Objective To study the effect of cardiac troponin T(cTnT)on the prognosis of chronic heart failure in the elderly patients.Methods Serum level of cTnT,and serum activities of creatine kinase (CK)and creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB)were measured in 60 elderly patients of chronic heart failure with varied classes of cardiac function.Cardiac events,including malignant cardiac arrhythemia,repeated or aggravated heart failure or cardiac death,in patients with increased cTnT during hospitalization were compared to those without it.Results Serum level averaged(89.1?13.6)mmol/L for CK and(7.9? 1.4)mmol/L for CK-MB in 20 patients with Class Ⅱ cardiac function by New York Heart Association (NYHA)classification and without increased cTnT,(88.2?13.4)mmol/L for CK and(7.5?1.8) mmol/L for CK-MB in 19 patients with Class Ⅲ cardiac function and four of them with increased cTnT,and (93.3?14.2)mmol/L for CK and(8.1?1.6)mmol/L for CK-MB in 21 patients with Class Ⅳ cardiac function and 14 of them with increased cTnT.Malignant cardiac arrhythemia occurred in six,repeated heart failure in eight,and death in three of 18 patients with increased cTnT,and one,two and one in 22 patients without increased cTnT,respectively.Incidence of cardiac events was higher in patients with increased cTnT than those without it(P

Acute Disease ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Nitriles ; poisoning ; Rabbits

In this study, the buffering capacity of amphiphilic pH-sensitivity copolymer poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-cholesteryl methyl carbonate (PEOZ-CHMC) was evaluated. The ammonium sulfate gradient method was used to prepare doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX x HCl)-loaded liposomes (DOX-L), and then the post-insertion method was used to prepare PEOZ-CHMC and polyethylene glycol-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PEG-DSPE) modified DOX x HCl-loaded liposomes (PEOZ-DOX-L and PEG-DOX-L). The physico-chemical properties, in vitro drugs release behavior, cellular toxicity and intracellular delivery of liposomes were evaluated, separately. The results showed that PEOZ-CHMC has a satisfactory buffering capacity. The sephadex G-50 column centrifugation method and dynamic light scattering were used to determine the encapsulation efficiency (EE) and particle size of liposomes. The EE and particle size of DOX-L were (97.3 ± 1.4) % and 120 nm, respectively, and the addition of PEOZ-CHMC or PEG-DSPE had no influence on EE and particle size. The zeta potentials of three kinds of liposomes were negative. The release behavior of various DOX liposomes in vitro was investigated by dialysis method. In phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.4, DOX x HCl was released from PEOZ-DOX-L in a sustained manner. While in PBS at pH 5.0, the release rate of DOX x HCl from PEOZ-DOX-L increased significantly, which suggested DOX x HCl was released from PEOZ-DOX-L in a pH-dependent manner. The intracellular delivery of liposomes was investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The CLSM images indicated that PEOZ-DOX-L showed efficient intracellular trafficking including endosomal escape and release DOX x HCl into nucleus, as well as the DOX-L and PEG-DOX-L had no this effect. The cytotoxicity of liposomes against MCF-7 cells was detected by using MTT assay. The results showed that antiproliferative effects of PEOZ-DOX-L enhanced with pH value decreased, whereas DOX-L and PEG-DOX-L did not have any significant difference in inhibitions at different pH conditions. Therefore, the problems of the inhibition of cellular uptake of liposomes and the failed endosomal escape of pH-sensitive liposomes by PEG chain can be overcome by the pH-sensitive liposomes constructed by PEOZ-CHMC.
Cell Nucleus ; Doxorubicin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Endosomes ; Formates ; chemistry ; Humans ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; MCF-7 Cells ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylethanolamines ; Polyamines ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry

A new hasubanan alkaloid, hernsubanine E (1), as well as two known compounds p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2) and (-)-syringaresinol (3) have been isolated from the whole plants of Stephania hernandifolia by various column chromatographic methods. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. Compounds 2 and 3 were isolated from the genus of Stephania for the first time.
Alkaloids ; chemistry ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Stephania ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo measure the width of keratinized gingiva and attached gingiva of anterior dental arch in order to establish reference guidance for periodontal surgery.

