1.Mechanism of miR-206 on inflammation,analgesia and autophagy related proteins in nucleus pulposus of rats with lumbar disc herniation
Mei WANG ; Na SUO ; Huan YU ; Jianbo YANG
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research 2024;28(11):1712-1718
BACKGROUND:Pain mechanisms in patients with lumbar disc herniation are associated with inflammation,autophagy is closely related to intervertebral disc diseases and inflammatory response,and aberrant miR-206 expression can trigger skeletal diseases. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism of miR-206 on inflammation,analgesia and autophagy related proteins in nucleus pulposus in rats with lumbar disc herniation. METHODS:Sixty SPF male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,miR-206 mimics-NC group,miR-206 mimics group,miR-206 inhibitor-NC group and miR-206 inhibitor group.Animal models of lumbar disc herniation were established except for the control group.Ten days after modeling,miR-206 mimics-NC group,miR-206 mimics group,miR-206 inhibitor-NC group and miR-206 inhibitor group were injected with miR-206 mimics-NC(20 μmol/L,10 μL),miR-206 mimics(20 μmol/L,10 μL),miR-206 inhibitor-NC(20 μmol/L,10 μL)and miR-206 inhibitor(20 μmol/L,10 μL),respectively.Administration was given once a day for 4 continuous days.The control group and model group were injected with the same dose of normal saline.The paw withdrawal mechanical threshold of bilateral hind feet was measured by Von Frey filaments,and the paw withdrawal thermal latency of bilateral hind feet was measured by heat pain tester.The morphology of dorsal root ganglia was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.The expressions of inflammatory factors phospholipase A2,cyclooxygenase 2,prostaglandin E2,tumor necrosis factor α,and interleukin 1β in nucleus pulposus were detected by qPCR.The expressions of autophagy-related proteins LC3I and Beclin-1 were detected by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 3,7,and 14 days after modeling,the paw withdrawal mechanical threshold and paw withdrawal thermal latency were both decreased in the model group compared with the control group,while the levels of phospholipase A2,cyclooxygenase 2,prostaglandin E2,tumor necrosis factor α,interleukin 1β,LC3I and Beclin-1 increased(P<0.05).The above indexes showed no significant changes in the miR-206 inhibitor-NC group and miR-206 mimics-NC group compared with the model group(P>0.05).Compared with the miR-206 mimics-NC group,the miR-206 mimics group had lower paw withdrawal mechanical threshold and paw withdrawal thermal latency and higher levels of phospholipase A2,cyclooxygenase 2,prostaglandin E2,tumor necrosis factor α,interleukin 1β,LC3I,and Beclin-1 levels(P<0.05).Compared with the miR-206 inhibitor-NC group,the rats in the miR-206 inhibitor group showed opposite changes in the above indicators,and there were significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05).To conclude,inhibition of miR-206 can significantly improve the level of inflammatory factors in nucleus pulposus of rats with lumbar disc herniation,increase pain threshold,and reduce autophagy.The mechanism is related to the inhibition of LC3I and Beclin-1 expression.
2.Estimation and prediction of the epidemic situation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Jiangsu province.
Na LEI ; Zhi-hang PENG ; Xi-ping HUAN ; Xin CHEN ; Rong-bin YU ; Hai-tao YANG
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2010;44(11):1012-1017
OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to estimate and predict the AIDS epidemic situation in Jiangsu province by using a software named Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) and then to provide accurate information for making control plans and conducting interventions.
METHODSDate were obtained from the comprehensively monitored sentinels of AIDS and venereal diseases (Data were from 28 national monitored stations and 52 provincial stations. From 2003 to 2009, a total of 10 730 000 people had been monitored) as well as project survey and laboratory tests. EPP epidemic model was employed to analyze the prevalence and to predict future epidemic situations.
