Adult ; Aged ; Cross Infection ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications

This paper reported the suitable medium of L S-1 stain in detail,which could yield natural blue pigment.Single-factor exper imental design shows that the best carbon source was 2% glucose and nitrogen was 0 1% KNO 3.Orthogonal experimental design shows that the most suitable fermen tation medium was consisted of 4% glucose,0 1% KNO 3,0 075% salt and 10?g/m L FeSO 4.The best cultivation temperature was 30℃ and pH7 4.The dissolved oxyg en on the process of fermentation,as well as the variety of pH and the utilized condition of carbon and nitrogen were measured and analyzed.The separation of th is blue pigment by HPLC shows that this material contains actinorhordin and at l east other four ingredients.

Objective To investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor function of upper limbs of stroke patients. Methods 80 stroke patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Both groups accepted routine rehabilitation, while the experimental group accepted anodal stimulation, and the control group received sham stimulation. They were assessed with Brunnstrom stages of arms and hands, Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) of upper extremities, Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Motor Assessment Scale (MAS) and modified Barthel Index (MBI) before and 1 month after treatment. Results All the scores improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.05), and improved more in the Brunnstrom stages of arms and hands, FMA, ARAT in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion tDCS may promote the recovery of arms and hands function of stroke patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the mechanisms of intestine absorption of astragaloside IV in rat.

METHODThe K(a) and P(app) of astragaloside IV was investigated using single-pass intestinal perfusion technique in rats. HPLC was used to determine the concentration of astragaloside IV. The effect of absorption site, drug concentration and the inhibitors of P-glycoproteon on the absorption had been studied.

RESULTBy the testing of the statistics, the K(a) and the P(app) values of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colonic had significant differences (P < 0.05). The concentration from 20-80 mg x L(-1) had no distinctive effect on the K(a) and P(app) of small intestine. The inhibitors of P-glycoproteon had no distinctive effect on the absorption of small intestine.

CONCLUSIONAstragaloside IV is absorbed by typical passive diffusion mechanism.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Intestinal Absorption ; drug effects ; Intestines ; metabolism ; Kinetics ; Male ; Perfusion ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saponins ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Triterpenes ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Verapamil ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo examine granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) expression in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well as discuss its clinicopathological significance.

METHODSSpecimens were obtained from 114 cases (53 cases with granulocyte infiltration) diagnosed pathologically as NSCLC in General Hospital of PLA. Paraffin-embedded tissues from these 114 cases of NSCLC were examined for expression of G-CSF by immunohistochemical staining. Correlation between G-CSF expression and pathological features, clinical manifestation, prognosis of patients with NSCLC was analyzed statistically. All the patients were retrospectively followed-up.

RESULTSFifty-five of the 114 NSCLC specimens expressed G-CSF, and among these 41 (41/54, 75.9%) were large cell carcinoma, nine (9/30, 30.0%) were adenocarcinoma and five (5/30, 16.7%) were squamous cell carcinoma. The expression was significantly correlated with infiltration of tumor mass by neutrophilic granulocytes, histological type, necrosis, differentiation, lymph node metastases, distant metastases, recurrence and survival period (P < 0.01). There was no significant correlation with primary tumor size (P > 0.05). Logistic multi-factor analysis revealed that necrosis, lymph nodes metastases and distant metastases RR (risk ratio) in G-CSF positive group was 5.57, 6.28 and 5.24 times higher than those of G-CSF negative group (P < 0.05). There were remarkable difference of 5-year survival rates (0 and 12.1% respectively) and survival period (42 and 62 months respectively) between positive and negative groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSNSCLC with G-CSF excretion are mainly large cell lung cancer. The pathologic characteristics of these cases with G-CSF expression included poor differentiation, remarkable atypia, prominent necrosis and infiltration of tumor mass by neutrophils or emperipolesis. These tumors are usually more aggressive in biological behavior and have worse prognosis than those without G-CSF expression.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

BACKGROUNDResults of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (pmVSD) transcatheter closure have been reported in the literature mostly using a Amplatzer VSD device. However, the data of percutaneous closure of pmVSD with VSD occluder (VSD-O) made in China are still limited. We sought to analyze safety, efficacy, and follow-up results of percutaneous closure of pmVSD with VSD-O made in China.

METHODSBetween February 2005 and June 2009, 78 patients underwent percutaneous closure of pmVSD at our institution. A VSD device made in China was used for all subjects. The safety and the efficacy of the VSD-O were investigated.

RESULTSThe average age at closure was 11 years (range 2.5 to 44 years). The attempt to place device was successful in 74 patients (94.9%). The average device size used was 8 mm (range 5 to 16 mm). No deaths occurred. Total occlusion rate was 62.8% at completion of the procedure, rising up to 87.2% at discharge and 99.0% during follow-up. A total of eight early complications occurred (10.3%), but in all subjects these were transient. The average follow-up period was 40.5 months. The most significant complication was complete atrioventricular block (cAVB) in the early phase (five subjects, 6.4%) and during the follow-up (1 subject, 1.3%), which saw no need for pacemaker implantation in six subjects. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the age was only the variable significantly associated with the occurrence of this complication during the procedure (P = 0.025; relative risk 0.22). The subjects who experienced this complication were less than five years old.

CONCLUSIONSPercutaneous pmVSD closure used VSD-O made in China is associated with excellent success and closure rates, no mortality, and low morbidity. Longer follow-up data and improvements in device characteristics are needed to reduce the risk of cAVB.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cardiac Catheterization ; adverse effects ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To understand the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary infection in patients undergoing spinal surgery,and put forward the intervention measures.Methods Patients who underwent spinal surgery in a hospital from May 2008 to June 2016 were analyzed retrospectively,they were divided into non-pulmonary infection group and pulmonary infection group according to whether they had postoperative pulmonary infection,clinical data of two groups were compared.Results A total of 612 patients who underwent spinal surgery were monitored,43 had postoperative pulmonary infection,incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection was 7.03％.Univariate analysis showed that 14 risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients after spinal surgery were as follows:length of hospital stay≥30 days,long-term smoking,chronic pulmonary disease,diabetes,number of surgical level≥2,general anesthesia,duration of operation≥4 hours,bleeding≥500mL,time of bed rest≥7 days,use of glucocorticoid,indwelling urinary catheter,mechanical ventilation,serum albumin＜30 g/L,blood glucose≥1 1mmol/L,and hemoglobin＜90 g/L(P＜0.05);while atomization inhalation was a protective factor(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that 6 independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients after spinal surgery were as follows:length of hospital stay≥30 days,long-term smoking,chronic pulmonary disease,general anesthesia,time of bed rest≥7 days,and use of glucocorticoid(all P＜0.05),while atomization inhalation was a independent protective factor(P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with pulmonary infection after spinal surgery is related to multiple factors,comprehensive and effective preventive measures should be taken according to the risk factors of postoperative pulmonary infection,so as to reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection in spinal surgery patients.

BACKGROUNDMost previous neuroimaging studies have focused on the structural and functional abnormalities of local brain regions in major depressive disorder (MDD). Moreover, the exactly topological organization of networks underlying MDD remains unclear. This study examined the aberrant global and regional topological patterns of the brain white matter networks in MDD patients.

METHODSThe diffusion tensor imaging data were obtained from 27 patients with MDD and 40 healthy controls. The brain fractional anisotropy-weighted structural networks were constructed, and the global network and regional nodal metrics of the networks were explored by the complex network theory.

RESULTSCompared with the healthy controls, the brain structural network of MDD patients showed an intact small-world topology, but significantly abnormal global network topological organization and regional nodal characteristic of the network in MDD were found. Our findings also indicated that the brain structural networks in MDD patients become a less strongly integrated network with a reduced central role of some key brain regions.

CONCLUSIONSAll these resulted in a less optimal topological organization of networks underlying MDD patients, including an impaired capability of local information processing, reduced centrality of some brain regions and limited capacity to integrate information across different regions. Thus, these global network and regional node-level aberrations might contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of MDD from the view of the brain network.

Adult ; Anisotropy ; Brain ; pathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; pathology ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Aged ; Beijing ; China ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Temperature

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relation between the alleles of HLA-DRB1*04 and outcome of HBV infection.

METHODSThe alleles of HLA-DRB1*04 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP). The frequency of allele of HLA-DRB1*04 in four groups[106 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers (group ASC), 93 chronic hepatitis B patients (group CHB), 77 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis and 102 cases of spontaneous recovery after HBV infection (control group)] were studied, and the frequency of that in different replication of HBV was also studied.

RESULTSThe frequency of allele of HLA-RB1*04 in groups ASC, CHB and hepatitis B cirrhosis was markedly higher than that of control group (25.94%, 26.34%, 27.92% respectively versus 14.22%, P< 0.01); the frequency of HLA-DRB1*0401 in groups ASC, CHB and hepatitis B cirrhosis was also higher than that of control group (20.91%, 24.49%, 22.09% respectively versus 8.62%, P< 0.05, P< 0.01,P< 0.05 respectively); the frequency of HLA-DRB1*0405 in groups ASC, CHB and hepatitis B cirrhosis was lower than that of control group (3.64%, 2.04%, 3.49% respectively versus 15.52%, P< 0.01, P< 0.01, P< 0.05 respectively ). There was no statistical significance in the allele frequency of HLA-DRB1*04 among groups ASC, CHB and hepatitis B cirrhosis (P> 0.05), and the same result was observed in different replication of HBV (P> 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHLA-DRB1*04 gene is one of the factors which determine the outcomes of HBV infection, while it has no influence on HBV replication.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Alleles ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; HLA-DR Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Hepatitis B ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Prognosis ; Young Adult