Objective To investigate the current status of unintentional injuries among rural children aged 0-12 years in Shaanxi.Methods Using a three-stage stratified random sampling method to study the status of unintentional injuries among 4668 children aged 0-12 years old during the period of 2010 in rural areas of Shaanxi province.Results The overall incidence of injure was 27.3％,with boys as 28.7％ and girls as 25.6％ respectively(x2=5.91,P=0.015).Age differences in unintentional injuries rate were also significant(x2=9.91,P=0.007),with children under 0-3 years old having the highest rate of injuries,followed by 7-12 and 4-6 year-olds.Falls took the leading type of accidence among both sexes and all age groups.Poorer the family economic situation was,higher the incidence of unintentional injuries appeared.Conclusion Falls was the leading cause of unintentional injuries among rural children in Shaanxi province,with age 0-3 year group appeared the highest to suffer unintentional injuries.Unintentional injuries were associated with the economic status of the families.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the status quo of teaching behaviors of teachers in a medical university and identify the factors affecting teaching behaviors to improve the teaching quality.

METHODSAll the staff conducting direct teaching in a medical college were investigated by cross-sectional survey and case-control study. Logistic regression model was established, with the results of teaching quality as dependent variable and influential factors as independent variable. The case-control study was conducted by one-way analysis of unconditional logistic regression and logistic multivariate analysis.

RESULTSThe differences in teaching quality among 38 various teaching behaviors of the university teachers were significant. Four factors in teaching behaviors were found to influence the improvement of teaching from poor to excellent quality, 6 affecting improvement from moderate to excellent and 7 from poor to moderate.

CONCLUSIONThe critical teaching behaviors affecting teaching quality vary with different levels of teaching quality and potentials of improvement, and the closeness of the association also varies.

Case-Control Studies ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education, Medical ; standards ; Faculty, Medical ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Quality Control ; Staff Development ; methods ; standards ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teaching ; standards

Accidents ; statistics & numerical data ; Causality ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Rural Population ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology

Objective: To analyze the effect of breakfast nutrition quality on the satiety among young white-collar workers. Methods: A total of 278 subjects were recruited from two cities, Shenyang and Chongqing, in June 2015. The inclusion criteria: white-collar workers aged 25-45 years involved mainly in office work, who did not experience major changes, and individuals who should follow the study protocol and sign the informed consent form. The study employed a three-phase crossover design trial. Each participant received nutritional-adequate breakfast, nutritional-inadequate breakfast, and no breakfast treatment on the basis of assignment to one of three sequences. The breakfast time was once a week and then changed, all participants underwent the tests for three successive weeks. At last, we compared the effect of participants to consume different nutritional quality on satiety sense and hunger sense. Results: A total of 232 participants completed three successive breakfast intervention studies, the age of participants was (35.2 ± 7.9) years, comprised of 48.7% male (n=113). The numbers of participants of aged 25-35 year-old and aged 36-45 were 118 and 114, respectively. Satiety scores of nutrition-adequate breakfast group, nutrition-inadequate breakfast group and no breakfast group were 63.5±14.7, 53.1±10.2 and 36.4±7.2, respectively (P<0.05). In nutrition-inadequate breakfast group and no breakfast group, male subjects scored significantly higher than female subjects (50.9±10.5 vs 46.6±9.4, 35.2±8.3 vs 31.8±5.4) (P<0.05). And, participants aged 25-35 year-old. got satiety score significantly higher than aged 36-45 (51.3±11.0 vs 45.6±12.1, 34.1±6.8 vs 32.5±7.9), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The scores of hunger in the group of nutrition-adequate breakfast, nutrition-inadequate breakfast and no breakfast were 26.3 ± 8.0, 35.1 ± 11.2 and 57.3 ± 17.0, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion The nutrition quality of breakfast affects the satiety of young white-collar workers. The better the nutrition quality of breakfast is, the higher the satiety score and the lower the hunger score become. Compared with women and participants aged 36-45 year-old, men and those aged 25-35 year-old get satiety sense more easily.

Taking the genome DNA of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus (IBRV) as the template, the gG gene was amplified with PCR and cloned into the T cloning vector pMD18-T. After being identified by restriction digestion and DNA sequencing, the insert was subcloned into the expression vector pGEX-KG. Sodium docecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot assay showed that this gene was expressed as both soluble form and inclusion body by the transformed E. coli BL21 strain (DE3). The fusion protein was purified and used as the coating antigen to develop the indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Comparison between this gG-ELISA and commercial IBRV gB-ELISA Kit (IDEXX) was made in the detection of 380 cow serum samples. The results demonstrated an agreement of 92%. By using this novel gG-ELISA, 1248 cow serum samples were tested and the average positive rate of IBRV antibodies for imported cows is 21.7%, while the positive rate ranged greatly from 0.0%-41.5% for Hubei local Chinese Black and White Dairy Cows.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; immunology ; Antigens, Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; Cattle ; Cloning, Molecular ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Herpesvirus 1, Bovine ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viral Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the sensitivity of imatinib mesylate (IM) on Sup-B15 Ph⁺ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells knockdown of VE-cadherin (CD144), and to further explore its mechanism.

METHODSCD144 in Sup-B15 leukemia cells was stably knock downed via lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (named as Sup-B15/shVEC). The inhibitory effects of IM on Sup-B15/shVEC and Sup-B15 leukemia cells were measured by CCK-8 test, and the apoptosis of those cells was determined by AnnexinV/7-AAD dyeing using flow cytometry, the percentage of CD34⁺CD38⁻ leukemia cells also by flow cytometry. ALDH1 mRNA levels were detected by real-time RT-PCR, and protein levels of CD144, CD133, Bcr-abl and β-catenin by Western blot.

RESULTSIM treatment presented inhibitory effects on Sup-B15/shVEC and Sup-B15 leukemia cells at multiple concentrations of IM. The IC50 of IM on Sup-B15/shVEC and Sup-B15 leukemia cells were 25.1μmol/L and 18.7μmol/L, respectively (P<0.05). After 48h of 20 μmol/L IM treatment, the percentages of apoptosis cell in Sup-B15/shVEC cells and Sup-B15 cell were (13.52±2.06)% and (3.03±0.72) %, respectively (P<0.05). The percentage of CD34⁺CD38⁻ cells in Sup-B15 cells was significantly higher than in Sup-B15/shVEC cells [(2.39±0.28)% vs (0.96±0.07)%, P<0.05). As compared to Sup-B15 cells, the transcription of ALDH1 in Sup-B15/shVEC was remarkably downregulated, and the CD133 protein level was also downregulated in Sup-B15/shVEC cells. Both cytoplasmic and nucleic β-catenin protein levels (but not for Bcr-abl levels) decreased in Sup-B15/shVEC cells as compare to Sup-B15 cells.

CONCLUSIONKnockdown of CD144 sensitized Sup-B15 Ph+ ALL cells to IM. The possible mechanisms underlying this phenomenon might be via inhibiting β-catenin nucleic translocation and facilitating β-catenin degradation.

Antigens, CD ; genetics ; Benzamides ; pharmacology ; Cadherins ; genetics ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Piperazines ; pharmacology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pyrimidines ; pharmacology ; RNA Interference ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

This study was aimed to investigate the cardiovascular function in rats with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the potential association with the activities of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and the medial habenular nucleus (MHb). Multi-channel in vivo recordings were used to simultaneously acquire spontaneous neuronal firing and peripheral physiological indices, and FluoroGold (FG) retrograde tracing technique was used to observe the projections of labeled neurons in the MHb. The results showed that the discharge frequency of RVLM and MHb neurons, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), and the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the PTSD group were all increased significantly compared with those in control group (P < 0.05). MHb neurons were retrogradely labeled by FG through microinjection (4% FG, 0.5 μL) into the RVLM. In the control group, electrical stimulation in the MHb increased heart rate (HR) at 100-300 μA (P < 0.05), elevated SBP and MAP at 200-300 μA (P < 0.05), and remarkably increased the RVLM neuronal discharge frequency at 100-500 μA (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In the PTSD group, however, only the discharge frequency of RVLM neurons was increased by the electrical stimulation at 100-300 μA (P < 0.05). These results suggest that cardiovascular activities of the PTSD model rat are enhanced, and this change may be related to the activity changes of RVLM and MHb and the potential connection between the two nuclei.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Medulla Oblongata ; Neurons ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacies of endovascular aortic repair(EVAR)and open surgical repair(OSR)for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm(rAAA).

