Acupuncture Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Ventricular Premature Complexes ; therapy

Adolescent ; Altitude ; Ghrelin ; blood ; Humans ; Overweight ; blood ; Sleep

Stimulation of cardiac mAChRs by carbachol (CCh) produces a biphasic inotropic response. The mechanisms of the positive inotropic response by higher concentration of CCh appear to be paradoxical. This article was aimed to study the mechanism of the positive inotropic effect of CCh in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. The effects of CCh on L-type calcium current (I(Ca)) and Na/Ca exchange current (I(Na/Ca)) were observed in voltage-clamped guinea pig ventricular myocytes by using Axon 200A amplifier. The results showed that CCh (100 micromol/L) increased both forward mode and reverse mode I(Na/Ca) from (1.2+/-0.1) pA/pF to (2.0+/-0.3) pA/pF for forward mode (P<0.01) and from (1.3+/-0.5) pA/pF to (2.1+/-0.8) pA/pF for reverse mode (P<0.01), respectively. CCh had no effect on I(Ca). The stimulating effect of CCh on I(Na/Ca) could be blocked by application of atropine, a nonselective blocker of muscarinic receptors, which means that the stimulating effect of CCh is through the activation of muscarinic receptors. We made a further study by using methoctramine, a selective antagonist of M2 muscarinic receptors. It completely abolished I(Na/Ca) induced by 100 micromol/L CCh, indicating that the effect of CCh on I(Na/Ca) was mediated by M2 muscarinic receptors. It is generally accepted that contraction in cardiac myocytes results from elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Ca2+ enters the cells through two pathways: L-type Ca2+ channels and, less importantly, reverse mode Na/Ca exchange. The calcium influx via both pathways promotes the contraction of cardiac myocytes. Because CCh had no effect on L-type Ca2+ current, the increase in Na/Ca exchange current might be the main factor in the positive inotropism of CCh. These results suggest that the positive inotropic effect of CCh in guinea pig heart is through stimulation of Na/Ca exchange and is mediated by M2 muscarinic receptors.
Animals ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; physiology ; Carbachol ; pharmacology ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Diamines ; pharmacology ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Ventricles ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Receptor, Muscarinic M2 ; physiology ; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger ; physiology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of electrode impedance, THR/MCL values, and dynamic range (DR) in Combi 40+ cochlear implant after implantation. METHOD: A respective study was carried out collecting 20 consecutively implanted children's electrode impedances, THR/MCL values, and DR at seven time point during the first three years after implantation. Their variation and correlations were analyzed. RESULT: Overall, electrode impedances were lowest during the operation, and significantly rise to the highest at the first stimulation, then followed by a gradual decrease. After three months, electrode impedance of apical and medial cochlear segment were basically stable, while that of the basal segment was gradually increased. Dynamic range (DR) of apical and medial group electrode increased early after the operation and showed a stabilization from the second year, whereas that of basal group have a downward trend since the first year. However, the electric charge of each group increased significantly after three months, and then become stable after first year. Otherwise, a stronger negative rectilinear correlation was found between impedance changes with DR than with THR/MCL level. CONCLUSION The electrode impedances vary clue to different electrode position. Measuring the electrode impedance can effectively evaluate the working status of Combi C40+ cochlear implant. The dynamic range of the electrode was negatively correlated with the impedances, which made it possible to predict the width of the dynamic range by measuring the impedance 3 or 6 months after operation.
Auditory Threshold ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Electric Impedance ; Electrodes ; Female ; Hearing Loss ; physiopathology ; rehabilitation ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo present a new method for reduction of the prominent malar complex by using the curved osteotomy through intraoral incision.

METHODSAccording to the anatomical characteristics of the malar complex, a new curved osteotomy was designed for reduction of the prominent malar complex. This method, that made malar arch move toward backside, inside and upside, lowered the whole malar complex and gain better contour of malar area.

RESULTSFrom 2001 to 2003, 41 patients were treated with the intraoral curved osteotomy [for reduction of the prominent malar complex. All patients obtained good results.

CONCLUSIONSThrough the intraoral approach, the curved osteotomy method could lower the whole prominent malar complex and get better contour of malar area.Intraoral curved osteotomy for reduction of the prominent malar complex could be an ideal method with better face contour, simpler technique, and fewer complications.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; methods ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult ; Zygoma ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of moxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) for uterine contraction pain in labor, and evaluate the safety of the parturient and newborn.

METHODSOne hundred and seventy-four cases of singleton pregnancy and cephalic presentation primipara were single blinded and randomly divided into three groups: observation group (59 cases), placebo treated group (57 cases) and blank group (58 cases). The observation group was treated with moxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) for 30 min when the uterus cervix openning at 3 cm, the placebo treated group was treated with moxibustion at no acupoint for 30 min and the blank group was treated with routine labor nursing, the uterine contraction pain and the safety of the mother and infant were compared among three groups.

RESULTS1) The uterine contraction pain was tested by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS): the scores of VAS in the observation group were obviously decreased after 15 min and 30 min of moxibustion (both P<0.05), there were no obvious changes of the VAS scores in placebo treated group and the blank group, the scores of VAS in observation group decreased much more obviously than those in the other two groups (all P<0.05); 2) Midwife rating of the uterine contraction pain: after 30 min of moxibustion, the effective rate of labor analgesia was 69.5% (41/59) in observation group, which was higher than that of 45.6% (26/57) in placebo treated group and 43.1% (25/58) in blank group, with significant differences between them (both P<0.05); 3) The postpartum hemorrhage amount of the observation group was obviously lower than those of placebo treated group and blank group (both P<0.05); 4) The Apgar score of newborn was higher in observation group and placebo treated group than that of blank group (both P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONMoxibustion at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) can relieve the uterine contraction pain, and has no side effect to mother and infant, it is one of the safe, effective and simple non-drug analgesia methods.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Labor Pain ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Labor, Obstetric ; Moxibustion ; Pregnancy ; Treatment Outcome ; Uterine Contraction ; Young Adult

The effects of 5-(N,N-dimethyl)amiloride (DMA) (a blocker of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger or Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger) on calcium transient and cell contraction in isolated ventricular myocytes in normal rats and rats with myocardial hypertrophy were examined using ion imaging system with a charge coupled digital camera (CCD camera). Loading myocytes with Fura-2, electrically triggered Ca(2+) transients and cell shortening were measured simultaneously. The results showed that 10 micromol/L DMA increased Ca(2+) transient and cell shortening from 209.60+/-54.96 and 3.07+/-0.97 micrometer to 238.50+/-80.41 and 4.07+/-1.02 micrometer, respectively (P<0.05), which was completely abolished by application of KB-R7943, a specific reverse mode Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger blocker. After blocking L-type Ca(2+) channels by nicardipine, DMA also enhanced Ca(2+) transient and cell shortening. In rats with myocardial hypertrophy, DMA showed the common pharmacologic profile as in normal rats but more intense stimulating effects on Ca(2+) transient and cell contraction. The results suggest that DMA increase Ca(2+) transient and cell contraction via stimulating reverse mode Na(+)/ Ca(2+) exchange, and the stimulating effect is more pronounced in rats with myocardial hypertrophy than in normal ones.
Amiloride ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; drug therapy ; Heart Ventricles ; cytology ; Myocardial Contraction ; drug effects ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger ; antagonists & inhibitors ; pharmacology

AIM: To analyze the effect of calcium dobesilate combined with hypoglycemics for patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cataract, and the influence on microcirculation of eye fundus, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level. METHODS: Totally 98 DR patients with cataract (126 eyes) from January 2013 to December 2015 in our hospital were selected as the research objects, and were divided into two groups randomly(treatment group:64 eyes in 49 patients, control group: 62 eyes in 49 patients). The control group was treated with acarbose tablet and metformin, while treatment group was treated with calcium dobesilate additionally. The clinical effect, the glycemic control effect, serum HIF-1α and VEGF level, eye function and fundus microcirculation of two groups after 12mo were compared. RESULTS: After 12mo, the total effective rates of two groups were 87.5%,61.3% respectively, which indicated significantly difference (P<0.05); the vision of treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Two groups' blood glucose level decreased significantly, and no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05). After 1-month treatment, the plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation index, erythrocyte deformability index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and hematocrit in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The PSV and EDV of the posterior ciliary artery and central artery in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0. 05), and RI was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). After 12-month treatment, the HIF-1α level of two groups were 35 90士11.36mmol/L, 46.75士12.08mmol/L respectively;the VEGF of two groups level were 89.72士13.61mmol/L, 110.30士16.74mmol/L, respectively, the treatment group's HIF- 1α level and VEGF were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05), and both decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Calcium dobesilate combined with hypoglycemics can effectively increase the clinical effect in the treatment of retinopathy diabetic cataract, effectively control blood glucose, improve microcirculation of eye fundus, decrease HIF - 1α, VEGF level, inhibit angiogenesis.

OBJECTIVETo assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion for treatment of ulcerative colitis.

METHODSRandomized controlled trials or clinical controlled trials of acupuncture and moxibustion for interfere of ulcerative colitis in recent 10 years were reviewed and Meta-analysis was made for the literature results.

RESULTSAltogether 11 papers of clinical study were enrolled. Heterogeneous tests were conducted for the results of the 11 studies, as a result, chi2 = 8.55, P = 0.67. The fixed effect model was used for statistical analysis, after combination OR = 3.82, confidence interval of 95% was 2.65-5.52. The rhombus was located at the right side of the medium line. After Z test, Z = 7.14, P < 0.01, the therapeutic effect and the cured rate in the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group.

CONCLUSIONThe therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on ulcerative colitis is superior to that of western medicine with safety and less adverse reactions.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; therapy ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy of the Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Capsules worked out by Prof. Deng --in improving quality of life of CHD patients of qi deficiency with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome.

METHODAccording to the WHO's diagnosis criteria of CHD, a total of 93 stable angina patients were divided into 3 groups using the single blinded method. The groups were evenly distributed into CHD Capsule treated group (CHDC), isosorbide dinitrate control group (ID), and Compound Prescription Danshen Droplet Pills control group (CPDDP). Two courses of treatment lasting for 6 months were given. During the courses of treatment, the following parameters were observed: clinical symptoms of angina pectoris, ECG change, treadmill exercise test, 36 items in short form of health survey (SF-36) and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) scale.

RESULTSAfter 6 months of treatment, all the three groups showed good curative effect in angina pectoris, ECG and treadmill exercise test, differences between them had no statistical significance. The CHDC group showed a better result in nitro-glycerine stopping or alleviation rate and in improving symptoms than the other groups (P < 0.05). The general health, vitality, role-emotional, mental health and reported health transition in the CHDC group were significantly better than those in the control groups (P < 0.05). The scores in physiological functioning role, physiological function and pain alleviation were not different among the three groups.

CONCLUSIONProf. DENG Tie-tao's CHDC is effective in treating CHD with qi deficiency, phlegm and blood stasis and also in improving the quality of life. CHDC is more suitable to be used in long-term treatment than isosorbide dinitrate. The SF-36 and SAQ can be used to appraise the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine agents for CHD angina pectoris.

Aged ; Angina Pectoris ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Capsules ; Cardiovascular Agents ; Coronary Disease ; complications ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Isosorbide Dinitrate ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Preparations ; Quality of Life ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; Single-Blind Method ; Treatment Outcome