RESULTSA total of 830 000 and 1 020 000 people were monitored in 2003 and 2004 respectively, and 8 880 000 more people were monitored in the following 5 years. By the end of 2009, a total of 4103 HIV infection cases had been reported, among which 918 people were diagnosed with AIDS and 432 died. Since 2003, the cases infected through IDU had decreased from 66.84% (262/392) to 16.40% (142/868). However, the cases infected through sex contact had increased from 21.68% (85/392) to 77.40% (672/868). Among these cases, homosexual transmission and heterosexual transmission accounted for 39.10% (339/868) and 38.30% (333/868) respectively. It was estimated that there would be 14 290 HIV/AIDS cases in 2011 which is 18.10% (2191/12 099) higher than that in 2009. The estimated HIV infection rate would be 0.02%.
CONCLUSIONEPP prediction showed the AIDS epidemic situation in Jiangsu province had an ascendant trend and the AIDS epidemic situation had demonstrated rapid growth. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective preventive measures to control the spread of AIDS.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; China ; epidemiology ; Epidemics ; statistics & numerical data ; Forecasting ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Software ; Statistics as Topic
3.Study on diet, physical activities and body mass index in Chinese population in 2002.
Gong-huan YANG ; Jie-min MA ; Na LIU ; Ai-ping CHEN
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2005;26(4):246-251
OBJECTIVETo describe the prevalence of behavior on diet, physical activities and body mass index (BMI) in different populations related to factors as education, occupation and geographical distribution.
METHODSIndicators including frequency of taking different foods, intake of cooking oil/fast foods, intensities of physical activities at work, proportion of taking physical exercises during the day, sedentary life style and BMI were calculated based on results from 17 questions of behavior risk factors surveillance (BRFS) questionnaire by weight on age structures from 2000 census.
RESULTSSeventy percentage of the people took vegetable and 40 percent took fruits 5-7 days per week, and over 50 percent of them ate pork/beef/mutton but few of them ate beans and eggs. 25 percent of the people ate chicken/duck/fish/and shrimps 5-7 times per week but another 40 percent ate them only less then once per week. 70% of the people almost never drank milk or milk-products. 15 percent of them consumed sweet and greasy foods 3-7 days per week and 30 percent of them ate smoked food 3-7 days per week in the past 30 days. The proportions of food intake were different under different geographical regions, education levels and occupations. 11.7% of the sample population cooked mainly with animal oil, and 33% of the students had ever been to McDonald's. 11.7%, 20.5%, 44.7% and 23.0% of the subjects engaged in sedentary, light, moderate or heavy physical activities respectively. 18.04% of the subjects took part in physical exercises with different proportions by gender, occupation, education and geographical settings. 8.3% people were slim which was defined as having BMI lower than 18.5 kg/m(2). 68.0% of the people had a BMI as 18.5-23.9 kg/m(2). 23.7% of the subjects were being overweight which was defined as having BMI greater than 24 kg/m(2), among which 8.5% people with a BMI of 24-24.9 kg/m(2).
CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of overweight and obesity will increase in the next 20-30 years, with the habits of taking more foods with high fat and energy but with less physical activities and keeping the idea as "fattier makes happier". Priorities should be given to changing the diet habit, avoiding over-intake of high fat and high energy plus increasing physical activities through publicity of knowledge on health, policy enforcement and development of supportive environment.
Adult ; Body Mass Index ; China ; Diet Surveys ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Activity ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires
4.Smoking and passive smoking in Chinese, 2002.
Gong-huan YANG ; Jie-min MA ; Na LIU ; Ling-ni ZHOU
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2005;26(2):77-83
OBJECTIVETo describe the prevalence of smoking, quitting smoke, and passive smoking in different populations by education status, occupation and geographic distribution.
METHODSSurveillance on risk behaviors in 145 disease surveillance points (DSP) was carried out in 2002 by multi-steps random sampling through questionnaires. 16,407 records had been completed with 16 056 used for analysis. Indicators as smoking, current smoking, average cigarettes smoked and the cost per day, etc., were calculated by weight on age proportions from the 2000 census.
