Objective The scale lists applied in the diagnosis and treatment of heat stroke generally draw on other specialty scales, and there is no specific scoring system on heat stroke verified by large-scale clinical trials.The paper compared common acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ( APACHEⅡ) , dissolved inorganic carbon score( DIC score) , multiple organ dysfunction score( MOD score) for the prognostic evaluation of heat stroke patients, the sum of three scores and the sum of the percentages of three scores to the score sum on prognostic evaluation of heat stroke patients in order to find a scoring method with higher clinical value. Methods APACHEⅡ, MOD score, DIC score, the sum of three scores and the sum of three scores were applied on 43 patients with heat stroke admitted in our neurological intensive care unit ( NICU) or in intensive care unit ( ICU) .The analysis of the area under the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve( AUC) analysis was made among five scores. Results The weighted sum of three scores has the largest AUC ( 0.896 ) in predicting the death of HS patients according to AUC.The optimal MOD score was 5.5 in predicting the death of HS with a sensitivity of 72.7%and a specifici-ty of 99.69%.The optimal DIC score was 1.5 in predicting the death of HS with a sensitivity of 100%and a specificity of 56.2%.The op-timal score of the sum of the percentages of three scores to the score sum was 0.727 in predicting the death of HS with a sensitivity of 72.7%and a specificity of 100%. Conclusion All the five scores can predict the prognosis of patients with heat stroke.However, due to the deficiency in the prognosis value, a more specific scoring system needs to be developed.

A polyphenolic compound, 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (1246TGG), was isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Phyllanthus emblica L. (Euphorbiaceae) and assayed for its potential as an anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) agent. The cytotoxicity of 1246TGG on HepG2.2.15 as well as HepG2 cells was determined by observing cytopathic effects, and the effects of 1246TGG on secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg in HepG2.2.15 cells were assayed by enzyme immunoassay. Results indicates that treatment with 1246TGG (6.25 μg/mL, 3.13 μg/mL), reduced both HBsAg and HBeAg levels in culture supernatant, yet the inhibitory effects tend to decline with the assay time. This study provides a basis for further investigation of the anti-HBV activity and possible mechanism of action of 1246TGG.

Objective Present study aimed to characterize the alteration of cortical thickness in first-episode, never-medicated, adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), and explore whether such deficits were related with their disease duration and clinical symptom severity. Methods Thirty-seven adult MDD patients were recruited from March 2013 to August 2015 as patient group, and 41 healthy volunteers were as control group. All the patients underwent three-dimensional spoiled gradient recalled (3D-SPGR) sequences, and the images were acquired. Constructions of the cortical surface were developed from 3D-SPGR images using FreeSurfer software, and the thickness of the entire cortex was measured according to the automated surface reconstruction, transformation, and high-resolution inter-subject alignment procedures. Finally, cortical thickness was compared between the two groups, and the relativity between clinical symptom severity, disease progression and clinical scores were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM). Results Our results revealed a significant increase in cortical thickness(P<0.05, false discovery rate corrected) in the left anterior and middle cingulate cortex, bilateral precentral cortex, left paracentral cortex, bilateral superior parietal cortex, left temporal pole, and right lateral occipital cortex (cortical thickness 1.89-2.87 mm, cortical volume 34-384 mm2, P<0.05) in MDD patients compared to healthy controls, while no reversed alternation was found. In addition, clinical symptom severity and disease progression showed no correlation with the cortical thickness abnormalities in MDD group(P>0.05). Conclusion Excluding the impact of treatment, our study showed that the cortical thickness change was mainly located in the prefrontal-limbic system in the in early course of MDD.

Objective To evaluate stone retention time coefficient (RTC) times stone size value (RTC × S) as the indication of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) efficacy in the treatment of upper ureteral calculi.Methods From January 2009 to May 2011,180 consecutive patients including 109males and 71 females who underwent ESWL for a single radiopaque upper ureteral stone with the mean stone size (0.9 ± 0.2) cm and the mean stone retention time (12.6 ± 9.7) d were retrospectively analyzed.The mean patient age was 39 years (range from 21 to 65 years).The base of RTC was set as 1 and each 0.1 was added on it if the stone stayed one more week in upper ureter.Patients were classified into 2 groups by stone size.105 patients were in group ＜ 1 cm and 75 patients were in group≥ 1 cm.According to RTC × S value,79 patients were in group ＜ 1 and 101 patients were in group≥ 1.Stone-free rate between these two groups in the same grouping indication and between two matched groups in the different grouping indication were compared respectively.The chi-square test compared categorical variables between the two groups and all statistical analyses were 2-sided with P ＜ 0.05 defined as statistically significant.Results The overall stone-free rate of group ＜ 1 cm was significantly higher than that of group≥ 1 cm (81.9％ vs.68.0％,P ＜0.05).The overall stone-free rate of group RTC × S value ＜ 1 was significantly higher than that of group RTC × S value ≥1 (96.2 ％ vs.60.4％,P ＜ 0.05).Comparison between two matched groups showed that the stone-free rate of group RTC S value ＜ 1 was significantly higher than that of group ＜ 1 cm (96.2％ vs.81.9 ％,P＜0.05),but group RTC×Svalue≥1 was comparable to group≥l cm (60.4％ vs.68.0％,P ＞ 0.05).26 patients with ＜ 1 cm stones were enrolled in group ≥ 1 for long stone retention time and larger RTC × S value.The overall stone-free rate of them was 38.5％ (10/26) which was significantly lower than that of group≥ 1 cm (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The stone retention time is an important factor in efficacy of ESWL for upper ureteral calculi.Use RTC × S as a new indication of ESWL,not only the stone size but stone retention time is taken into account as well.ESWL is highly efficacious in patients with RTC × S values ＜ 1.

The article reported the clinical, electrophysiological, renal pathology and gene mutation characteristics of a patient with action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome (AMRF). The patient was a young male who developed epilepsy at the age of 16 and gradually developed tremor, ataxia, and myoclonic seizures. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal. The electrophysiological manifestations of the nerve were symmetrical multiple sensory and motor nerve conduction velocity deceleration, especially the easily embedded site of the nerve. Renal pathology showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. A new complex heterozygous mutation of SCARB2 gene c.534_537delinsCT (chr4:7710074) and c.358G>T (chr4:7710217) was detected in the patient and verified by his family. The 2 heterozygous mutations were respectively from the patient′s parents. AMRF is a rare type of epilepsy in adolescents. The early manifestations were myoclonus or abnormal renal function, with great clinical heterogeneity and easy to be misdiagnosed and missed diagnosis. The final diagnosis depends on genetic testing.

Objective:To observe the multimodal imaging characteristics of tamoxifen retinopathy.Methods:A retrospective case study. From January 2019 to December 2021, 4 patients (8 eyes) with tamoxifen retinopathy diagnosed in Tangshan Eye Hospital were included in the study. All patients were female, with sick binoculus. The age was 59.5±4.6 years. After breast cancer resection, tamoxifen 20 mg/d was taken orally consecutively, including 1, 1, and 2 cases who took tamoxifen orally for 5, 7, and ≥10 years. All eyes were examined by fundus color photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography (OCTA), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and fundus autofluorescence (AF). The multi-mode image features of the fundus of the affected eyes were observed.Results:The yellow white dot crystal like material deposition in the macular area was observed in all eyes. In fundus AF examination, macular area showed patchy strong AF. FFA examination showed telangiectasia and fluorescein leakage in macular area at late stage. OCT showed that punctate strong reflexes could be seen between the neuroepithelial layers in the macular region with the formation of a space between the neuroepithelial layers, the interruption of the elliptical zone (EZ), and the formation of a hole in the outer lamella including 4, 5 and 3 eyes; The thickness of ganglion cells in macular region decreased in 7 eyes. OCTA showed that the blood flow density of the superficial retinal capillary plexus around the arch ring was decreased, and the retinal venules were dilated in 2 eyes; Deep capillary plexus (DCP) showed telangiectasia.Conclusion:Deposition of yellowish white dot like crystals can be seen in the macular region of tamoxifen retinopathy; dotted strong reflex between neuroepithelial layers, cavity formation, thinning of ganglion cell layer, EZ middle fissure and outer lamellar fissure; DCP capillaries and venules around the arch were dilated; telangiectasia in macular region; flaky strong AF in macular region.

Objective: To establish a microwave scattering parameter acquisition system to detect cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral ischemia animal models, and to study the non-contact rapid identification methods for the two stroke types. Methods: Rabbits were selected for modeling. Eight rabbits in the cerebral hemorrhage group were injected with autologous blood. Six rabbits in the cerebral ischemia group were treated with bilateral common carotid artery clamping and femoral artery bleeding. The measurement excitation source has a scanning frequency range of 300 kHz to 3 GHz and an intermediate frequency bandwidth of 30 kHz. The signal of the S21 phase was acquired. The collected microwave scattering signals were subjected to mean filtering, principal component analysis dimension reduction, and mean clustering and nearest neighbor analysis to realize the identification of stroke types. Results: The microwave scattering measurement method can reflect the changes of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral ischemia. The phase of S21 decreases with the increase of blood loss and increases with the increase of ischemic duration. The results of the differential experiment showed that all 14 models were correctly identified. Conclusions The stroke identification system based on microwave scattering measurement can effectively distinguish rabbit cerebral hemorrhage model and ischemic model. This technology is low cost, portable non-invasive, simple operation and fast, which make it be a promising method for identifying pre-hospital stroke types.