China ; Humans ; Periodontics ; trends

Dental Scaling ; Dentistry ; manpower ; General Practice, Dental ; manpower ; Health Education, Dental ; manpower ; Humans ; Oral Hygiene ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Periodontitis ; therapy ; Toothbrushing

Aggressive Periodontitis ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Humans ; Prognosis

Volatile oil components and the contents and types of amino acid in spica of Prunella vulgaris were analysed by GC-MS and amino acid analyzer. Esters, fatty acids, aromatic hydrocarbon, ketone and several alcohol compounds were identified by mass spectrum comparison. In these ingredients, beta-ionone smelled aroma of cedar, raspberry, nerolidol showed weak sweet soft orange blossom flavor, neroli tasted sweet and fresh, nerolidol tasted sweet with light aroma of wood, hexadecanal showed a weak aroma of flowers and wax, alpha-sinensal had rich and fresh sweet orange flavor. To some extent, these types of aromatic substances can affect the taste of herbal tea or decoction made of Spica Prunellae. Among amino acids detected, natural amino acids accounted for a larger proportion, and those natural amino acids showed bitterness, slight bitterness, sourness (freshness), sweetness, slight sweetness, sourness (slight freshness). The results indicated that bitter and slightly bitter amino acids have the greatest impacts on the sense of Spica Prunellae.
Amino Acids ; analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; Prunella ; chemistry ; Taste

OBJECTIVETo observe root surfaces and analyze the mineral contents in cementum of patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP).

METHODSTen teeth were selected from RPP patients, adult periodontitis (AP) patients and healthy (H) control subjects respectively, and prepared for scanning electron microscopy (JSM-35C). The energy-dispersive X-ray analysis was used to measure the mineral contents in cementum (Ca, P, Mg).

RESULTSThe root surfaces of RPP teeth were similar to that of AP teeth. Ca: 64.60% +/- 2.29% vs 63.54% +/- 2.97%, P > 0.05; P: 32.54% +/- 1.29% vs 32.97% +/- 2.40%, P > 0.05; Mg: 2.86% +/- 1.29% vs 3.48% +/- 1.02%, P > 0.05; Ca/P: 2.00 +/- 0.17 vs 1.95 +/- 0.25, P > 0.05. There were no differences in Ca, P, Mg contents and Ca/P ratio between RPP teeth and AP teeth.

CONCLUSIONThere may not be cementoplasia in a part of RPP teeth.

Adult ; Dental Cementum ; chemistry ; ultrastructure ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Periodontitis ; pathology ; Tooth Root ; chemistry ; ultrastructure

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Nitriles ; poisoning ; Rabbits

Objective To investigate the change of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and elastase(EA) in the different stages of periodontal inflammation and to evaluate the possibility of the two proteins as saliva markers reflecting overall periodontal health status.Methods Unstimulated whole saliva were collected from 86 subjects (divided into 4 groups as healthy,gingivitis,moderate periodontitis and severe periodontitis).Fifteen patients with moderate or severe periodontitis were only given scaling and root planning(SRP).Whole saliva was collected and clinical patameters were recorded at baseline and four weeks after the treatment.SLPI concentrations were determined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems,while EA with low-molecular-weight substrate reaction.Results There were no statistical differences of SLPI concentrations among four groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).However,EA activities in moderate periodontitis and severe periodontitis groups [ 0.077 (0.060) and 0.077 (0.489 ) ] were higher than in healthy and gingivitis group [0.058(0.028) and 0.058 (0.024) ] (P ＜0.05).SLPI only showed a weak negative correlation with age ( r =- 0.301,P ＜ 0.05 ),rather than with EA or clinical parameters.In 15 patients with chronic periodontitis the mean concentration of SLPI and EA activity was 2.031 (2.449 ) μg/L and 0.075 ( 0.118 ),and both decreased significantly to 1.405 ( 0.659 ) μg/L and 0.055 (0.028) respectively 4 weeks after SRP.Conclusions After SRP,the decrease of SLPI concentration and EA activity in saliva may reflect the periodontal inflammation subsiding.SLPI in saliva was not correlated with the development of periodontal inflammation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between smoking and gingival crevicular fluid volume (GCF), level of elastase (EA) in 37 severe periodontitis patients before and after 1 month periodontal initial treatment.

METHODSThe GCF samples were collected from 122 sites in 22 heavy smokers (>or= 20 cigarettes/day) and 90 sites in 15 non-smokers before and after 1 month periodontal initial treatment. There is no difference (P > 0.05) on pocket depth between smoking sites (5.6 +/- 1.2) mm and non-smoking sites (5.4 +/- 1.2) mm at baseline. The volume of each GCF sample was measured by Periotron 6000 and the elastase in GCF were determined by substrate (meosuc-als-als-pro-val-NA) method.

RESULTSAfter non-surgical treatment both GCF volume and elastase level were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) in both smokers and non-smokers. But the decrease of GCF volume (91 sites, 74.6%) and elastase level (70 sites, 76.1%) in smokers were significant lower (P < 0.01) than non-smokers (GCF, 88 sites, 97.8%; EA, 56 sites, 93.3%).

CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that smoking has effect on gingival crevicular fluid volume and elastase level of patients with periodontitis.

Adult ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid ; enzymology ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Elastase ; analysis ; Periodontitis ; metabolism ; therapy ; Smoking ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of clinical conditions, and measure the GCF volume during the experimental gingivitis in Chinese for studying the relationship between the GCF volume and the development of gingival inflammation.

METHODS11 young male subjects with healthy gingiva, who had no systemic diseases, were selected for this study. GCF samples (18 teeth/person) were collected with strips of filter paper and the clinical parameters were recorded at the baseline (0 day), the 7th, 14th, 21st day (without oral hygiene), and 28th day (7 days after reestablishing oral hygiene) during experimental gingivitis. The GCF volume was measured by weighting.

RESULTSDuring the experimental gingivitis, all of the clinical parameters plaque index (PLI), bleeding index (BI), gingival index (GI) and probing index (PD) increased gradually following the plaque assembling, there were significant differences comparing the data of baseline with the data of afterwards without oral hygiene. On the 28th day, the data reduced to the level of baseline rapidly. The amount of GCF had the same tendency with the clinical parameters during the experimental gingivitis. There was positive correlation between the amount of GCF and clinical parameters.

CONCLUSIONThe amount of GCF can reflect the development of gingival inflammation.

Adult ; Dental Plaque ; complications ; Diet ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid ; physiology ; Gingivitis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male