METHODSA total of 120 healthy Chinese Han-nationality volunteers aged 20 - 30 years with healthy gingival tissue were recruited. The width of anterior labial dental arch, keratinized gingiva of gingival zenith, depth of gingival sulcus, and the width of coronal-apical keratinized gingiva of interdental papilla were measured respectively and the data were statistically analyzed.

RESULTSThe width of keratinized gingiva and attached gingiva at gingival zenith varied for each individual and tooth location, ranging up to (5.6 ± 1.3) mm in the anterior maxillary region and (4.5 ± 1.1) mm in the anterior submandibular region. The width decreased over the canine and first premolar and increased slightly over the second premolar. The width of keratinized gingiva at interdental papilla ranged from (6.2 ± 1.3) mm to (8.9 ± 1.4) mm in the maxilla and from (5.8 ± 1.0) mm to (7.6 ± 0.9) mm in the mandible. The narrowest width of keratinized gingiva at interdental papilla was located over central incisors.

CONCLUSIONSThere is a variation of width on labial keratinized gingiva of anterior dental arch of Han nationality youth among different individuals and tooth locations.

Adult ; China ; Dental Arch ; anatomy & histology ; Ethnic Groups ; Gingiva ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Incisor ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in oral cavity and the Hp infection in stomach.

METHODS102 patients with gastric Hp infection and periodontitis were enrolled in this study. DNA was extracted from subgingival plaques, mouthwashes and stomach mucosa samples by using the glass-milk (SiO2) purification method. To identify the presence of Hp in these samples, PCR (polymerase chain reaction) was carried out, and two pairs of oligonucleotide primer were used to amplify a portion of gene urease C and gene cag A of Hp.

RESULTSThe rate of Hp detected in oral cavity was significantly higher in patients with positive Hp in stomach (43.1%, n=58) than in those with negative Hp in stomach (22.7%, n=44, P<0.05). After the treatment for gastric Hp infection for 4 weeks, the eradication rate of Hp in stomach was lower, but only slightly in patients with positive oral Hp (16/25, 64%) than in those with negative oral Hp (24/33, 72.7%). However, this difference became apparent (36.0% vs 63.6%, P<0.05) after one year of the treatment.

CONCLUSIONSThe effectiveness of the eradication therapy for gastric Hp infection is affected by the presence of Hp in oral cavity. Oral colonization of Hp may imply that there is a risk of the relapses of gastric and duodenal Hp infection and ulcer after the antibiotics treatment for the eradication of Hp.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Helicobacter pylori ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth ; microbiology ; Recurrence ; Stomach ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical results of non-surgical periodontal treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis in a Chinese population.

METHODSNineteen patients aged (24. 5 +/- 4.1) years with generalized aggressive periodontitis were included in this prospective study. All subjects received scaling and root planing and were clinically monitored every 2 months for 6 months. The clinical parameters, including probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), attachment loss (AL) and mobility, furcation involvement of molars were recorded at baseline, 2, 4 and 6 months after treatment. White blood cells, neutrophil percentage, triglyceride of 7 patients were detected at baseline and 6 months after treatment.

RESULTSAt baseline, the mean PD of patients was (5.1 +/- 2.1) mm, the percentage of BOP positive sites was 98.0% and mean AL was (3.9 +/- 1.9) mm. At 6 months after treatment, the mean pocket depth reduction was 2.0 mm, the percentage of BOP positive sites reduced to 11.9% and 0.6 mm attachment level was gained. Incisors showed greater PD reduction than molars, the baseline PD had predictive effect on PD reduction, deep sites showed greater PD reduction than shallow sites. There was a statistically significant decrease of neutrophil percentage at 6 months after treatment [(65.7 +/- 9.9)% vs. (55.4 +/- 9.3)%, P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONSNon-surgical treatment is effective for the generalized aggressive periodontitis and every 2 months SPT is necessary for maintenance. Further surgical treatment or repeated SRP is recommended for molars.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aggressive Periodontitis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the accuracy of probing depth measurements of undergraduate students in department of periodontology and analyze the cause of measurement errors.

METHODSThirty-eight dental students from Peking Universty School and Hospital of Stomatology who began their periodontal clinical practice for the first time were recruited. According to principle of clinical teaching, after the students recorded the probing depth of 1-2 periodontitis patients using Williams periodontol probe, an experienced teacher checked the probing depth. The measurements of interproximal sites of Ramfjord index teeth (6 14 41 6) were used as the data of this study. According to the probing depth discrepancies between teacher and the students, all the probing sites were divided in three levels: absolutely consistent sites (probing depth measured by teacher and by student was completely consistent), almost consistent sites (the depth discrepancy between teacher and student was 1 mm), inconsistent sites (the depth discrepancies between teacher and student ≥ 2 mm).

