OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical application of the custom shade guide of tetracycline stained teeth in color matching.

METHODSForty-two patients with 59 tetracycline stained teeth were included in this study. Color matching was performed with Shofu shade guide and custom shade guide of tetracycline stained teeth. According to the two results, two porcelain fused to metal crowns were fabricated for each tooth. Evaluations were made both visually by dentists and patients and with ShadeEye NCC.

RESULTSColor difference between prostheses made according to custom shade guide and natural teeth was (7.80 +/- 4.70). Color difference between prostheses made according to Shofu shade guide and natural teeth was (10.68 +/- 4.70). Both visual evaluation and ShadeEye NCC evaluation showed that the custom shade guide provided a more accurate shade selection than the Shofu shade guide did, and the difference between the two shade guides was significant (t = 7.328, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSThe custom shade guide of tetracycline stained teeth provided a standard for clinical shade matching for the tetracycline stained teeth and could be a supplement to Shofu shade guide.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; adverse effects ; Color ; Colorimetry ; Dental Porcelain ; Humans ; Pigmentation Disorders ; chemically induced ; Prosthesis Coloring ; methods ; Tetracycline ; adverse effects ; Tooth ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical and pathologic features of gastric schwannomas.

METHODSThe macroscopic and microscopic features of 9 cases of gastric schwannoma were analyzed. Immunohistochemical study for S-100 protein, CD117, CD34, neurofilament, desmin, nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, platelet derived growth factor-alpha (PDGFR-α) and vimentin was carried out. Mutation analysis of c-kit gene (exon 9, 11, 13 and 17) and PDGFR-α gene (exon 12 and 18) in 1 case was examined by PCR amplification and direct sequencing.

RESULTSThe patients included 5 males and 4 females. The age of patients ranged from 42 to 81 years (median = 56.5 years). The size of the tumors ranged from 2 to 9 cm in greatest diameter. Follow-up data in 8 cases (from 1 month to 65 months) showed no evidence of recurrence or metastasis. Gross examination showed that gastric schwannomas were homogeneous, firm, yellow-white and bore no true fibrous capsule. Histologically, all cases were composed of fascicles of spindle cells associated with nuclear palisading, Verocay body formation and peripheral cuff of reactive lymphoid aggregates. Some of them showed degenerative changes including cyst formation, calcification, hemorrhage, necrosis and hyalinization. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were strongly positive for S-100 protein and vimentin. There was various degree of staining for nestin (8/9) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (6/9). They were negative for CD117, CD34, neurofilament, desmin and smooth muscle actin. One case showed focal positivity for PDGFR-α (1/9), with no mutations found.

CONCLUSIONSGastric schwannomas share similar histologic features with conventional soft tissue schwannomas, in addition to the presence a reactive lymphoid cuff. The clinical, macroscopic, histologic and immunohistochemical features of gastric schwannomas were different from those of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyomas.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exons ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; metabolism ; Leiomyoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Leiomyosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; metabolism ; Nestin ; Neurilemmoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Neurofibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To explore the distribution of water with high level arsenic and prevalence of arsenism along Huai'he River and the surrounding area of Hong'ze lake in Huai'an of Jiangsu. Methods Wate rsamples were collected and tested in 2008 from 18 villages of 6 towns according to history data in 3 counties like Xuyi,Jinhu and Hongze. Samples having arsenic level higher than 0.05 mg/L were investigated by epidemiological method and the patients were diagnosed by Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsenism. Results All 5199 water samples were determined,and 260 water samples were exceeding the national drinking water quality level (0.05 mg/L) in 3 counties,the rates of exceeding diagnosis were 5.6%(247/4454),0.7%(4/597),6.0%(9/148) respectively. Total detected rate of endemic arsenic disease was 5.94%(128/2155). The detected rates of age group of 0 ～ ,20 ～,30 ～ ,40 ～ ,50 ～ ,60 ～ ,70 ～ ,80 ～ were 2.86%(1/35),2.11%(2/95),1.26%(3/239),3.10%(16/516),5.53% (32/579),10.07%(41/407),11.84%(27/228),10.71%(6/56) respectively. The detected rate of male (9.10%,78/857) was higher than that of female(3.85%,50/1298,χ~2 = 25.46,P < 0.01). Conclusions Huai'he River and the surrounding areas of Hong'ze lake like Xuyi,Jinhu and Hongze are identified existing endemic arsenic disease area. The prevention of arsenism should be strengthened in these areas.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate left ventricular function in newborn infants of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

METHODSForty newborn infants of mother with GDM (GDM group) and forty normal newborn infants (control group) were enrolled in this study. Two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging was used to measure interventricular septal thickness, posterior left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular ejection fraction in both groups. Left ventricular rotation and torsion were evaluated for all participants.

