0.05).Conclusion It is feasible to implement the DWS pulse sequence in conventional MR system to investigate the diffusion property of water molecule,furthermore the results are not dependent on diffusion weighting.

Objective To investigate the relationship between diffusion time and diffusion tensor-derived parameters. Method Diffusion tensor data sets were obtained from 11 healthy volunteers using 8 different levels of diffusion time while keeping the diffusion sensitive gradient magnetic field strength fixed. Diffusion tensor-derived parameters with variant diffusion time for six regions of interest were calculated and compared. Result There was statistically significant difference in mean diffusivity (MD) of variant diffusion time (P0.05). Conclusion There is no diffusion time dependent in FA, but MD are diffusion time dependent. The reason may be attributed to the difference of the diffusion properties between the intra- and extra-cellular water molecules.

The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effect of N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-2-(2, 5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylamide (FLZ), a novel synthetic squamosamide cyclic derivative, against Parkinson's disease (PD) model mice induced by the inflammatory bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and the neurotoxin 1-methy-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). C57/BL mice were ip injected LPS (5 mg x kg(-1)) once. One week following the LPS injection, mice received a subcutaneous injection of MPTP (25 mg x kg(-1)) once daily for 2 days. Eight weeks later, FLZ (25, 50 and 75 mg x kg(-1)) was orally administered to mice once daily for 60 days. The motor ability of the mice was evaluated by rod climbing test and footprint test. The dopamine (DA) levels in mouse striatum were determined by high performance liquid chromatography system. The tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells were showed by immunohistochemical analysis. FLZ treatment significantly improved motor dysfunction of mice challenged by LPS plus MPTP. The increase of TH-positive cell numbers and elevation of DA levels may be contributed to the beneficial effects of FLZ on motor behavior. This study showed FLZ has significant therapeutic effect on LPS plus MPTP induced chronic PD model, which indicates its potential as a new candidate drug to treat PD.

Deep learning can automatically learn representative features from image data for clinical analysis,such as glioma staging/grading,prediction of molecular marker status,differentiation of tumor pseudoprogression from true progression,and survival prediction.Radiomics aims to quantitatively describe tumors based on imaging features extracted from routine medical images,and it can capture small changes in tissues and lesions,such as heterogeneity within tumor volume,tumor shape,and their changes over time during serial imaging.Image analysis technology based on radiomics and deep learning can simplify and automate the diagnosis and treatment of glioma,with high accuracy.The review gives a brief introduction of radiomics methods and deep learning technologies,and then summarizes the application of radiomics methods and deep learning technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of glioma in recent years,expecting to provide a preoperative basis for the treatment scheme selection for glioma patients.

Seven new 4-hydroxybenzyl-substituted amino acid derivatives (1-7), together with 11 known compounds, were isolated from an aqueous extract of the rhizomes of Gastrodia elata Blume. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compounds 1-3 are pyroglutamate derivatives containing 4-hydroxybenzyl units at the N atom and 4-7 are the first examples of natural products with the 4-hydroxybenzyl unit linked via a thioether bond to 2-hydroxy-3-mercaptopropanoic acid (4-6) and 2-hydroxy-4-mercaptobutanoic acid (7), which would be biogenetically derived from cysteine and homocysteine, respectively. The structures of 1 and 2 were verified by synthesis, while the absolute configurations of 4, 5 and 7 were assigned using Mosher's method based on the MPA determination rule of Δδ RS values. The known compound 4-(hydroxymethyl)-5-nitrobenzene-1,2-diol (8) exhibited activity against Fe(2+)-cysteine induced rat liver microsomal lipid peroxidation with IC50 values of 9.99×10(-6) mol/L.