RESULTSEver-smoking rates in males and females aged 15 and over were 66.0% and 3.1%, respectively with ever-smoking rate dropped 1.8% in whole population, but increased in people aged 15-24. The number of total smokers was about 350 million, 30 million more than that in 1996. There were no obvious geographic differences seen among male, but big difference was seen in female smokers. Higher smoking rates were seen in the northeast and northern parts of the country. Rate of quitting smoking was increasing, from 9.42% in 1996 to 11.5% in 2002, referring to an increase of 10 million quitters. However, the rate of no intention to quit among smokers was still very high--74%. The average cigarettes consumption per person-day was the same as that in 1996--14.8 cigarettes/day, which cost 2.73 RBM/day. The cost was various in different groups of population with a 15 times difference. The level of exposure for passive smokers was not improved. The prevalence of passive smoking in nonsmokers were 53% in 1996 and 52% in 2002. Knowledge on smoking and health condition in population had been greatly improved, but still poor in the western areas. 60% of the people claimed in supporting banning of smoking in public places, 45% supporting the banning of all cigarettes ads, but big difference was seen in different geographic areas.
CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of smoking in Chinese males had reached its peak, leveling but had not yet obvious dropped. Communication on the knowledge of harm in smoking remained weak since people did not understand or support the strategies on tobacco control, especially in the western areas. Data indicated that the prevalence of tobacco use would not decrease over in short period and the disease burden caused by tobacco use would still be heavy in the next 30-50 years. The government and public health authorities should develop effective tobacco control in no time to decrease disease burden caused by smoking and passive smoking.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Attitude to Health ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Smoking ; epidemiology ; Smoking Cessation ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; statistics & numerical data ; Tobacco Use Disorder
5.Injury associated health risk factors in Chinese people, in 2002.
Na LIU ; Gong-huan YANG ; Jie-min MA ; Ai-ping CHEN
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2005;26(10):746-750
OBJECTIVETo describe the prevalence of injury associated health risk factors, especially traffic accident/suicide-associated health risk factors in different populations by education, occupation and districts.
METHODSThe indicators on traffic peccancy behavior and protective measures, storage of pesticide and micecide were calculated based on results from 13 questions of BRFS questionnaire by weight on age structures from 2000 census.
RESULTS36.7% pedestrians reported that they had traffic peccancy behavior in the past 30 days with 3.67% as always, 11.3% as sometimes and 21.7% as seldom. 30.3% bicycle riders reported that they had traffic peccancy behavior in the past 30 days. There were 13.2%, 11.4% and 16.9% auto-drivers reported ever having drunken driving, tired driving or driving without license. 7.7% drivers and riders always wore a safety belt. 19.1% motorcycle drivers and riders reported that they wore a crash helmet while riding. The traffic peccancy behavior in males, in rural area was more serious than in females and in urban areas. There were more families preserving pesticide and micecide in rural than in urban areas. 10% of these families did not have a good storage.
CONCLUSIONThe traffic peccancy behavior was very serious, but the protective measures were not well conducted in China. The storage of pesticide and micecide was unsatifactory. The awareness on safety was insufficient in the general population, suggesting that it is of urgent importance to change people's improper behaviors through health education. It is also important to develop regulations to create supportive environment in reducing the deaths caused by injury.
Accidents, Traffic ; statistics & numerical data ; Adult ; Animals ; China ; Female ; Head Protective Devices ; Health ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motorcycles ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Risk Factors ; Rodenticides ; poisoning ; Seat Belts ; Suicide ; statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Wounds and Injuries ; etiology ; Young Adult
6.Study on knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding infectious diseases among Chinese people in 2002.
Jie-min MA ; Na LIU ; Ai-ping CHEN ; Gong-huan YANG
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2005;26(6):389-393
OBJECTIVETo describe knowledge, attitudes and behaviors on infectious diseases in different Chinese populations by their education levels, occupation and residential districts.
METHODSData regarding awareness of the transmission routes and prevention strategies on hepatitis, sexually transmitted diseases (STD), acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and prevalence rates on a) self-reported STD b) seeking treatment for STD c) source of knowledge on AIDS prevention, were calculated based on results from 17 questions of BRFS questionnaire by weight on age structures from 2000 census.