RESULTSInterventricular septal thickness in the GDM group was much higher than in the control group (0.45±0.06 mm vs 0.34±0.05 mm; P<0.05). Posterior left ventricular wall thickness in the GDM group was also higher than in the control group (0.45±0.17 mm vs 0.31±0.02 mm; P<0.05). There was no difference in the left ventricular ejection fraction between the two groups (P>0.05). Peak subendocardial rotation, peak subepicardial rotation, peak bulk rotation and peak mural torsion were higher in the GDM group than in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCardiac function may be impaired in newborn infants of mothers with GDM, with changes in left ventricular shape and abnormalities of left ventricular rotation and torsion. However, infants have a normal ventricular blood ejection under the cardiac compensation. Two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging technique can be used for early detection of left ventricular function.

Diabetes, Gestational ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Stroke Volume ; Ventricular Function, Left

Background: and Purpose The relationships among interleukin (IL)-10 levels, anxiety, and cognitive status after stroke remain controversial. We aimed to determine the associations of serum IL-10 levels with poststroke anxiety (PSA) and poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Methods: We recruited 350 patients with stroke, of whom only 151 completed a 1-month follow-up assessment. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the cognitive status and anxiety, respectively. Serum IL-10 levels were measured within 24 hours of admission. Results: IL-10 levels were significantly lower in the PSA group than in the non-PSA group, and they were negatively associated with HAMA scores (r=-0.371, p<0.001). After adjusting for all potential confounders, IL-10 levels remained an independent predictor of PSA (odds ratio=0.471, 95% confidence interval=0.237–0.936, p=0.032). IL-10 levels were strongly correlated with behavior during interviews, psychic anxiety, and somatic anxiety. Patients without PSCI had higher IL-10 levels were higher in non-PSCI patients than in PSCI patients, and they were positively associated with MMSE scores in the bivariate correlation analysis (r=0.169, p=0.038), and also with memory capacity, naming ability, and copying capacity.However, IL-10 did not predict PSCI in the univariable or multivariable logistic regression. Conclusions Low IL-10 levels were associated with increased risks of PSA and PSCI at a 1-month follow-up after stroke. Serum IL-10 levels may therefore be helpful in predicting PSA.

Twenty-four isolates of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) prevailing during 1997 -- 2005 in China were collected. These isolates were purified by CEF plaque assay and replicated in SPF chicken embryos. The hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) genes of these viruses were cloned and sequenced. The HN gene sequences of thirty-six NDV reference strains in GenBank were also used in this study. The amino acid homologing of these viruses were compared and analyzed. The correlations among different fragments of HN gene were also analyzed. The results indicated that the homology of Chinese field NDV strains was 94.4%-99.4%, but 86.9%-89% compared with LaSota and Clone30, 87.9%-89.9% to F48E9, and 87.2%-96.2% to foreign NDV strains. There had the nearest distances among Chinese NDV isolates as compared with that of the LaSota, Clone30 and F48E9 by the phylogenetic tree. However, the distances of seven foreign NDV isolates were very close to Chinese NDV isolates as compared with these of the other foreign NDV isolates. We also found that all the Chinese field isolates were devoid of glycosylation site in position 538 -- 540. There were good correlations between different length amino acid fragments and the genomes of HN, especially the 5'-terminus first 80aa.
Animals ; Chick Embryo ; Chickens ; China ; HN Protein ; genetics ; Newcastle disease virus ; classification ; genetics ; Phylogeny

OBJECTIVETo explore the changes and relationship between serum soluble P-selectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in coronary heart disease patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection.

METHODSThe levels of circulating soluble P-selectin, TNF-alpha, HCMV-IgM and HCMV-IgG were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 79 cases for ACS group, 30 cases for stable angina (SA) group and 30 healthy control cases.

RESULTS(1) The serum positive rate of HCMV-IgM and HCMV-IgG in the ACS, SA and healthy control groups were 30.4% (24/79), 10.0% (3/30) and 6.7% (2/30); 86.1% (68/79), 80.0% (24/30) and 53.3% (16/30), respectively. Positive rate of HCMV-IgM in the ACS was higher than those in SA and healthy control groups (P < 0.01), positive rate of HCMV-IgG in the ACS and SA groups were higher than that of the healthy control group (P < 0.01). (2) Compared with the SA group and healthy control group, the levels of the serum soluble P-selectin and TNF-alpha were significantly higher in patients with ACS [(6437.3 +/- 666.9) pg/ml vs. (1520.0 +/- 112.7) pg/ml and (1481.0 +/- 109.1) pg/ml, (56.2 +/- 18.4) pg/ml vs. (27.3 +/- 13.7) pg/ml and (28.1 +/- 11.3) pg/ml], respectively, P < 0.01). The AMI group, compared with the UA group in the ACS group, had significantly higher levels of the serum soluble P-selectin and TNF-alpha (P < 0.01). Compared with the SA group, the levels of the serum soluble P-selectin and TNF-alpha were not significantly different in healthy control group. (3) The levels of the serum soluble P-selectin and TNF-alpha in HCMV-IgM positive patients were significantly higher than the HCMV-IgM negative patients in the ACS group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe chronic infection with HCMV might injure endothelial cells that subsequently contribute to the formation and progression of atherosclerosis, the acute infection with HCMV may induce increased serum levels of soluble P-selectin and TNF-alpha that might participate in acute coronary events.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; blood ; virology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cytomegalovirus ; immunology ; physiology ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; blood ; virology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of phloroglucinol in preventing bladder spasm after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

METHODSUsing the random sampling method, we assigned 74 cases of TURP into a treatment group (n = 39), given 80 mg phloroglucinol every day for 3 days, and a control group (n = 35), left untreated. Then we observed the frequency, duration and pain of bladder spasm within the 3 days and compared them between the two groups.

RESULTSThe mean frequency, duration and pain visual analogue score of bladder spasm were (4.3 +/- 1.2) times, (7.2 +/- 2.1) min and 3.2 +/- 1.6 respectively in the treatment group, as compared with (7.5 +/- 2.4) times, (15.6 +/- 6.8) min and 4.7 +/- 2.3 in the control, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). And no obvious adverse reactions were found in the treatment group.

CONCLUSIONPhloroglucinol is safe and effective for the prevention and treatment of bladder spasm following TURP.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phloroglucinol ; therapeutic use ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; adverse effects ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; etiology ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVESTo review the preliminary clinical experience with high-field-strength intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) suite with neuronavigation system in the pituitary adenoma operation with transsphenoidal approach.

METHODSFrom March 2009 to December 2010, 31 patients [range, 29 - 76 years, mean age (47 ± 11) years]of pituitary adenoma were operated with transsphenoidal approach and intraoperatively with a movable 1.5 T high-field-strength iMRI suite in combination with neuronavigation system. Tumor size was 1.8 - 7.3 cm, mean (3.5 ± 1.2) cm. Twenty-five cases were non-functional pituitary adenoma, 4 cases were prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma, 2 cases were growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma. Thirty patients' resection with transnasal transsphenoidal approach were performed, one patient with transoral transsphenoidal approach was performed.

RESULTSIn 12 cases of 30 patients who planed to totally remove tumor, iMRI had revealed residual lesions and resulted in the change of the surgical strategy, 2 invasive cavernous sinus cases no further resection of the tumor because of internal carotid artery encasement, the other 10 cases resected further, eventually. Finally, 8 cases were totally removed. The ratio of total removal tumor was enhanced to 86.7% (26/30) from 60.0% (18/30). There was no perioperative mortality.

CONCLUSIONSHigh-field-strength iMRI suite with neuronavigation system provides valuable information of tumor resection that allows intraoperative modification of the surgical strategy. It could be very helpful to maximize the resection of the pituitary adenoma and minimize the injury to neurological function.

Adenoma ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Cavernous Sinus ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; methods ; Neuronavigation ; methods ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the changes of serum leptin (LEP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in children with congenital heart disease(CHD) and their roles in CHD.

METHODSForty-eight children with acyanotic CHD (ACHD group), 20 age-matched children with cyanotic CHD (CCHD group) and 20 healthy children (control group) were enrolled. The ACHD group was subdivided into two groups with (n=20) or without concurrent heart failure (n=28). Serum LEP, VEGF, total protein and albumin levels and body mass index (BMI) were measured.

RESULTSSerum total protein and albumin levels were not apparently different in all CHD children from healthy controls, but there was a significant difference in the BMI between them (p<0.01). Serum LEP and VEGF levels and the ratio of LEP/BMI in all CHD children were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (p<0.01). Compared with the ACHD group without heart failure, the serum LEP and VEGF levels and the ratio of LEP/BMI in the CCHD and the ACHD with heart failure groups increased significantly (p<0.01). In the ACHD group, serum LEP level was positively correlated with BMI (p<0.01). In the CCHD group, there were positive correlations between serum LEP level and serum VEGF level (p<0.01) and between hemoglobin concentration and serum VEGF level (p<0.01). Arterial oxygen saturation was negatively correlated with serum VEGF (p<0.01) and LEP levels (p<0.01) in the CCHD group.

CONCLUSIONSBoth VEGF and LEP play roles in the pathophisiological process of CHD. VEGF and LEP are associated with the development of heart failure in children with ACHD.

Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; blood ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Humans ; Infant ; Leptin ; blood ; Male ; Oxygen ; blood ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood