.All data were analyzed using the t test or chi-square test.ResultsThere were 67 patients received laparoscopic curative gastrectomy and 9 received laparoscopic palliative gastrectomy.Sixty-three patients received distal gastrectomy ( including 49 received BillrothⅠgastrectomy and 14 received Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy) and 13 patients received total gastrectomy + Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy).The mean operation time,blood loss,number of lymph nodes dissected were ( 263 ± 72) minutes,( 200 ± 191 ) ml and 17 ±8,respectively.There were 25 patients in TNM stage Ⅰ,18 in stage Ⅱ,27 in stage Ⅲ and 6 in stage Ⅳ.The incidence of complications was high in the old patients,but there was no effect of gender and age on the incidence of complications ( x2 =0.68,2.32,P ＞ 0.05 ).The operation time of the complication group was longer than that of non-complication group,but no significant difference was observed ( t =1.44,P ＞ 0.05 ).Preoperative comobidities (cardiovascular disease,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,diabetes mellitus,anemia,hypoproteinemia,pyloric obstruction),blood loss and number of lymph node disseeted were not the risk factors of postoperative complications ( x2 =3.20,0.58,0.13,0.26,0.01,0.19,t =0.15,0.83,P ＞ 0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Billroth Ⅱ alimentary tract reconstruction,more comorbidites,and advanced TNM stage were correlated with postoperative complications ( OR =5.54,7.02,2.33,P ＜0.05 ).The accuracy rate of multivariate Logistic regression analysis was 8 i.6％.Conclusion Billroth Ⅱ alimentary tract reconstruction,more comorbidities,and advanced TNM stage are the independent risk factors of complicatioas after laparoscopic gastrectomy.