This paper introduces the designing process of a massaging machine on the basis of Pro/Engineer. The machine has realized the virtual design and movement simulation for the product. It's computer-controlled system has greatly improved the automatic level of the massaging machine which has broad prospects for popularization and application.
Equipment Design ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Man-Machine Systems ; Massage ; instrumentation ; User-Computer Interface

Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hepatitis C ; diagnosis ; Hepatitis C Antibodies ; blood ; Humans ; RNA, Viral ; blood

AIM: To investigate the time - effect relationship between the expression of rhodopsin and recoverin and photoreceptor damage induced by N - nethl - N -nitrosourea ( MNU) .
METHODS: Thirty-six 7-week old Sprague-Dawley ( SD ) rats were intraperitoneally injected with MNU ( 60mg/kg ) and were put to death by dislocation of cervical vertebra 6, 12, 24h; 3, 7d after injection ( 6 per group) , respectively. As a control, six rats were injected with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) 5mL/kg and sacrificed on d3 after injection. The degree of photoreceptor apoptosis was detected by HE staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling ( TUNEL ) and transmission electron microscope ( TEM ) in the right eyes. The mRNA expressions of rhodopsin and recoverin were detected different time after injection by Western blot and immunohistochemical method in the left eyes.
RESULTS:The dissolution of photoreceptor nucleus and apoptosis body were first perceived at 12h by TEM; most of cells at outer nuclear layer were presented positive reaction. The apoptotic index reached peak ( 29. 7% ±2.3%) at 24h which was coincided with the observation of TEM. The results of immunohistochemistry displayed that rhodopsin and recoverin were on a declining curve with time extension. Furthermore, the results of Western blot indicated that rhodopsin had dramatic decline at 6h after injection (P<0. 05), and extremely significant difference comparing to control group after 12h ( P<0. 01 ); while recoverin dramatic declined at 12h, and extremely significant difference after 24h (P<0. 01).
CONCLUSION:60mg/kg MNU intraperitoneally injection one - time may specifically induce photoreceptor apoptosis, The mechanism of down - regulation of rhodopsin and recoverin may be related to the selected apoptosis of photoreceptors.

A three-dimensional biomechanical tracting appliance is introduced in the article, which is used to treat the protrusion of intervertebral disc. The appliance is light, practical, adjustable 3D biomechanic, simple and with multiple functions and convenient operation.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; therapy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Traction ; instrumentation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship among a 50-Hz MF-induced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) clustering, acid sphingomyelinase (A-SMase) and ceramide (CER), and to explore the possible mechanism of receptor clustering.

METHODSHuman amnion (FL) cells were exposed to a 50-Hz sinusoidal magnetic field at 0.4 mT for 15 min with or without imipramine, a specific inhibitor of A-SMase and ceramide pretreatment. EGF treatment served as the positive control and DMSO treatment served as the solvent control. The EGFR was labeled with polyclonal anti-EGFR antibody and the clustering of EGFR was analyzed using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. The percentage of cells with EGFR clustering was counted and compared.

RESULTSBoth EGF treatment and 50-Hz MF exposure could induce EGFR clustering. However, the effect could be eliminated by imipramine pretreatment for 4 hours. When FL cells were incubated with ceramide following the imipramine pretreatment for 30 min, EGFR clustering induced by 50-Hz MF exposure could be recovered.

CONCLUSIONEGFR clustering induced by 50-Hz MF depends on A-SMase activity, and ceramide, as the hydrolyzate from A-SMase might participate in the process of EGFR clustering.

Amnion ; cytology ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Ceramides ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Magnetic Fields ; adverse effects ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase ; metabolism ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo construct an apparatus for the oxygen uptake measurement of rats exposed to hypobaric hypoxia at different simulated altitude.

METHODSThe capacity of this apparatus was about 0.01 m3. It included animal experimental cabin, reference cabin, altimeter, altitude vertical velocity indicator, pressure difference inductor and oxygen compensator, low scale manometer, soda lime and calcium chloride, small fan, thermometer, circulating water system and vacuum pump. The oxygen uptake of the rats at 6 000 m, 4 000 m and 1 000 m simulated altitude was measured using this apparatus.

RESULTSThe oxygen uptake of the rats at 50 m, 4 000 m and 6 000 m simulated altitude was (24.4 +/- 2.1), (10.8 +/- 2.0) and (8.8 +/- 1.6) ml O2/(kg x min) respectively (average +/- s, n = 10). The oxygen uptake decreased as altitude increased.

CONCLUSIONThis apparatus can be used to measure the oxygen uptake of the rats at different simulated altitude.

Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Computer Simulation ; Equipment and Supplies ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Oxygen Consumption ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and toxicity of methotrexate (MTX) give intravenously in the primary treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT).

METHODSA total of 37 patients with low-risk GTT was primarily treated by single MTX in Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University. Data on the patients' age, clinical stage, WHO classification criteria, antecedent pregnancy, presenting level of human chorionic gonadotropin, courses of chemotherapy required to achieve complete remission, and toxicity related to chemotherapy treatments were collected.

RESULTSThirty-seven patients with low-risk GTT totally received 137 cycles of MTX between Oct. 1999 and Sep. 2002, 34 patients (91.9%) achieved complete remission. Twenty-nine patients received multiple courses of MTX, complete remission was induced in 26 patients (89.7%). The complete response rates of I stage and III stage were 100.0% and 70.0% (P = 0.03) respectively in patients who were received multiple courses of MTX. However, eight patients received single course of chemotherapy, 7 patients achieved complete remission, and 1 achieved complete remission after another additional course of MTX was conducted. Grade III side effects (WHO criteria) only appeared in 7 courses (5.1%) during MTX treatment. Follow-up data showed that only one patient with single course of chemotherapy relapsed after 6 months.

CONCLUSIONSingle MTX chemotherapy may be effective and well tolerated for low-risk GTT.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; Choriocarcinoma ; drug therapy ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Gestational Trophoblastic Disease ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Methotrexate ; administration & dosage ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo study the clinic application of compound flap pedicled with arterial arch of palpebral margin in repairing severe full defect of eyelid.

METHODSAccording to eyelid structure and the defect size, the two compound flaps were designed beside the defect based on the arterial arch of the palpebral margin. If the defective area was too large, the lateral compound flap may be extended to lower or upper eyelid 0.5 cm away from the outer canthus, then cut and propelled the two compound flaps to repair the full eyelid defect.

RESULTS20 cases had been cured with this method since 1998. In this cases, 4 cases were basal cell carcinoma of eyelid, 2 cases were squamous carcinoma, 3 angiomas, 6 chromatophore nexuses, 3 traumatic defects, 2 congenital defects. The largest length of eyelid full defect was 1.7 cm and the smallest was 0.8 cm. 6 cases were upper eyelid defect and 14 cases were lower eyelid defect. All the compound flaps survived completely without any complications. All cases obtained satisfactory results functionally and esthetically.

CONCLUSIONSRepairing full eyelid defect with the compound eyelid flap is the same kind tissue repairing. It can not only provide enough tissues to primary repair large full defect of the upper or lower eyelid to restore normal anatomical structure and appearance of the eyelid, but also is easy to be operated without severe secondary deformities. The arterial arch of the palpebral margin is constant and the blood supply of the compound flap is reliable. It is an ideal method of repairing the eyelid defect.

Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eyelids ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmic Artery ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of combined testing of urinary bladder cancer antigen(UBC),hyaluronic acid(HA)and survivin in the detection of bladder cancer.Methods This study included 64 bladder cancer patients and 20 urinary benign disease patients.The examinations of urine UBC by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),HA by radioimmunology assay,survivin by RT-PCR and urine cytology were performed in them.Results The sensitivity of UBC(85.9%,55/64),HA (89.1%,57/64)and survivin(93.8%,60/64)was significantly higher than that of urine cytology (40.6%,P＜0.01).The specificity of UBC,HA,survivin and urine cytology was 85.0%(17/20),80.0% (16/20),95.0%(19/20)and 95.0%(19/20),respectively;there was no significant difference among these 4 methods(P＞0.05).The sensitivity of UBC,HA and survivin was also significantly higher than that of urine cytology in different histologic stages and grades(P＜0.05).The sensitivity of UBC and survivin was not significantly different among different histologie stages and grades(P＞0.05).With regard to HA test, the sensitivity in G_2 and G_3 groups was significantly higher than G_1 group(P＜0.01),but there was no differ- ence between G_2 and G_3 groups(P＞0.05);and no difference among different histologic stages(P＞0.05). However,the sensitivity of cytology was improved with the higher grade of bladder cancer(P＜0.01);there was no difference among histologic stages(P＞0.05),By combined use of UBC,HA and survivin,both the sensitivity and specificity were 100%.Conclusions The study indicates that UBC,HA and survivin are better diagnostic markers for the early detection of urinary bladder cancer.These tests are simple,feasible and noninvasive with higher sensitivity and specificity.In addition,combined use of them can improve the diag- nostic sensitivity and specificity.

Objective To summarize the effectiveness in monitoring activities for healthcare-associated infection (HAI)in China in the past 30 years,explore the changing trend in HAI monitoring,find a new model for the moni-toring of HAI in China.Methods A total of 194 comprehensive hospitals and military hospitals in 13 provinces (au-tonomous regions,municipalities)were selected,questionnaire survey was adopted to investigate the situation of HAI monitoring.Results Of 194 hospitals,184 (94.85%)had available data after being checked,incidence of HAI in secondary and tertiary hospitals were 0.78% and 1.58% respectively,difference was significant (P <0.01).Monitoring was divided into two stages,cumulative percentage of each monitoring activity before 2006 and during 2006-2016 were respectively as follows:environmental hygiene were 73.91% and 100.00%,disinfection ef-ficacy 69.57% and 97.28%,overall comprehensive monitoring 64.67% and 98.91%,surgical site infection(SSI) 13.04% and 94.57%,ICU HAI 4.89% and 87.50%,neonatal HAI 1.75% and 60.82%,multidrug-resistant or-ganisms(MDROs)5.43% and 95.65%,hand hygiene compliance 2.17% and 93.48%,antimicrobial agents 15.22% and 87.50%.The reporting rate of HAI outbreak in tertiary hospitals was higher than secondary hospitals (33.33% [n=37]vs 16.44%[n=12],P =0.01).Conclusion The monitoring of HAI in China starts late,but develops rapidly,defects still exist in HAI monitoring system,reporting rate of HAI cases is still high,reporting rate of HAI outbreak is low.