The three‐dimensional digital substraction angiography (3D‐DSA) significantly elevated detection rate of intracranial small vessel aneurysms in recent years .It has become the novel gold standard diagnosing antracranial small vessel aneurysms .The present article made a review on 3D‐DSA value for diagnosis ,treatment and prognostic assessment of intracranial small vessel aneurysms .

Objective To investigate the abnormal region of gray matter and its' structural changes closely related to mild cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using voxel-based morphometry(VBM) method.Methods Thirty-seven clinically defined PD patients and 20 normal controls (NC),collected in our hospital from March 2011 to February 2013,were examined using T1WI three-dimensional brain volume sequence (3D-fast spoiled gradient echo,3D-FSPGR).We classified PD patients into 2 subgroups according to the extent of cognitive impairment:20 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 17 patients with none mild cognitive impairment (nMCI).The data of three groups were analyzed using VBM based on SPM5 to generate gray matter map.Results As compared with NC group,PD patients showed extensively decreased gray matter volume,involving bilateral frontal,temporal,occipital and parietal lobes,insular,parahippocampal gyrus,amygdale and right uncus.As compared with PD-nMCI patients,decreased gray matter volume in PD-MCI patients was observed in bilateral midfrontal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus,bilateral insular,left precentral gyrus,left superior temporal gyrus and right midtemporal gyrus.Conclusions Areas of decreased gray volume in PD patients locate in widespread brain regions involving limbic system and neocortex.Gray matter atrophy in bilateral midfrontal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus,insular and left precentral gyrus is related to the mild cognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the short- and mid-term effectiveness of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for post-traumatic arthritis (PTA) of knee. METHODS: The clinical data of 30 patients with PTA of unilateral knee between March 2014 and September 2021 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 14 males and 16 females with an average of 64.5 years (range, 33-81 years). The average body mass index was 26.7 kg/m ² (range, 19.8-35.6 kg/m ²). The types of injuries that caused PTA included intra-articular fracture in 16 cases, extra-articular fracture in 8 cases, and soft tissue injury in 6 cases. The initial injuries were treated by conservative therapy in 12 cases and by surgical therapy in 18 cases. Ten cases were medial compartment osteoarthritis and 20 cases were lateral compartment osteoarthritis. According to Kellgren-Lawrence staging, there were 19 cases of grade Ⅲ and 11 cases of grade Ⅳ. The operative time, the length of hospital stay, complications, and subjective satisfaction were recorded. The Oxford Knee Function Score (OKS), Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, and knee range of motion (ROM) were used to evaluate knee function. Weight-bearing X-ray films were taken to measure the femoro-tibial angle (FTA) and to assess alignment correction of the lower limb. RESULTS: The operative time ranged from 50 to 95 minutes (mean, 63.7 minutes), the length of hospital stay ranged from 3 to 8 days (mean, 6.9 days). Superficial infection occurred in 2 patients, while the remaining incisions healed by first intention. There was no deep vein thrombosis or neurovascular injury. All patients were followed up 17-109 months (median, 70 months). At last follow-up, OKS score, HSS score, and ROM in 30 cases significantly improved when compared with those before operation (P<0.05). Lower limb alignment was significantly corrected and there was significant difference in FTA of the varus and valgus knees between pre- and post-operation ( P<0.05). The patient satisfaction rate was 86.7% (26/30). Two cases developed contralateral osteoarthritis progression during follow-up. No bearing dislocation, prosthesis loosening or sinking occurred and none required further revision. CONCLUSION For patients with PTA of knee, UKA can obtain definite short- and mid-term effectiveness with high patient satisfaction.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Retrospective Studies ; Knee Prosthesis ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Lower Extremity/surgery* ; Range of Motion, Articular