Blood Gas Analysis ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Pneumonia ; blood ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Respiration

Objective To investigate the effect of arsenic trioxide(As_2 O_3)nanoparticles on rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro in comparison with normal form As_2 03.Methods The rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells were cultured in vitro.Nano and normal forms of As_2O_3 with drug concentrations of 3?mol/L were added into the cells.Cell proliferation curve was drawn according to the light absorption values of MTT test.Flow cytometry was applied to observe the apoptosis.DNA was extracted and underwent electrophoresis.Results Cell proliferation treated with the 3?mol/L concentration of As_2O_3 was inhibited. Cell growth was inhibited markedly with increased treatment time,and the inhibition effect of nano drug form seemed stronger than that of normal form.MTT light absorption values of cells treated at 24,48 and 72 h showed statistically significant difference(H=10.934,15.039,15.539,P

Objective: To analyze the effect of acupuncture versus hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Methods: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), China Biology Medicine Disc (CBM), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) were searched up to January 31st, 2019 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of acupuncture for POI. The primary outcome was the level of basal serum follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH). Secondary outcomes included serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Two authors extracted data independently and assessed the risk of bias and the methodological quality using the Cochrane's tool. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan version 5.3. Results: Eight eligible RCTs with a total of 496 POI patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that there was a significant reduction in the basal serum FSH level (MD=-5.82, 95％CI:-9.76 to -1.87, I2=82％, P=0.004) and a remarkable elevation in the basal E2 level (SMD=0.93, 95％CI: 0.34 to 1.52, I2=88％, P=0.002) in the acupuncture group when compared with the control. Subgroup analysis showed that compared with HRT, a significant decrease in the FSH level was observed in both acupuncture alone (MD=-4.53, 95％CI:-8.96 to -0.10, I2=73％, P=0.04) and acupuncture plus HRT (MD=-9.60, 95％CI:-17.60 to -1.61, I2=50％, P=0.02), while a remarkable elevation of E2 was only found in acupuncture plus HRT (SMD=1.43, 95％CI: 1.03 to 1.82, I2=0％, P<0.00001). There was no significant difference in the LH level between acupuncture and HRT (MD=-3.16, 95％CI:-9.41 to 3.10, I2=0％, P=0.32), only one trial reported AMH, and no significant difference was found between acupuncture and HRT. Conclusion: The present study indicated that acupuncture had an advantage over HRT in reducing serum FSH level and increasing serum E2 level in women with POI. However, evidence supporting the finding is limited due to the small sample size, potential methodological flaws and significant heterogeneity. Hence, this conclusion still needs to be verified by high-quality RCTs.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) in the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in hypoxia conditions.

METHODSThe following groups in this study were set up: control group, hypoxia group, 50 micromol/L CQ + hypoxia group, 50 micromol/L CQ group. The viability of PASMCs in every group was detected by MTT assay. Autophagic vacuoles in the cells were observed by MDC staining. Protein expression of microtubule associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) was measured by Western blot. Migration of PASMCs was detected by wound healing assay.

RESULTSCompared with control group, no effect on the viability of PASMCs was observed treated by CQ alone. In 1% hypoxia group, cell viability increased significantly compared with that in control group. The number of autophagic vacuoles and the rate of cell migration and also protein expression of LC3-II were also markedly increased. Compared with hypoxia group, addition of CQ increased the number of autophagic vacuoles and the levels of LC3-II protein, but decreased the proliferation and migration of PASMCs.

CONCLUSIONHypoxia could activates autophagy and contributes to proliferation and migration of PASMCs, and autophagy inhibitor CQ could decrease the effect of hypoxia on PASMCs through inhibiting autophagy process.

Autophagy ; drug effects ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Movement ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Chloroquine ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; drug effects ; Pulmonary Artery ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the significance of clinicopathological stage of chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis (CIMF) in WHO classification of 2001.

METHODSHistopathological analysis of bone marrow biopsy plastic-embedded sections stained with H-G-E and Gomori's stains and clinical features of 113 cases previously diagnosed as primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and 48 cases MPD-U (total of 161 cases which including male 79 and female 82) were studied retrospectively.

