AIM: To establish a method for determination of hydrochlorothiazide and rutin in Zhenjujiangya Tablets(Flos Chrysanthemi Indici, hydrochlorothiazide, rutin, etc.) by HPLC. METHODS: HPLC was used with Spherisorb C 18 (4.6mm?250mm 5?m) column 0.05mol?L -1 citric acid acetonitrile(80∶20) (adjusted the mixture with triethylaminum to pH 4.1?0.1) was used as a mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0mL?min -1 . The detection wavelength was at 270nm. RESULTS: The linear response range lay in 10～50?g?mL -1 of hydrochlorothiazide( r =0.9994 n =5) and 40～200?g?mL -1 of rutin( r =0.999 n =5), respectively. The average recoveries of hydrochlorothiazide and rutin were 99.8% and 99.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: This method is rapid, accurate and suitable for the determination of the two constitutents in the compound tablets.

Objective To retrospectively investigate the characteristics of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)in last 10 years in Kunming city. Methods Four hundred and thirty consecutive patients with IBD, who had hospitalized in 7 hospitals between January 1998 to March 2007, were investigated. Among them, 379 patinets had ulcerative colitis (UC) and 51 had Crohn's disease (CD). The patients who received coloscopy, histopathological and bariam enema examination accunted for 98.2%, 56.2% and 2.6% in UC group,respectively, and 72.5%,78.4% and 31.4% in CD group,respectively. The gender, age, occupation and the clinical manifestation of the patients, and the results of the colonoscopy and pathological examination were analyzed. Results Most of the UC patients were aged 30 to 39 years and 50 to 59 years with average age of (46.9±15.8) years, whereas CD patients were aged 20 to 29 years with average age of (41.6±17.2)years. The male and urban patients were predominat in both UC and CD groups. Mental workers were common in UC group. The symptoms of diarrhea (302,79.7%), abdominal pain (285,75.2%) and bloody stools (290,76.5%) were major events in UC patients, and those of abdominal pain (44,86.3%), diarrhea (28,54.9%) and weight loss (28,54.9%) were major events in CD patients. The coincidence ratio among colonoseopy, histopathology and bariam enema examinations was 88.4 % ( 329/372 ), 24.4 % ( 52/213 ) and 4/10 in UC patients, respectively, and 86.5%(32/37), 27.5%(11/40) and 75%(12/16) in CD patients, respectively. All of the UC patients were in active stage of disease,including 38.3 % in mild,42.2% in moderate and 19.5% in severe. In CD group, 7.8% was in relief stage and 92.2% in active stage,including 15.7% in mild,43.1% in morderate and 41.2% in severe.Conclusion The understanding of prevalence and clinical characteristics of IBD in last 10 years in Kunming city will be helpful in diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Objective To explore the relationship between quality of life and sub-health state of Guangdong urban dwellers.Methods A total of 2 200 urban dwellers were investigated using SF-36 and Sub-Heahh Measurement Scale Version 1.0(SHMS V1.0).Results As for the scores in PCS,MCS,psychosocial symptom,cognitive function,social adaptability,those of man urban dwellers (respectively (78.89± 15.25),(73.15 ± 15.26),(63.73± 18.82),(62.13± 19.34),(68.04± 17.90)) were higher than those of woman dwellers (respectively(76.98± 14.20),(71.76± 14.72),(60.53± 18.28),(57.00± 17.89),(65.73± 17.07)).The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Bivariate correlation analysis showed that the PCS and MCS of quality of life were positively related with all dimensions of sub-health (P＜0.001).Canonical correlation analysis indicated that vitality,social adaptability,psychosocial symptom and positive emotion were the main factors of sub-health status,and MCS was of quality of life.Conclusion Sub-health state of Guangdong urban dwellers is positively related with quality of life,and the more serious sub-health state is,the worse quality of life is.Therefore,intervention of subhealth and quality of life should be targeted to be strengthened according to the investigation.

mended to detect possible leakage of fat within central spinal canal.

Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and frontotemporal dysfunction in Chinese patients with motor neuron disease(MND).Methods 100 Datients diagnosed as MND underwent a series of survey including mini mental state examination(MMSE),neuropsychiatry inventory(NPI),Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA).Demographics,site of onset,and disease severity-functional rating scale(FRS)were also investigated.Results The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment determined with MMSE score was 24.2%.Compal ison between patients with normal and abnormal MMSE showed statistic differences in depression state and FRS score.Since patients with anxiety and depression would also have abnormal NPI,a follow uP stndy after 3-month antidepressive therapy for the depression patients was made and 2 patients were found to haye Drobably frontotemporal dysfunction lasting for more than 6 months.Conclusion MND patients might have mild impairmented of cognitive function and some of the patients were neuroethologically abnormal.2 of the patients might have frontotcmporal dysfunction.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of Talaromyces marneffei (T.marneffei)-specific mannose glycoprotein Mp1p antigen for T.marneffei infection in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients.Methods All cases were recruited in this study from January 2012 to June 2015 in Guangzhou No.8 People′s Hospital, including 184 AIDS patients with T.marneffei infection confirmatively diagnosed by culture, and 205 controls including 176 AIDS patients without T.marneffei infection and 29 health controls.Double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and fluoroimmunoassay combined with double-antibody sandwich were both utilized to detect serum Mp1p antigen levels, and their sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing T.marneffei infection in patients with AIDS were analyzed.x2 test and t test were used for statistical analysis.Results The ratio of males to females and age of the study group were both comparable to those of the control group (x2=0.019, P=0.889;t=1.810,P=0.07, respecitvley).The sensitivities of double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and fluoroimmunoassay combined with double-antibody sandwich were 82.07%(151/184) and 83.15%(153/184), respectively (x2=0.076, P=0.783).The specificities were 93.17%(191/205) and 92.68%(190/205), respectively (x2=0.037, P=0.847).The accuracy values were 87.92%(342/389) and 88.17%(343/389), respectively (x2=0.012, P=0.912).The false positive rates were 6.83%(14/205) and 7.32%(15/205), respectively.The false negative rates were 17.93%(33/184) and 16.85%(31/184), respectively (x2=0.049, P=0.829).The positive predictive values were 91.52%(151/165) and 91.07%(153/168), respectively (x2=0.021, P=0.886).The negative predictive values were 85.27%(191/224) and 85.97%(190/221), respectively (x2=0.045, P=0.832).The Kappa values were 0.83 and 0.80, respectively.Conclusion Detection of serum Mp1p antigen of T.marneffei possesses high specificity and sensitivity, which may be utilized for rapid and early diagnosis of T.marneffei infection in patients with AIDS.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics,treatment and prognosis of retinoblasto-ma without calcification.Methods The clinic and pathologic data of 20 cases of retinoblastoma without calcification were analyzed retrospectively.All the cases were selected from 710 cases of retinoblastoma archived in Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University from April 2010 to April 2015.The inclusion criteria was no calcification on CT scan before treatment.The patients after enuclea-tion were diagnosed according to pathology;the patients without enu-cleation were diagnosed according to clinical manifestations,Retcam fundus,ophthalmic ultrasound and the reduction of tumor after chemotherapy.The clinical features,treatment and prognosis were summarized through statistical analysis of the 20 cases.The patients were followed -up through clinical reexamination and telephone calls.Results In this study,there were 14(70.0%)male and 6(30.0%)female patient′s;there were 19 cases(95.0%)less than 5 -year -old,14 cases (70.0%)less than 3 -year -old,1 case (5.0%)less than 1 -year -old.Eighteen cases (90.0%)were unilateral disease,and 2 cases (10.0%)were bilateral disease.According to international Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification stage:4 cases (18.2%)in stage E ,17 cases (77.3%)in stage D ,1 case (4.5%)in stage C.Five cases (25.0%)were enucleated eyes,and pathology report was retinoblastoma.Nine cases (45.0%) were treated with pre -enucleation chemotherapy,and finally enucleated after poor tumor shrinkage or recurrence,and the pathology was retinoblastoma.Five cases (25.0%)without enucleation were stable.One case (5.0%)failed to follow -up owing to the patients irregular treatment.In 14 enucleation cases,histopathologic high risk factors could be found in 3 cases (21 .4%),and couldn′t be found in the other 11 cases (78.6%).In the cases that were not enuclea-ted,the tumor diminished in size or new calcification presented in the fundus examination,and in 12 cases,new calcifi-cation was pre-sented on follow -up CT scan.Follow -up failed in 1 case(5.0%),but follow -up was available for 19 cases,and among them 13 cases (68.4%)were disease -free survival and 6 cases (31 .6%)were alive with tumor. Conclusions Close attention should be paid to the untypical retinoblastoma with no calcification on CT scan through well -taken medical history and meticulous imaging examination,in order to give early diagnosis and therapy.

In order to improve the quality standard of Marsdenia tenacissima, a quantitative determination method of tenacissoside H was developed using high performance liquid chromatography. The method was carried out on a YMC ODS-H80 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 4 microm) column eluted with a mixture of acetonitrile and water (50:50) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.8 mL x min(-1) and the column temperature was 35 degrees C. An evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) was used with the temperature of drift tube set at 60 degrees C and the gas flow rate of nitrogen set at 1.5 mL x min(-1). The calibration curve was linear in the range from 0.5625 to 36.00 microg (r = 0.9998). The average recovery and RSD were 99.41% and 1.8%, respectively. The contents of tenacissoside H in the 11 samples from different habitats varied from 0.201% to 0.862%. The method established in this paper is specific and reliable to control and evaluate the quality of M. tenacissima.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Glycosides ; analysis ; Marsdenia ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo establish a microwave extraction and UPLC method for simultaneous determination of polydatin, resveratrol, anthraglycoside B, emodin and physicion contained in Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix, in order to provide scientific basis for improving quality standards of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix.

METHODThe test solutions were prepared in a MDS-8 closed microwave system at 160 degrees C with methanol as the solvent. The UPLC analysis was performed in a Waters Acquity UPLC system. A BEH C18 column (2. 1 mm x 100 mm, 1.7 microm) was adopted for gradient elution with acetonitrile and water as the mobile phase. The temperature of column was 30 degrees C, and the detection wavelength was 226 nm.

RESULTThe five active components can be completely extracted in 10 minutes and separated completely in 12 minutes according to UPLC analysis, with a good linearity (r > or = 0. 999 6) within the linear ranges. The average recovery rate was 97.00%-103.7% with RSD < or = 2. 2%. Despite a large difference in content among tested components from Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix, the total content of the five major constituents was relatiely stable (3.683 3%-7.1031%).

CONCLUSIONThe microwave extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography method in simultaneous determination for contents of five major bioactive components contained in polygoni cuspidati rhizoma et radix is so rapid and highly reproducible that it can be used for quality control and assessment of Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fallopia japonica ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Microwaves ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Quality Control

To solve the problems in the course teaching of Pharmacokinetics and change the current situation of the course, a pharmacokinetic solution program based on Excel has been developed. The program, based on Excel, is the most widely used data processing software. The data processing and drawing functions of Excel are used and encapsulated as a program by Excel-VBA. The program is specially used in pharmacokinetic teaching, which includes 25 solution templates arranged according to the 5th edition of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, a textbook published by the People's Medical Publishing House Co., LTD. Each solution template includes six functional areas: operation setting area, data input area, data relationship display area, return parameter output area, pharmacokinetic parameter output area and chart area. In this course, the teaching content is reorganized. Starting from a case, the concept and knowledge of pharmacokinetics are taught by explaining how to apply the program to solve case problems. After years of practice, the teaching effect has been significantly improved.