RESULTSMost people realized that hepatitis, STD and AIDS were important issues in public health. However, their awareness on the transmission routes of these diseases was not satisfied. Moreover, due to the fear of these diseases, 27.6% and 30.1% of the people studied thought that shaking hands with STD patients and HIV carriers could get infected. 9.9% of the people reported that they ever used a condom during the past year. 2.2/1000 of the people reported that they had ever suffered from STD during the past 5 years, with 3.4/1000 in males, 0.9/1000 in females, 4.2/1000 in urban population and 1.6/1000 in rural population. Among these STD patients, 75.0% of them reported that they had ever received treatment in a STD clinic including 38.2% of them reporting that they had ever received treatment in private clinics without license, and 6.7% of them reported that they had ever treated by drugs bought by themselves. 47.0% of people reported that they had received health education materials or information on AIDS prevention from medical workers or through media. 12.1% of the people had been informed that condom use could prevent from STD and AIDS transmission.
CONCLUSIONThe awareness on hepatitis, STD and AIDS was quite insufficient in the Chinese general population, especially in rural and western part of China. With the development of AIDS epidemic from people with high risk behavior to the general population, China will undertake tremendous disease burdens from AIDS in the future.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; prevention & control ; Adult ; China ; Communicable Diseases ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Hepatitis ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires
7.Prevalence of infections with soil-borne intestinal nematodes amongst kindergarten children in Hangzhou
Huan YE ; Li-Hui ZHANG ; Ren ZHANG ; Jun YANG ; Hang-Lin MA ; Li-Na TONG ; Qing-Long FENG ; Qing-Hua DU ; Xiao-Jun YE ; Yingyan CAI ; Yinfang ZHU ; Qilong ZHANG ; Zhenxing YANG ;
Chinese Journal of General Practitioners 2003;0(06):-
Objective To study the prevalence of common infections with soil-borne intestinal nematodes amongst kindergarten children aged 3 to 6 years in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province to provide evidence for determination of the priority of disease prevention and control.Methods Totally,1667 preschool children were selected from 14 kindergartens of Classes A,B and C in east,middle and west Hangzhou.Perianal skin Scotch Tape(a short strip of sealing cellophane pressure-sensitive tape)specimens were collected for detection of eggs of Enterobius vermicularis,and stool specimens for eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides,Ancylostoma duodenale and Trichuris trichiura by Kato-Katz method and saturated brine floatation,as well as questionnaire interview,for all the children.Results Two hundred and sixteen of 1667 children examined were found infected with common soil-borne intestinal nematodes,with an overall prevalence of 12.96%,4.44% for Enterobius vermicularis,8.28% for Ascaris lumbricoides,0.54% for Trichuris trichiura and 0.24% for Ancylostoma duodenale.Prevalence of infection of common intestinal nematodes was 7.31% in children of the Class A kindergartens,12.60% of Class B,and 21.47% of Class C,with statistically significant difference(?~2 = 49.95,P
8.Emergency prophylactic effects of the avian influenza virus immunized serum on the infected mice.
Cheng-yu WANG ; Hua-lei WANG ; Na FENG ; Song-tao YANG ; Yu-wei GAO ; Tei-cheng WANG ; Xiao-huan ZOU ; Xian-zhu XIA
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 2008;42(11):814-817
OBJECTIVETo evaluate emergency prophylactic effects of the avian influenza virus immunized serum on experimentally infected mice.
METHODSSerum HI antibody titers of 30 mice were detected at day 1 to 19 after being inoculated with 0.2 ml immune serum to estimate half life of immune serum. Ten mice clinical symptom was recorded to estimate the serum security after mice injected 1.5 ml immune serum. Seventy mice were randomly divided into 7 groups according to random number table and inoculated with 0.2 ml, 0.1 ml and 0.05 ml immune serum respectively via intraperitoneal injection on day 8, 4 and 1 prior to challenged with 10 LD(50) influenza virus intranasal. Mice were observed continually for 14 days to calculate the morbidity, mortality, average survival days and compare the lung index and viral titers in lung.