RESULTSThere was no significant differences on the clinical features among the cellular phase, collagen fiber phase, sclerotic phase and osteomyelosclerosis of 113 previously diagnosed patients. According to WHO classification 2001 of CIMF, previously diagnosis in 48 cases with MPD-U was WHO pre-CIMF, and in 113 cases with PMF was WHO CIMF-Fs. There were significant differences between of WHO pre-CIMF and WHO CIMF-Fs about clinicopathological features except age. The percentage of immature granulocytes, normoblasts, lymphocytes in peripheral blood, the size of hepatosplenomegaly, and the percent age of tear drop-like red blood cells in pre-CIMF were significantly lower than those in CIMF-Fs (P < 0.05). However, the number of hemoglobin and platelets in patients with pre-CIMF were significantly higher than that with CIMF-Fs (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONpre-CIMF and CIMF-Fs in clinical and histopathological features were different development stage of CIMF, while osteomyelosclerosis is a variant of CIMF, but not an independent disease.

Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Primary Myelofibrosis ; classification ; pathology ; Thrombopoiesis

OBJECTIVETo analyze the count of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacilli (LB) in different groups and the cases in dental caries. To research the synergistic effect of S. mutans and LB in the process of dental caries.

METHODS110 cases with dental caries were selected and divided according to the different degree of caries, nature and ages. To culture bacteria in the selective culture medium, then count the number of colonies. The detection rate of two kinds of bacteria in different groups, means of the bacteria count and the cariogenic cases were analyzed.

RESULTSThe means of the two bacteria count increased along with the degree of caries increased (P < 0.05), and increased in the older group (P < 0.05) and the active stage (P < 0.05). The cases of two bacteria increased with the degree of caries increased (P < 0.05), and increased in the older group (P < 0.05). But there were no significant differences in evolution period and arrested caries.

CONCLUSIONThe pathopoiesis capability of S. mutans and LB enhanced with the extent of caries increased. In the older group, their synergism role play a lead position. In evolution period and arrested caries, S. mutans and LB were difference only in quantity and their solo cariogenic potential all enhanced in active stage, but there were not correlation on pathopoiesis capability and active or stationary phase.

Bacteria ; Dental Caries ; Dental Caries Susceptibility ; Female ; Humans ; Lactobacillus ; Saliva ; Streptococcus mutans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biological characters of human skin fibroblasts in fibroblast populated collagen lattice (FPCL).

METHODSThe human fibroblasts were cultured in 3D and the collagen of the rat tail was also prepared. They were examined with the comprising cell cycle and apoptosis, mRNA expression of TGF beta1, and fibronectin, and cell morphology.

RESULTSThe flow cytometry showed that the G0/G1, stage cells were 79% +/- 3%, 87% +/- 2% after the 7 days and 14 days separately, and there were not apoptosis peak observed. RT-PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA expression of TGF beta1, and fibronectin had no difference between human skin fibroblasts cultured in 3D and 2D. Electron microscope showed the cells were plenty of chromatin and organelles.

CONCLUSIONSThe proliferation of the human skin fibroblasts in FPCL is slow, but its biological viability is better.

Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen ; Extracellular Matrix ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Humans ; Rats ; Skin ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

The plasma visfatin,endothelium-dependent artery dilation and intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries were measured in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes,obese patients and control subjects.Regional body fat were detected by MRI.The result suggested that plasma visfatin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects than those in non-obese subjects,and hypervisfatinemia is independently associated with fasting blood glucose.

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristics histologic and cytologic features and clinical usefulness of plasma cell myeloma (PCM) subtyping according to WHO PCM classification.

METHODSBone marrow biopsy plastic-embedded sections were stained with H-G-E and Gomori's stains, and bone marrow aspirate smears were stained with Wright's stain. The clinicopathologic findings were then analyzed.

