Objective To explore the preliminary significance of overexpressed MUC-1 mRNA in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. Method Total RNAs of 23 paired fresh lung samples and lung adenocarcinoma samples were extracted by routine Trizol way. After total RNAs were transcribed into cDNA, the expression of MUC-1 gene was detected in these samples by real-time PCR. Finally, the correlation of MUC-1 expression with the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma was analyzed. Result Compared with normal lung tissues, the expression of MUC-1 in 20( 87% ) lung adenocarcinoma samples was markedly increased. Compared with early and mid-stage lung adenocarcinoma samples,. the overexpressed MUC-1 in late stage lung adenocarcinoma samples was increased by 2.2 folds. In addition, compared with primary lung adenocarcinoma samples without lymph node metastasis, MUC-1 mRNA was increased in primary lung adenocarcinoma samples with lymph node and distant metastasis ( 2.5 folds). Conclusion Overexpressed MUC-1 may participate in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma.

The distribution fate and solubilization behavior of indomethacin through the intestinal tract were investigated with in vitro lipolysis model, by comparing the Capmul MCM and Labrafil M 1944 CS type I lipid formulations. The results showed that the more favorable solubilization was in the aqueous digestion phase from each lipid formulations for indomethacin. The lipolysis rate and extent were decided with chemical constitution of the lipid excipients, which meant that less indomethacin was transferred from the long chain polar oil lipid solution into the aqueous digestion phase. Increasing the concentration of indomethacin in the lipid formualitons from a solution to a suspension led to a linear increase in the concentration of indomethacin attained in the aqueous digestion phase from lipid formulations. This study also implied that adverse effects of the lipolysis rate and extent on drug absorption were could be taken into consideration when screening lipid formulations. Lipid suspensions likely had better enhancement of drug absorption. Last, this study demonstrated that a potential basis for optimizing and assessing type I lipid formulations and also researching in vivo-in vitro correlations of lipid formulations were provided by an in vitro lipolysis model.

Objective To investigate the molecular epidemiology of CRAB isolated from children in wuhan. Methods Forty non-repetitive strains of CRAB were collected from hospitalized children of emergency department, neonatal medicine, cardiothoracic surgery, bone surgery, respiratory medicine and renal medicine in Wuhan children's hospital during December 2008 and May 2009. MIC values were PFGE; KPC, IMP, GIM, SPM, SIM, OXA-23, VIM genes and integrase gene were amplified by PCR and then sequenced to confirm the genotypes.; Plasmid conjugation experiment was used to study the transfer method of bacterial resistance and southern blot hybridization was used to target the resistance genes. Results Susceptible rates of 40 strains to gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, trimoxazole were 20%, 5%, 93%, 93%, 95%, and 23% respectively. Eleven types of clone were detected by PFGE,including 29 strains of type A clone, 2 strains of type B clone, and 1 strain for each type of C to K clone. Eleven isolates produced both IMP-4 and OXA-23 carbapemase. Twenty-six isolates only possessed OXA-23 carbapemase. Thirty-six strains carried class Ⅰ integron. The results of southern blot hybridization showed that Intl, IMP-4 and OXA-23 type were located on chromosome. Conclusions Type A clone of CRAB is the most common. OXA-23 and IMP-4 type are the major acquired carbapemases, especially the OXA-23 is the most common type. The horizontal transmission of OXA-23 and IMP-4 gene mediated by Int1 and the spread of type A resistant clone is the major way of the spread of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the region.

A new dynamic in vitro intestinal absorption model for screening and evaluating lipid formulations was established by means of the characteristics of the intestinal digestion and absorption of the lipid formulations. This model was composed of two systems, including intestinal digestion and the intestinal tissue culture, which drew the evaluation method of intestinal absorption into the in vitro lipolysis model. The influence of several important model parameters such as Ca2+, D-glucose, K+ on the two systems of this model has been investigated. The results showed that increasing of Ca2+ concentration could be significantly conductive to intestinal digestion. The increasing of D-glucose concentration could stepped significantly down the decay of the intestinal activity. K+ was able to maintain intestinal activity, but the influence of different concentration levels on the decay of the intestinal activity was of no significant difference. Thus the model parameters were set up as follows: Ca2+ for 10 mmol x L(-1), D-glucose for 15 mmol x L(-1) and K+ for 5.5 mmol x L(-1). Type I lipid formulation was evaluated with this model, and there was a significant correlation between the absorption curve in vitro and absorption curve in vivo of rats (r = 0.995 6, P < 0.01). These results demonstrated that this model can be an attractive and great potential method for the screening, evaluating and predicting of the lipid formulations.

This paper report the development of a new dosage form - self-microemulsifying mouth dissolving films, which can improve the oral bioavailability of water insoluble drugs and have good compliance. A three factor, three-level Box-Behnken design was used for optimizing formulation, investigated the effect of amounts of microcrystalline cellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose and hypromellose on the weight, disintegration time, cumulative release of indomethacin after 2 min, microemulsified particle size and stretchability. Optimized self-microemulsifying mouth dissolving films could fast disintegrate in (17.09 +/- 0.72) s; obtain microemulsified particle size at (28.81 +/- 3.26) nm; and release in vitro at 2 min to (66.18 +/- 1.94)%. Self-microemulsifying mouth dissolving films with broad application prospects have good compliance, strong tensile and can be released rapidly in the mouth through fast self-microemulsifying.

Solid carriers had important effects on the properties of solid self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SMEDDS). In order to make the basis for further development of S-SMEDDS, the influences of silica on the absorption of S-SMEDDS were investigated. An in vitro lipolysis model was used to evaluate the influence of silica on self-microemulsifying drug delivery system digestion from intestinal tract. S-SMEDDS containing silica were prepared by extrusion/spheronization. The drug release and absorption were investigated. The results showed that lipolysis rate and drug concentration in aqueous phase after intestinal lipolysis both increased by adding silica, which was benefit to drug absorption. And silica was not benefit to absorption for slowing drug release. Consistently, there was no significant influence of silica on intestinal absorption. This study implied that the influences of silica on lipolysis rate and drug release were both amount dependent and it is suggested that silica could be used as the solid carrier but the proportion needs to be optimized.

Objective To investigate the distribution of acquired carbapenemases in carbapenemresistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, and explore its role in epidemiology of nosocomial infection. Methods From November 2008 to March 2009, twenty clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected from children hospitalized in Wuhan children's hospital. MICs of antibiotics were tested by DNA of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Modified Hodge test was used to screen strains producing carbapenemases,combined imipenem(IPM)-EDTA , meropenem(MEM)- EDTA and ceftazidime(CAZ) - EDTA double-disk synergy test (DDST) were used to detect metallo-β-lactamase-producing. PCR amplification of the carbapenemase and integrase genes, and sequencing were performed. Plasmid conjugation transfer experiments and Southern hybridization were applied to study the mode of drug resistance transmission. Results Four types of Klebsiella pneumoniae were detected by PFGE, type A consisted of 5 strains, including 3 strains of type Al and 2 strains of type A2), type B (2 strains), type C (12strains) and type D (1 strain). Type A and C were the main drug resistant clones. Eight strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae carried both KPC-2 and IMP-4 genes, 10 strains carried IMP-4 gene, 2 strains carried KPC-2 gene. None of NDM-1 ,GIM, SPM, SIM, OXA-23, and VIM carbapenemase genes was detected in 20 isolates. All of 20 isolates carried lntl which were found to be located on bacterial chromosome by Southern blot. Conclusions KPC-2and IMP-4 genes are the major carbapenemase genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in Wuhan.Transmission of drug resistance is mainly through vertical transmission of type C resistant clone and horizontal transmission of Intl on bacteria chromosome.

ObjectiveTo investigate current situation of creativity among inpatient high school students with internet game addiction disorder (IGAD) and its influential factors.MethodsThe participants comprised the patients in the General Hospital of Beijing Military Region meeting the diagnostic criteria for Internet Addiction( including 70 cases of high school (HSIGAD) and junior high school 65 cases (JHSIGAD) and 70 cases of high school in the school (HSIS) ).Questionnaire plus clinical interview method was used in the process of investigation,and the research tools include diagnostic criteria for Internet Addiction,Creativity Assessment Packet (CAP).And further Family environment questionnaire,Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) and 16PF were used for HSIGAD.ResultsThe creativity's total and each factor's score of HSIGAD( creativity's total ( 109.60 ±11.12 ),risk ( 23.77 ± 2.97 ),curiosity ( 31.51 ± 4.29 ),imagination ( 26.06 ± 3.57 ) and challenge ( 28.26 ±2.87) ) were lower than that of HSIGAD( ( 111.35 ± 12.00) (24.14 ±3.20) (32.25 ±4.26) (26.35 ±4.25)and (28.62 ±2.79) respectively),but there was no significant difference.The creativity's total and each factor's score of HSIGAD were significantly lower than that of HSIS( ( 121.27 ± 7.68 ) ( 26.17 ± 2.30) ( 35.80 ± 3.11 )(29.66 ±3.28) and (29.64 ±2.34) respectively) (P＜0.01).Multiple stepwise regression analysis found that extroversion in personality and knowledge in family environment entered the regression equation,and all had positive prediction for creativity tendency.ConclusionThe internet game addiction may slow the development of high school student's creativity.While the personality of extroversion and the family environment with esteem to knowledge were beneficial to the development of adolescent creativity tendency.

Objective To investigate the effect of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) combined with controlled hypotension (CH) on the extravascular lung water (EVLW) and oxygenation in elderly orthopaedic surgery patients.Methods Forty-five elderly orthopaedics surgery patients,23 males,22 females,aged 65-75 years old,ASA grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=15 each).Group A,served as control,received regular routine transfusion and intraoperative crystalloid fluids and colloidal liquid to add volume.Group B,namely ANH group,received normovolemic hemodilution till Hct reaching 30% after induction of anesthesia.Group C,ANH combined with CH group,received ANH with Hct reaching 30% after induction of anesthesia,and the patients were continuously pumped nitroglycerin combined with esmolol for controlled hypotension.The target mean arterial pressure controlled and cut by 30% below the basic value.We collected arterial blood for blood gas analysis at 5 points: before before induction of anesthesia (T1),immediately after ANH (T2),30 min after ANH (T3),30 min after CH (T4),immediately after surgery (T5).Meanwhile the MAP,HR,PaO2,SpO2,Hct,HCO3-,pH,cardiac index (CI),stroke volume variation (SVV),stroke volume index (SVI),extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) and intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI) were recorded.Blood loss,urine output after surgery and the operation time were also recorded.Results The volumes of autoblood removed had no significant difference between group B and group C,and no autoblood was removed in group A.The volume of blood loss in group C was significantly less than that in group A and group B (P<0.05).Six cases in group A,one case in group B and none in group C needed homologous allogeneic blood transfusion.Compared with T1,MAP,HR,CI,SVI and Hct were significantly decreased at T2-T5 (P<0.05),but all those are stable in the normal range.Compared with T1,SVV was significantly decreased at T2-T4 (P<0.05).Compared with T1,ITBVI,PaO2 and SpO2 were increased at T2-T5 (P<0.05),but all those are stable in the normal range.CI and SVI at T2 in group A was significantly lower than that in group B and C.Compared with group A and B,MAP at T4 in group C were significantly decreased and SVV at T4 in group C were significantly increased(P<0.05).Urine output,the operation time,EVLWI,HCO3-and pH in three groups had no significant difference.Conclusion Acute normovolemic hemodilution combined with controlled hypotension has an effect of saving blood in elderly patients,without any influence on the extravascular lung water and oxygenation,which can be used safely in elderly patients which they are monitored.

Aim To explore the effect of pharmacolog-ical activation of serotonin 5-HT2C receptor (5-HT2C R) on naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in morphine-de-pendent mice. Method EthoVision Noldus video tracking system was used to record the effect of 5-HT2C R agonist WAY on locomotor activities and behavioral performances in mice.Results Selective 5-HT2C R ag-onist WAY (0.5,0.75 or 1 .0 mg·kg -1 ,i.p.)a-lone did not alter the locomotor activities as determined by distance traveled and velocity (all P values >0.05).Chronic morphine treatment induced depend-ence in mice as demonstrated by increases in distance traveled,velocity and jumping behavior.WAY (0.5, 0.75 or 1 .0 mg·kg -1 ,i.p.)and clonidine (0.2 mg ·kg -1 ,i.p.)significantly ameliorated naloxone-pre-cipitated withdrawal symptoms,including burrowing, jumping,body grooming,rearing,“wet dog”shakes, head shakes,face grooming,penile grooming,scratch (all P values <0.05).Conclusion Pharmacological activation of 5-HT2C R ameliorates naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms in morphine-dependent mice.5-HT2C R may be a novel target to develop therapeutic ap-proach against morphine physical dependence,craving and relapsing.