OBJECTIVETo study the effect of nano-SiO2 on spatial learning and memory.

METHODSTwenty-four male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (C group), low dose group (L group) and high dose group (H group). The rats were intragastrically administrated with nanometer particles at 25 and 100 mg/kg body weight every day for 4 weeks. After exposure, the ability of learning and memory of rats was tested by Morris water maze, and electrophysiological brain stereotactic method was used to test long-tear potentiation (LTP) in dentate gyrus (DG) of the rats.

RESULTSThe increase rate of body weight in H group was reduced significantly compared with C group ( P < 0.05). In the space exploration experiment of Morris water maze test, the escape latency of H group was longer than that of C group (P < 0.05). The rats of H group spent less time in finding the target quadrant (P < 0.05) . The rate of LP induction of H group was significantly lower than that of C group (P < 0.05). After high fre quency stimulation (HFS), The changes of amplitude of population spike (PS) of L group and H group were lower than those of C group significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNano-SiO₂may result in impairment of spatial learning and memory ability by reducing the rate of LTP induction and the increase of PS in hippocampus.

Animals ; Dentate Gyrus ; drug effects ; Long-Term Potentiation ; drug effects ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Nanoparticles ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Silicon Dioxide ; adverse effects ; Spatial Learning ; drug effects

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; epidemiology ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; epidemiology ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To investigate the effects of heat shock protein Gp96 on alcoholic liver fibrosis in mice. Methods A total of 220 male healthy C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into four groups; normal control group (n = 10), saline+alcohol induced liver fibrosis group (n = 70), the injection of CRISPR expression Gp96-sgRNA3 by tail vein+ alcohol induced liver fibrosis group (n = 70), the intraperitoneal injection of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) inhibitors PDTC+alcohol induced liver fibrosis group (n = 70). The blood was got from eyeballs and the mice were killed after 8 weeks of ethanol induction. We detected the activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in mice of different groups. The pathological changes were detected by HE staining, sirius red staining and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining in the liver of mice. The expression of Gp96 and transforming growth factor βl ( TGF-βl ) were detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with the normal control group, the AST enzyme activity and liver fibrosis increased significantly, glycogen decreased significantly in other three groups (P<0.01). Compared with the saline+alcohol group, the AST enzyme activity and liver fibrosis increased more significantly, glycogen decreased more significantly, Gp96 expression decreased significantly and TGF-βl expression increased significantly in Gp96-sgRNA3+ alcohol group and NF-κB inhibitors PDTC+ alcohol group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion The injection of CRISPR expression plasmid Gp96-sgRNA3 by tail vein significantly inhibited the Gp96 expression, promoted the degree of alcoholic liver fibrosis in mice, and NF-κB signaling pathway played a certain role in regulating the expression of Gp96.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of premature rupture of the membrane (PROM) on neonatal complications in premature infants.

METHODSThe registration information of 7684 preterm infants with gestational age <37 weeks were collected from the cooperative units in the task group between January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014. Specially trained personnel from each cooperative units filled in the unified form in a standardized format to record the gender, gestational age, birth weight, PROM, placental abruption, antenatal corticosteroid, Apgar score, amniotic fluid pollution, and complications of the infants. The data were analyzed comparatively between the cases with PROM and those without (control).

RESULTSThe preterm mortality rate was significantly lower but the incidences of ICH, NEC, ROP and BPD were significantly higher in PROM group than in the control group (P<0.05). The 95% confidence interval of the OR value was <1 for mortality, and was >1 for ICH, NEC, ROP and BPD. After adjustment for gestational age, birth weight, gender, mode of delivery, placental abruption, placenta previa, prenatal hormones, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational period hypertension and 5-min Apgar score <7, the incidences of NEC, ROP and BPD were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05) with 95% confidence interval of OR value >1, but the mortality rate and incidence of ICH were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONPROM is a risk factor for NEC, ROP and BPD in preterm infants, and adequate intervention of PROM can reduce the incidences of such complications as NEC, ROP and BPD in the infants.

Apgar Score ; Birth Weight ; Female ; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture ; pathology ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases ; etiology ; Infant, Premature ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors