Objective To study the expression changes of transcription factor genes and their underlying involvement in rat liver regeneration(LR) at transcription level. Methods The transcription factor genes and their function were collected by referring to the putative literatures and databases.Then,their expression in rat LR were checked by Rat Genome 230 2.0 array.LR-related genes were identified through the comparison of discrepancies in gene expression between partial hepatectomy(PH) and sham-operation(SO) groups. Results 320 genes were determined to be LR-related,which were involved in 16 biological processes,such as cellular metabolism,proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,etc.Expression profiles of above genes were classified into 41 categories according to their functions and expression trends,implying their diversity and complexity during LR.The expression of transcription factor genes that were involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis,lipid metabolism,and inflammatory response was enhanced in the forepart(0.5-4 hours after PH) and prophase(6-12 hours after PH) of LR.Cellular proliferation,growth,differentiation and apoptosis related transcription factor genes were promoted in the metaphase(16-66 hours after PH) and anaphase(72-168 hours after PH).Conclusion Physiological and biochemical activities in LR were regulated by multiple transcription factor genes,and e2f1,fos,copeb,etc.played key roles in it.

Objective To address the expression correlation of ribosome-related genes in rat regeneration liver(RL) and those in liver tumor at transcriptional level.Methods Genes involved in ribosome biogenesis,assembly and function,as well as their expression changes in liver tumor,were obtained by online data collection and literature review,and their expression profiles in rat regenerating liver were detected by Rat Genome 230 2.0 array.Expression similarities and differences of the above genes were analyzed using statistical methods. Results A total of 75 genes were found to be RL-related.In regenerated liver and liver tumor,the expressions of 18 genes increased and 6 genes decreased,and no significant expression changes were found in 51 genes in liver tumor.Conclusion The expression profiles of the ribosome-related genes in regenerated liver cells and liver tumor cells have both similarities and differences,and the former exhibit properties of more gradualness and complexity.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and the curative effects of interventional therapy by spiral CT in rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods 46 patients were checked by spiral CT and abdominal puncture of non-condensable blood. All the patients were treated by the transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with iodinated oil and/or gelatin sponge. Results Characteristic findings were detected in 31 patients,of which 7 patients were chiefly detected by spiral CT. The bleeding of ruptured HCCs was controlled effectively in all the cases treated by TAE without serious complications. Conclusion Spiral CT is susceptive to the diagnosis of the ruptured HCC. TAE can be the chiefly treatment in ruptured HCC with fewer serious complications.

Objective To elucidate the action of carbohydrates metabolism-associated genes on rat liver regeneration(LR). Methods We obtained the above genes through collecting website data and retrieving related articles,and detected their expression changes in rat LR with Rat Genome 230 2.0 array,then determined LR-associated genes by comparison of gene expression discrepancy between partial hepatectomy(PH) group and sham operation(SO) group. Results 118 carbohydrates metabolism genes were proved to be LR-associated.Number of the initial and total expressing genes occurring in forepart(0.5-4 hours after PH),prophase(6-12 hours after PH),metaphase(16-66 hours after PH) and anaphase(72-168 hours after PH),were 33,6,68,7 and 68,44,210,83,respectively,demonstrating that expression of these genes were triggered mainly at the initial stage of LR,and functioned in different phases.The number of their up-regulation and down-regulation was 205 and 200,and their expression patterns were classified into 12 types,implying that the cellular Carbohydrate metabolism during LR were characterized by diversity and complication.Monosaccharides and glycogen metabolism-associated genes,glycoprotein and glycosphingolipid(mainly gangliosides) biosynthesis-associated genes were up-regulated almost in the whole LR.In contrast,oligosaccharides and glycosaminoglycans biosynthesisassociated genes,glycoprotein and glycosphingolipid degradation-associated genes were down regulated.Conclusion Liver regeneration was closely related to carbohydrate metabolism.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of CyberKnife radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma. Methods The data of 59 patients with locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma who were treated with CyberKnife radiotherapy from 2006 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The tumor volume ranged from 13?? 0 cm3 to 125?? 1 cm3 with a median value of 27?? 1 cm3 . A dose of 35?50 Gy (median value= 45 Gy) in 3?8 fractions (median value = 5 fractions) was prescribed. The tumor progression was evaluated based on computed tomography. The overall survival (OS) and local progression?free survival ( LPFS) rates were calculated using the Kaplan?Meier method. Results The 1?and 2?year sample sizes were 26 and 17, respectively. The 1?and 2?year OS rates were 54% and 35%, respectively, while the 1?and 2?year LPFS rates were 91% and 70%, respectively. The median OS and LPFS times were 12?? 5 and 10?? 9 months, respectively. The overall incidence of grade 1?2 acute and late gastrointestinal toxicity was 61%. One patient with grade 3 late gastrointestinal toxicity had incomplete intestinal obstruction. Conclusions CyberKnife radiotherapy can achieve excellent treatment outcomes and mild complications in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the response rate and efficacy of Cyberknife in the treatment of iliac lymph node metastases (ILNM).Methods Twenty-two patients with 27 ILNM were treated by Cyberknife from May 2010 to May 2016.Tumor volume range from 0.88 to 125.66 cm3 (median 18.87 cm3).The total doses ranged from 21 to 51 Gy (median 39 Gy) and biological effective doses from 35.7 to 100 Gy (median 72.6 Gy) in 3-8 fractions (median 5).Sixty-four percent to eighty-two percent (median 72％) isodose line covered planning target.The survival rates were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Log-rank test.Results Follow-up time ranged from 8 to 97 months (median 33 months).The complete response,partial response,stable disease and progression disease rates were 37％,48％,7.5％,48％,respectively.In addition,effective rate was 92.5％.Overall survival range from 4 to 68 months (median 21 months).The 1-,2-,3-year local control rate was all 90.6％ and the survival rates were 78.8％,60.6％ and 43.3％,respectively.Adverse reactions after treatment were gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea,vomiting,fatigue.The chemotherapy before Cyberknife helped to improve overall survival.The patients with backache or edema of lower extremity got rapid relief after treatment.Conclusion The treatment of ILNM with Cyberknife has provided a high response rate with minimal side effects.Cyberknife is a safe and effective local treatment method for ILNM.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method on detecting schistosome eggs. Methods A total of 803 residents aged from 6-65 years were selected in 2 schistosomiasis endemic villages Jiangling Coun-ty Hubei Province and their stool samples were collected and detected parallelly by the Kato-Katz technique nylon silk egg hatching method and Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method at the same time. Results Among the 803 people 15 cases were found of schistosome egg positive and the positive rate was 1.87%. The positive rates of the Kato-Katz technique nylon silk egg hatching method and Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method were 0.75% 1.49% and 1.12% respectively. The schistosome eggs got with the Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method were clear and easy to identify. Conclusion In low endemic areas of schistosomiasis the Parasep? feces centrifuge tube method can be used as schistosomiasis japonica etiology diagnosis method.

Objective To classify and grade the environments with Oncomelania hupensis snails inside embankment in marsh-land and lake areas,so as to improve the work efficiency and realize the systematic management. Methods The schistosomiasis endemic area Liaodi and Xiongdi villages in Jiangling County,Hubei Province were selected as the experiment villages,and the environments with snails in the two villages were divided into sections with a length of 500m,then the snail situation were sur-veyed by the systematic sampling method with 10m and 50m a frame respectively. The environments were classified according to the discovery of infected snails and wild fecal contamination,and the numbers of sites with snails and their areas in different class-es were recorded. Meanwhile,the data of sites with infected snails in Jingzhou City during the recent 5 years were collected and graded according to the average density of snails,so as to discuss the correlativity between the grades of environments with snails and the numbers of sites with infected snails and the occurrence rate of frames with snails. Results There were 1 967 sites with in-fected snails in Jingzhou City during the recent 5 years,and there was a positive correlation between the grades of environments with snails and the occurrence rate of frames with snails(rs=0.77,P<0.01),when the grade was 5,the constituent ratio of num-bers of sites with infected snails was 3.1%,and when the grade was 2-3,the ratio raised to 56.3%. There were 39 sites with snails in the two villages,the Class 1,2 and 3 environments included 1,18 and 20 sites,with the areas of 1 080,51 640 m2 and 41 220 m2 , respectively. There were no statistically significant difference between the grades divided by snail survey with 10m and 50m a frame(χ2=4.667,P>0.05),but the time-consuming of the former was 3 times of the latter. Conclusions The classification and grading of the environments with snails inside embankment in marshland and lake areas can master the key point of the snail survey. The subsection and setting frames at a suitable distance can save time and manpower,improve work efficiency,as well as understand the distribution of snail status of the environment with snails,which can realize the sort management of the snail envi-ronments inside embankment.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ultra-hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer.Methods A total of 26 patients with prostate cancer treated with Cyber-Knife from May 2010 to May 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.The median age of the patients was 69 years old (range,57 to 87).Ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy was delivered in five fractions of 7.0-7.5 Gy for a total dose of 35.0-37.5 Gy.Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was administered in combination with the Cyber-Knife.The primary endpoints were radiation toxicity,PSA-response,local control and symptom alleviation,while the secondary endpoints were progression-free survival and overall survival.Results No graded ≥ 3 acute and late radiation toxicities occurred during follow-up.The acute toxicity of Grades 1 and 2 was 38.4％ and 19.2％,while the late toxicity of Grades 1 and 2 was 30.8％ and 3.8％,respectively.At a median follow-up of 22.44 months,for patients with localized stage,PSA level was decreased significantly after radiotherapy (Z =2.900,2.794,2.510,2.090,P＜0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference for the metastatic group (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions Ultra-hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with prostate cancer.

Objective To analyze the radiation dose to the normal lung tissue of patients with early stage of non-small cell lung cancer treated by Cyberknife. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted by summarizing the treatment plans of 264 patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer from January 2011 to December 2013 in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. Sorted by the tumor volumes and locations, the Cyberknife plans were evaluated by means of dose volume histograms ( DVH) , homogeneity indexes ( HI) , percentage volumes receiving at least x Gy ( Vx ) of dose, i. e. , V5 , V10 , V20 , and V30 of the ipsilateral and contralateral lungs. For the tumors approximate to the hilus, the contralateral lungs were included in the optimization process, and the dose-volume metrics were analyzed for the contralateral and bilateral lungs. Results For the tumors close to the chest wall, V5≥(15. 21 ± 3. 12)％ in ipsilateral lung tissue and V5≥(1. 34 ± 0. 67)％ in contralateral lung tissue were observed. For the tumors near the hilus, V5≥(39. 4 ± 11. 90) ％ in ipsilateral lung tissue and V5≥(1. 48 ± 0. 34) ％ in contralateral lung tissue were observed. The irradiated volume ratios of both ipsilateral and contralateral lung tissue increased with the enlargement of tumor sizes. After including the contralateral lung tissue into the optimization, the irradiated volume ratios of the contralateral and bilateral lung tissue (V5,V10) decreasedsignificantly(t=2.44,4.81,3.53,3.17,P<0.05). Conclusions Higherriskof radiation injury in both ipsilateral and contralateral lung tissue can be expected for tumors near the hilus than near the chest wall. After including contralateral lung tissue into the planning optimization, lower dose to the contralateral and whole lung tissue was achieved, indicating a better protection of normal lung tissue.