METHODSThe clinical data of 28 rAAA patients undergoing emergent treatment between February 2002 and February 2013 in PUMC Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Among them 13 cases were treated by EVAR and 15 cases by OSR.

RESULTSBefore the surgery,the general conditions,comorbidities,and hemodynamics were not significantly different between these two groups(all P>0.05),although the EVAR group had significantly higher mean age than OSR group(P=0.041). In the perioperative period,the EVAR group showed significantly lower 30-day mortality(P=0.044),less blood loss(P=0.005),less blood transfusion(P=0.003),less infusion quantity(P=0.000),shorter length of procedure(P=0.001),and shorter hospital stay(P=0.020). Also,the EVAR group had no severe perioperative complications and showed superior 1-year follow up survival(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEVAR is an effective treatment for rAAA and can improve the clinical outcomes. EVAR may be adopted as the first-line treatment for rAAA,especially for the aged.

Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; surgery ; Aortic Rupture ; surgery ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of RITA, a small molecule that targets p53, combined with temozolomide (TMZ) on proliferation, colony formation and apoptosis of human glioblastoma U87 cells and explore the underlying mechanism.

METHODSCultured U87 cells were treated with RITA (1, 5, 10, 20 µmol/L), TMZ, or RITA+TMZ (half dose) for 24, 48 or 72 h. MTS assay were used to detect the cell proliferation, and the cell proliferation rate and inhibitory rate were calculated. The effect of combined treatments was evaluated by the q value. The expressions of p53, p21 and other apoptosis-associated genes were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting; cell apoptosis was assayed using flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double staining; colony formation of the cells was detected with crystal violet staining.

RESULTSMTS assay showed that RITA at the 4 doses more potently inhibited U87 cell viability than TMZ at 72 h (P=0.000) with inhibitory rates of 25.94%-41.38% and 3.84%-8.20%, respectively. RITA combined with TMZ caused a more significant inhibition of U87 cells (29.21%-52.11%) than RITA (P<0.01) and TMZ (P=0.000) alone. At the doses above 5 µmol/L, the combined treatments with RITA+TMZ for 48 h resulted in q values exceeding 1.2 and showed an obvious synergistic effect of the drugs. Both RITA and TMZ, especially the latter, significantly increased the expressions of p53, p21, puma, and other apoptosis-associated genes to accelerate apoptosis and inhibit the growth and colony formation of U87 cells, and the effect was more obvious with a combined treatment.

CONCLUSIONRITA inhibits the growth of human glioblastoma cells and enhance their sensitivity to TMZ by up-regulating p53 expression, and when combined, RITA and TMZ show a synergistic effect to cause a stronger cell inhibition.

Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; Dacarbazine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Furans ; pharmacology ; Glioblastoma ; drug therapy ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and bacterial artificial chromosome FISH (BAC-FISH) for the diagnosis for patients with marker chromosomes.

METHODSSixteen patients with marker chromosomes were analyzed with technologies including GTG-banding, Q-banding, multiplex FISH and BAC-FISH.

RESULTSThe marker chromosomes in the 16 patients were verified as der(Y) (2 cases), psu dic(Y) (1 case), psu dic(15) (1 case), dic(15) (1 case), del(Y) (1 case), r(X) (5 cases), i(14 or 22) (2 cases), i(18) (1 case).

CONCLUSIONFISH and BAC-FISH can both verify the origin of marker chromosomes and provide accurate information for the diagnosis and treatment of patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Genetic Markers ; genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Male ; Young Adult