RESULTSSerum HI antibody titers of mice which inoculated with 0.2 ml immune serum maintained 2(6) in 15 days after injection, but drawdown after day 17, the mice injected 1.5 ml immune serum were all alive and none onset. The survival rate of mice which injected 0.2 ml serum on the day 8, 4, 1 before challenge was 80%, 100% and 100%, and the average survival period was 13.1 days, 14.0 days and 14.0 days respectively. The survival rate of mice which injected 0.1 ml and 0.05 ml serum on day 1 before challenge was 100% and 50%, and the average survival days were 14.0 days and 11.7 days respectively. The mice lung index of experimental groups (0.0096 +/- 0.0033 - 0.0145 +/- 0.0060) was smaller than that of viral control group (0.0199 +/- 0.0025), with a statistical significance (P value 0.0022 - 0.0470, < 0.05). The viral titers in lung were significantly decreased by 2 titer as compared to the viral controls.
CONCLUSIONThe avian influenza virus immunized serum might contain the emergency prophylactic effects and could be developed as an agent for possible human-avian influenza pandemic.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Immune Sera ; immunology ; Immunization ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections ; immunology
9.An improved method of electrode placement for ECG monitoring in children.
Han FANG ; Tian-Lun YANG ; Huan ZHOU ; Min-Na JIANG ; Fang FANG ; Ye-Hong HUANG ; Zhi-Fang PEI
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 2015;17(9):975-979
OBJECTIVEThis study examines the impacts of an improved electrode placement on the electrocardiogram (ECG) results in order to determine a better electrode placement for ECG monitoring in children.
METHODSECG was recorded using the traditional electrode placement and the modified electrode placement (with shortened electrode distance) respectively in 50 pediatric patients. The amplitudes of P wave and QRS wave on ECG by the two measurements were compared. Furthermore, the impacts of different body positions on the amplitudes of P wave and QRS wave were studied after applying the modified electrode placement.
RESULTSThere were no significant differences in the amplitudes of P wave and QRS wave on ECG by the traditional electrode placement and the modified electrode placement (P>0.05). When modified electrode placement was utilized, the body position change did not lead to significant changes in the amplitudes of P wave and QRS wave (P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONSA satisfactory ECG can be obtained with the modified electrode placement independent of patient's body position, suggesting that the modified electrode placement can be used instead of the traditional placement in children.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Electrocardiography ; instrumentation ; Electrodes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Patient Positioning
10.Implementation of second prevention measures on chronic diseases in Chinese, 2002.
Gong-huan YANG ; Xia WAN ; Na LIU ; Jun-fang WANG ; Jie-min MA ; Ai-ping CHEN
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2005;26(8):559-563
OBJECTIVETo describe the implementation of secondary prevention measures (blood pressure measure, test of blood lipid, and screening test for breast cancer and cervix uteri) on chronic diseases in different populations.
METHODSThe indicators on proportion of receiving blood pressure measurement, tests on blood lipid, screening of breast cancer and cervix uteri in research samples, as well as awareness of the risk of hypertension and hyper lipid were calculated based on results from 1BRFS questionnaire by weight on age structures from 2000 census.
RESULTS22% and 5% of people under research understood the risk of hypertension and hyper lipid on their health. In addition, proportion of receiving these screening tests in sample populations were low. Secondly, the main target population including females over 50 years old but the proportion of screening breast cancer among those females over 50 years old was lower than that in females over 25 years old. Besides educational, occupational and geographic factors, the types of medical insurance for people also were important factors affecting the proportion of receiving screening tests.
CONCLUSIONScreening tests were important second prevention measures for reducing severity of the diseases. Except blood pressure tests among people over 35 years old, proportions of receiving other screening tests were very low. There were significant differences of receiving these screening tests in people by education occupation, geographic areas and types of medical insurance. In addition, the policy of screening was not clear on target orientation. It is necessary for developing guideline of screening to guide the screening programs.
Adult ; Blood Pressure ; Breast Neoplasms ; prevention & control ; China ; Chronic Disease ; prevention & control ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Mass Screening ; statistics & numerical data ; Secondary Prevention ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; prevention & control