RESULTSOf the 131 cases with PCM, three types of growth patterns were noted: interstitial (21 cases, 16.0%), nodular (46 cases, 35.1%) and packed (64 cases, 48.9%). Besides, there were three cytologic subtypes: mature plasma cell type (43 cases, 32.8%), immature (81 cases, 61.8%) and pleomorphic (7 cases, 5.3%) types. The age of patients with mature plasma cell type was significantly higher than that of immature type (P = 0.005); and the number of tumour cells in bone marrow smears was significantly higher than that of immature type (P = 0.003). The numbers of WBC and platelets in peripheral blood were also significantly higher than that of pleomorphic type (P = 0.024, P = 0.002, respectively). On the other hand, the number of platelets in peripheral blood of immature type was significantly higher than that of pleomorphic type (P = 0.019). Marrow fibrosis was more frequently observed in immature type than in mature plasma cell type (P = 0.000). The incidence of marrow fibrosis and osteolytic lesions was higher in high risk group than in low risk group (P = 0.000, P = 0.023 respectively). Twenty-one cases (56.8%) of the 37 cases treated with MP or MP and M2 chemotherapeutic regimens showed good response. However, there was no significant difference in treatment response and survival between different subtypes.

CONCLUSIONSEach subtype of PCM carries different clinicopathologic features in some aspects. The classification carries important value in pathologic diagnosis and probably in predicting prognosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow Examination ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; classification ; immunology ; pathology ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamic changes of oxidative stress and nuclear factor-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression in the lung tissues of acute hydrogen sulfide (H2S) intoxicated rats and intervention effects of ulinastatin (UTI).

METHODSA total of 96 SD rats of clean grade were divided randomly into four groups: normal control group (n = 8), UTI control group (n = 8), H2S -intoxicated model group (n = 40), and UTI treatment group (n = 40). The H2S-intoxicated model group and UTI treatment group were exposed to H2S (283.515 mg/m3) by inhalation for 1h, then UTI treatment group was intraperitoneally exposed to UTI at the dose of 10(5) U/kg for 2 h. H2S-intoxicated model group and UTI treatment group were sacrificed at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure, respectively. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione (GSH) in the rat lung tissues were measured. The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA in the rat lung tissues were detected. Pathological changes of rat lung tissues were observed under a light microscope and the lung injury scores were evaluated.

RESULTSCompared with control group, the pulmonary SOD, CAT and GSH levels at 2,6 and 12 h after exposure and the pulmonary GSH-Px levels at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after exposure in H2S-intoxicated model group significantly decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The levels of pulmonary MDA at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after exposure in H2S-intoxicated model group were significantly higher than those in normal control group (P < 0.01). As compared with H2S -intoxicated model group, the pulmonary GSH-Px activities at 6 and 12 h after exposure, the pulmonary CAT activities at 2, 6 and 12 h after exposure, the pulmonary GSH levels at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after exposure and the pulmonary SOD activities at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure in UTI treatment group significantly increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), the pulmonary MDA levels at 2, 6 and 12 h after exposure in UTI treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA at 2, 6, 12, 24 h after exposure in H2S-intoxicated model group were 0.314 +/- 0.011, 0.269 +/- 0.010, 0.246 +/- 0.011 and 0.221 +/- 0.018, respectively, which were significantly higher than those (0.149 +/- 0.012) in control group (P < 0.01). As compared with H2S-intoxicated model group, the expression levels (0.383 +/- 0.017, 0.377 +/- 0.014, 0.425 +/- 0.017, 0.407 +/- 0.011 and 0.381 +/- 0.010) of Nrf2 mRNA at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure in UTI treatment group significantly increased (P < 0.01). The lung injury at 24 h after exposure in H2S-intoxicated model group was higher than that in UTI treatment group. Histopathological examination showed that the scores of lung injury at 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure in UTI treatment group was significantly lower than those in H2S-intoxicated model group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONOxidative stress and Nrf2 activation may be the important factors in rat lung injury induced by H2S-intoxicated, UTI may reduce the rat lung injury and protect the rat lung from damage induced by H2S by inhibiting ROS, improving the imbalance in redox and up-regulating Nrf2 mRNA expression.

Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Animals ; Glycoproteins ; pharmacology ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley