A poly( GMA-EGDMA) coated SPME fiber was prepared using an in-situ polymerization by direct bonding to the surface of a polydopamine-modified stainless steel wire. Then the fiber was modified by sulfuric acid. A novel solid phase microextraction coating coupled to high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) method based on the as-prepared fiber was developed for the determination of four pharmaceuticals and personal care products ( PPCPs) in water samples. The influences of extraction parameters, including pH, extraction time, extraction temperature and salt addition were investigated. 3 mL water sample was extracted by the as-prepared fiber for 60 min at 30 ℃, and then desorbed with mobile phase for 30 min, respectively. Desorption solution was analyzed by HPLC-DAD ( diode array detection ) . The results indicated that the extraction yield of the fiber was good for four PPCPs. The linear correlation coefficients were>0. 997 with the linear range of 2-200 μg/L. The limits of detection (S/N=3) were 0. 5-5 μg/L with RSD (n=5) of 4. 1%-11. 9%. The recoveries of four PPCPs at spiked level of 20, 50, 100 μg/L were within the range of 70. 6%-105. 5%. The results showed that this method was easy, green, accurate and precise, and could be used to assay the four PPCPs in real water samples.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of MRI in evaluating the cardiac structures and function of congenital heart diseases.Methods Fifteen cases with surgically proved different types of CHD were examined by the techniques of magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) and echocardiography (ECG).The results were compared to determine their values in showing the abnormalities of cardiac structures and function.Results In 15 cases,20 malformations were diagnosed correctly by MRI within 24 abnormalities confirmed by operation(20/24),21 by ECG (21/24).MRI was better than ECG in displaying great vascular diseases, while ECG was better in valvular diseases.There was no significant difference between MRI and ECG in examining cardiac function.Conclusion MRI can clearly show the abnormalities of cardiac anatomy and function.

Objective To explore whether major depressive disorder（MDD）and the therapeutic effect of fluoxetine are related to a functional polymorphism-1019C/G in the promoter region of the 5-HT1A receptor（HTR1A）gene.Methods Genotype and allele frequencies of HTR1A receptor gene-1019C/G polymorphism in MDD patients and healthy subjects（control）were examined by PCR-RFLP technique.Before and after the MDD patients accepted fluoxetine treatment for 6 weeks,17-item Hamilton depression rating scales（HAMD）were made to determine the severity of the symptoms,the outcome and remission status.Results There were significant differences in-1019C/G gene genotypes and alleles distribution between the patients and the healthy control,G allele frequency of the MDD patient was higher than that of the healthy control（P 0.05）.There were significant differences in HAMD scores among the patients with different genotypes in MDD group（P 0.05）,the score of C/C genotype patient was especially higher than that of C/G genotype（P 0.05）and G/G genotype patient（P =0.008）.There was no statistical difference in the therapeutic effect of fluoxetine among the patients with different genotypes in MDD group（P =0.761）.Conclusion HTR1A gene-1019C/G genetic polymorphism might related to MDD,especially G allele might be the possible risk factor of MDD.C allele might be correlated with the degree of pathogenetic severity,especially patients with the-1019C/C carriers.-1019C/G genetic polymorphism was not related to the clinical outcome of MDD patients treated with fluoxetine.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of dental erosion among college students in Guangzhou and to provide necessary information for the prevention.

METHODSA total of 1704 16-24-year-old students from six colleges or universities were assessed for dental erosion. Data on the social economical status, eating habits, oral hygiene habits, and other related factors were obtained through questionnaire. The influencing factors were analyzed by chi(2)-test and logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSFive hundreds and one of the 1704 subjects suffered from dental erosion (29.4%). The teeth most frequently affected were the upper and lower incisors and first mandibular molar. For tooth surfaces were incisal/occlusal surfaces [66.1% (5491/8311)] and labial/buccal surfaces [31.0% (2574/8311)]. Logistic regression analysis showed that female, those who were not the only child in the family, and students who consumed carbonated drinks more than once per week or drank 500 ml or more of acidic beverages per week were more likely to have dental erosion.

CONCLUSIONSControl of the consuming of acidic beverages is an important measure for the prevention of dental erosion.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Prevalence ; Tooth Erosion ; epidemiology

BACKGROUNDPersistent/secondary infections of human root canals play an important role in the failure of endodontic treatment. This study used 16S rRNA sequencing to assess microbial diversity in root-filled teeth associated with failed endodontic treatment.

METHODSDNA was extracted from 15 teeth with persistent intraradicular infections, and the 16S rRNA of all present bacteria were amplified by PCR, followed by cloning and sequencing of the 16S rRNA amplicons.

RESULTSAll sample extracts were positive for PCR amplification using the universal 16S rRNA gene primers. Negative control reactions yielded no amplicons. Sixty-five phylotypes belonging to seven phyla were identified from 760 clones; a mean of 9.4 phylotypes were detected in each sample (range 3 - 15). Twenty-eight phylotypes were detected in more than one sample, revealing a high inter-sample variability. Parvimonas micra (60%, 9/15), Solobacterium moore (47%, 7/15), Dialister invisus (33%, 5/15), Enterococcus faecalis (33%, 5/15), Filifactor alocis (27%, 4/15), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (27%, 4/15) were the prevalent species. Nineteen as-yet-uncultivated phylotypes were identified, comprising a substantial proportion of the bacteria in many cases.

CONCLUSIONSPersistent intraradicular infections were present in all root-filled teeth associated with failed endodontic treatment. The current observations reveal new candidate endodontic pathogens, including as-yet-uncultivated bacteria and phylotypes that may participate in the mixed infections associated with post-treatment apical periodontitis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bacteria ; classification ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; genetics ; Tooth, Nonvital ; microbiology ; Treatment Failure

Objective To investigate the changes of C- reactive protein( CRP ) and homocysteine ( Hcy)in the type 2 diabetes with depression,and its clinical significance and potential mechanism. Methods One hundred and twenty-four cases with type 2 diabetes were divided into the depression group(63 cases)and non-depression group( 61 cases ) according to the Self-Rating Depression Scale and verified by Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. The information including age,sex,education degree,body mass index,course of disease and the number of complications were recorded. The levels of CRP,Hcy,fasting plasma glucose( FPG ),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and blood lipid were measured. The depression group was divided into mild,medium and heavy group to compared the changes of Hcy and CRP. Results The levels of Hcy,HbA1c and the number of complications in depression group were 11. 5( 8. 6,15. 6 )μmol/L,( 10. 13 ± 2. 17 )%,and 2( 1,3 ) respectively,higher than that of non-depression group(8. 6(7. 4,11. 2)μmol/L,(9. 33 ± 2. 20)%,1(0,2)), while the education degree of depression group((9. 75 ± 3. 36)years)was lower than that of non-depression group((11. 56 ± 3. 73)years),and the differences were significant( t/Z = -3. 537,0. 952,-2. 339,0. 228 respectively;P ﹤0. 05). The levels of Hcy in mild,medium and heavy depression group were(8. 75(7. 45, 10. 45)μmol/L,12. 2(8. 90,14. 40)μmol/L,19. 50(14. 33,28. 03)μmol/L respectively and the difference was significant(F =25. 963,P =0. 000). No significance difference was found in terms of CRP level(2. 35 (1. 10,4. 92)mg/L,3. 25(1. 11,5. 68)mg/L,2. 32(1. 27,5. 41)mg/L;F=0. 194,P=0. 907). There was significant correlation between depression scores and Hcy( r=0. 615,P=0. 000). Conclusion Type 2 diabetes with depression is associated with the level of blood glucose,education degree and the course of disease. Hcy,not CRP is an independent risk factor of type 2 diabetes with depression.

OBJECTIVETo study Chinese medicine (CM) signs and symptoms of urethane-induced lung cancer in mice, and observe the effect of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and Taraxaci Herba on symptoms in mice and tumor progress.

METHODThe mice were intraperitoneally injected with urethane twice a week for consecutively five weeks to establish a lung cancer model. The changes in their appearance, body temperature and auricle microcirculation were observed in carcinogenic process. CM signs and symptoms of urethane-induced lung cancer in mice were evaluated with energy metabolism, erythrocytic ATP emzymatic activity and hemorrheological index. During the tumor model was induced, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and Taraxaci Herba were used to treat the mice and observe their effect on symptoms in mice and tumor progress.