RESULTSThe accuracy of probing depth measurements of students decreased with the deepening of probing depth, and the accuracy of probing depth measurements in molar teeth was significantly lower than incisor teeth [58.8% (261/444) vs.73.1% (339/464), P < 0.01]. The main factor associated with the accuracy of probing depth measurements in interproximal sites was the probe's inability to get into gingival col, which accounted for 70.7% (87/123) of the total inconsistent sites.

CONCLUSIONSThe correct angle of insertion of the probe in interproximal sites should be reinforced during the course of pre-clinical education of periodontal probing. More attention should be paid to check the probing depth of deep pockets and molar teeth during the clinical practice of undergraduate students.

Bicuspid ; pathology ; Chronic Periodontitis ; pathology ; Clinical Competence ; Dental Instruments ; Humans ; Incisor ; pathology ; Molar ; pathology ; Periodontal Index ; Periodontal Pocket ; pathology ; Students, Dental

OBJECTIVETo compare the incidence of emotional disorder in patients with acute or stable coronary heart disease.

METHODSA total of 298 patients with suspected coronary heart disease (CHD) were designed into three groups based on of coronary angiography results: acute coronary syndrome (ACS, n = 128), stable angina pectoris (SAP, n = 108) and non-CHD (n = 62). All patients were evaluated by Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HRSD) for depression and anxiety before coronary angiography (CAG), 3 days after CAG, and 1 day before discharge.

RESULTSIncidences of depression and anxiety were significantly higher the ACS group (65.6%and 78.9% before CAG; 60.9% and 70.3% 3 days post CAG; 45.3%and 64.8% before discharge) compared patients with SAP (18.5% and 26.9% before CAG; 17.6% and 28.7% 3 days post CAG; 15.7% and 26.9% before discharge, all P < 0.05 vs. ACS) and non-CHD patients (32.3% and 25.8% before CAG; 27.4% and 24.2% 3 days post CAG; 29.0% and 30.6% before discharge, all P < 0.05 vs. ACS) while the depression and anxiety incidences were similar between patients with SAP and non-CHD in this cohort (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEmotional disorder is common in patients with suspected heart diseases, especially in patients with ACS. Psychological distress of patients with suspected heart disease should be evaluated and treated.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; psychology ; Adult ; Aged ; Anxiety Disorders ; etiology ; Coronary Disease ; psychology ; Depressive Disorder ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the optimal glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) cut off points and evaluate the impact of HbA1c on diabetes and pre-diabetes in middle-aged and elderly population.

METHODSSubjects were recruited from Shanghai Changfeng Study. A total of 1973 community-based participants (age ⋝45) without known diabetes underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) by using a 75-g oral glucose load and HbA1c was measured by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Subjects were classified as normal glucose tolerance (NGT), pre-diabetes(impaired glucose regulation, IGR) and new diagnosed diabetes (NDD) per 1999 WHO criteria. Two tests are compared with receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).

RESULTSAmong 1973 subjects, 271 (13.7%) were diagnosed as NDD and 474 (24.0%) as IGR by using OGTT. HbA1c was 5.7%±0.7% in this population. Use of 6.5% as the HbA1C cutoff point has sensitivity of 38.7% and specificity of 98.5%. We recommend 6.0% as a better cutoff value for diagnosis of diabetes in this population (AUC 0.829, 95% CI 0.798-0.860, P<0.001) with its sensitivity and specificity as 66.1% and 86.8%. For IGR, the results showed low sensitivity (44.9%) and specificity (66.7%) with an AUC of 0.571 for HbA1c when 5.8% was used as the cutoff point. Participants detected with HbA1c⋝6.0% were associated with nearly the same metabolic characteristics, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, lipid profile and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR) compared with diabetic subjects detected by OGTT.

CONCLUSIONThe optimum HbA1c cutoff point for diabetes in our study population was lower than ADA criteria, and HbA1c may not be used to identify IGR.

Aged ; China ; Diabetes Mellitus ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prediabetic State ; diagnosis ; metabolism