RESULTDuring urethane was used to induce lung cancer, the mice had gradually become chill, lazy, hunched, with reduction in temperature, cyanosis in auricle and tail. Meanwhile, their energy metabolism and erythrocytic ATP enzymatic activity reduced, whereas their whole blood viscosity and erythrocytic aggregate index increased. Taraxaci Herba showed an effect on enhancing above symptoms and signs but had no effect on tumor progress. Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata showed an effect on reducing above symptoms and signs and preventing tumor progress.

CONCLUSIONMice with urethane-induced lung cancer show CM signs and symptoms of congealing cold with blood stasis. The treatment with Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata can alleviate symptoms and signs in mice and prevent tumor progress.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Animals ; Blood Circulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Neoplastic Processes ; Taraxacum ; chemistry ; Urethane ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo identify the factors that may influence the prognosis of patients with hepatorenal syndrome and try to establish a prognostic model.

METHODSData of 126 patients with hepatorenal syndrome were analyzed and 56 indexes that might affect the prognosis were focused on, involving history, symptoms, signs and lab findings. Cox model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used.

RESULTSMany factors were found to affect the prognosis independently, including hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and its degree, gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), blood neutrophil count (N1) and serum creatinine (Cr). The prognosis model was established as the following equation where PI represents prognosis index: PI = 0.711HE + 0.836GIB + 0.052N1 + 0.002Cr (GIB: no = 0, yes = 1; HE: no = 0, phase I = 1, phase II = 2, phase II = 3, phase IV = 4). When PI < 1, the average survival time was 42 days; when 1 < or = PI < or = 3, the average survival time was 15 days; when PI > 3, the average survival time was 2 days.

CONCLUSIONThe results obtained from this study may help in estimation of diagnosis, analysis of illness state and evaluation of therapy in clinical work.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hepatorenal Syndrome ; complications ; mortality ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Liver Failure ; complications ; mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models

Objective To understand the status and influential factors of those neglect of left-behind children in rural area,and to provide bases for the development of intervention measures.Methods 2917 students were selected as the study subjects from Changfeng county of Anhui province with cluster sampling method and were evaluated by a Parents-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and questionnaire on influential factors.Results 1694 left-behind children,accounted for 58.1％ of the total students,were surveyed in this investigation.The prevalence rates of neglect,among total children,left-behind children,non-left-behind children were 67.4％,70.2％,63.5％,respectively.The prevalence of neglect among left-behind children was higher than that among non-left-behind children (x2=14.322,P＜0.000).There were no significant associations with the neglect rate of left-behind children regarding gender or age differences.Result from multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the neglect among the left-behind children were associated with family dysfunction(OR values of moderate and serious family dysfunctions compared to good family function were 1.628 and 2.341,respectively)and the rate of keeping in touch with parents(OR values of sometimes and seldom keeping in touch compared to regular in touch were 1.299 and 1.844,respectively).The starting age of being left-behind(OR values of starting age that being left-behind from 6 to 10 and ≤5 years relative to starting age of left-behind ≥11 years were 0.703 and 0.630,respectively)appeared to be the protection factor to the neglect of those left-behind children.Conclusion Our findings indicated that the status of neglect among the left-behind children was serious.Prevention programs on the issue should target on a number of factors,including the characteristics of the chldren them-selves,as well as on the family of the children.

To develop a fed-batch fementation process of E. coli TOP10 containing a recombinant plasmid pBAD/HBs Fab. Cells were grown in semi-defined medium at 37 degrees C, and the feed operation using glycerol as carbon source was performed when dissolved oxygen increased. When the target cell concentration reached to 64g/L, arabinose was added to a final concentration of 0.02%. Cells were grown for another 5h with the culture temperature decreased from 37 degrees C to 30 degrees C. In the whole process, cell growth was monitored by measuring OD600 of samples taken at 1/2h intervals and the dissolved oxygen was kept above 30%. After the fementation, E. coli pellets were collected for purification of Fab protein. The specificity of Fab protein was confirmed by Western blot, and binding activity to HBsAg was verified by Dot blot. Cell concentration we got is 96g wet bacteria per liter, the Fab protein is about 6% of total protein of the host, that is 80mg per liter. Stable fermentation parameters were obtained for fermentation to improve productivity of the Fab protein. The Fab protein was produced in the form of soluble biologically active protein, it's better than inclusion bodies from which biologically active protein can only be recovered by complicated and costly denaturation and refolding process.
Blotting, Western ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Fermentation ; physiology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Temperature