Objective To study the prognosis of patients with asymptomatic gallstones and explore prognostic factors.Methods The clinical data of 227 patients with asymptomatic gallstones in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University from December 2013 to March 2016 were collected.All patients were followed with questionnaire,finally 192 cases were had been enrolled,of which 57 cases with clinical symptoms were symptom group and 135 cases with no clinical symptons were asymptomatic group.The prognostic factors were analyzed by un-ivariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant difference in the num-ber of stones,stone size,diabetes,high fat diet and body mass index between the two groups(P <0.05).The Logistic regression analysis showed that multiple stones,stone diameter ≥1 cm,diabetes were the major risk factors for prognosis in asymptomatic gallstones.Conclusion Multiple gallbladder stones,stone diameter ≥1 cm,diabetes,high fat diet and obesity may be the major prognostic factors for patients with a-symptomatic gallstones.

Objective To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD,CD34) in inoculated hepatic alveolar echinococcsis gerbil model and explore the clinical significance.Methods Sixty healthy gerbils were randomly divided into model group,control group and sham operation group.Each gerbil in both model and control groups had liver vaccination with 0.1 ml immature alveolar echinococcus protoscolex suspension or 0.1 ml phosphate buffered saline by open abdominal surgery,respectively,and the sham operation group only had abdominal surgical procedures.Gerbils were put to death on the 120th day post operation,extracted the eyeball and drawn the blood.The alveolar hydatid tissue,surrounding and distal liver tissue were removed from the model group,and normal liver tissue was collected from the other two groups.The VEGF and MVD-CD34 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry staining,Western Blot,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa).Results Liver alveolar echinococcsis tissue was only observed in model group.The VEGF expression was observed as yellow or brown yellow granules located in the cytoplasma.The VEGF score and VEGF/β-actin ratio in the different parts were 5.13 ± 1.81 and 1.12 ± 0.05,4.20 ± 1.52 and 0.91 ± 0.02,2.46 ± 1.06 and 0.28 ±0.02,2.20 ±0.77 and 0.30 ±0.02,2.13 ± 1.72 and 0.25 ±0.01,respectively.The VEGF expression in different histological sites showed a gradient change,and bubble hydatid tissues had the highest VEGF expression (P ＜ 0.05).CD34 was expressed in alveolar hydatid tissue and surrounding liver tissue in model group and the CD34 positive cells was stained brown,while CD34 was mainly located in the cell membrane of endothelial cells.The CD34 scores and the CD34/β-actin ratio in the different parts were 5.06 ± 2.46 and 0.66 ±0.01,2.43 ± 1.26 and 0.58 ±0.02,and the other tissues did not have CD34 expression.The alveolar hydatid tissue had higher CD34 expression than any other tissues (P ＜ 0.05).The respective serum VEGF and CD34 level in each group was (106.17 ± 14.17)pg/ml,(38.13 ± 21.36)pg/ml,(42.88 ±17.25) pg/ml,and (1.47 ± 0.28) ng/ml;(0.82 ± 0.12) ng/ml,(0.72 ± 0.16) ng/ml,both are higher in model group than those in the other groups with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Angiogenesis is detected in gerbil alveolar hydatid tissues,which might be involved in the infiltrating growth of alveococcus.

Objective To study the expression of mdm2 genes in nephroblastoma in children and relationship between mdm2 gene and clinical pathological parameters.Methods The protein expressions of mdm2 in 24 cases of nephroblastoma were detected with S-P immunohistochemical method.The relationships between mdm2 expression and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed.Results The positive rates of mdm2 in 24 cases of nephroblastoma were correlated with lymph node metastasis,clinical stage and tumor differentiation.There was a positive relationship between mdm2 protein expression and clinicopathological parameters such as lymph node metastasis,clinical stage and degree of differentiation(P

Background The pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma(POAG) and high myopia are very complex.To construct the regulatory network of virulence genes and relevant genes that involved in pathogenicity are helpful for reveal of the pathogenesis.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate myocilin(Myoc),a gene that contributes to POAG and high myopia in eyes of BXD Recombinant Inbred(BXD RI)mice and construct the regulatory network of Myoc.Methods The affymetrix microarray system was used to detect the differential expression of Myoc in the eyes of C57BL/6J(B6),DBA/2J(D2) and BXD RI mice.Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping was performed to construct the regulatory network of Myoc gene.Results The average expression level of the Myoc gene in the BXD strains was 10.83,and the gene exhibited expression levels ranging from 8.39 in BXD55 mice tol 1.43 in B6 mice.The eQTL mapping for the Myoc gene showed a significant likelihood ratio statistic (LRS) of 21.78.The QTL was mapped in chromosome 2,and Myoc was located on chromosome 1,indicating that the Myoc gene was a trans-acting QTL.Olfml2a was identified to be a candidate upstream gene of Myoc by analysis of bioinformatics.Genetic regulatory network analysis demonstrated that a series of genes associated with Myoc probably played roles in the pathogenesis and development of POAG and high myopia.Conclusions The genetical genomics approach provides a powerful tool for constructing pathways that contribute to complex traits,such as POAG and high myopia.

Objective: To understand the relationship between coxsackievirus B and pediatric diseases. Methods: The infectious state of coxsackievirus B in hospitalized children were studied. Among 796 children studied, there were 218 upper respiratory tract infection cases, 179 pneumonia, 106 asthma, 155 myocarditis, 19 allergic purpura and 89 other diseases. The antigen (CVB-Ag) and IgM (CVB-IgM) were detected using ELISA method. Results: (1)There were 47% positive of CVB in upper respiratory tract infection and 48% positive of CVB in pneumonia(no difference between them, P>0.05). (2) There were 62% positive of CVB in asthma, 61% positive of CVB in myocarditis and 68% positive of CVB in allergic purpura(no difference among them, P>0.05)； But the positive rate of CVB in asthma, myocarditis and purpura were higher than in upper respiratory tract infection and pneumonia, (P<0.05). (3) There were lower positive rate of CVB in other kinds of diseases (16%) and in healthy children (3%)(no difference between them, P>0.05). Conclusion: CVB infection was related to several kinds of diseases, the relationship between CVB infection and diseases such as asthma, myocarditis, and allergic purpura should be further studied.

Objective To evaluate the effects of various polysorbates(PS)on the stability of different types of monoclonal antibody(mAb)drugs.Methods Three types of monoclonal antibodies mAbA(IgG1 proantibody drug),mAbB(IgG1 mAb)and mAbC(IgG1 mAb with Fc N297A mutation)were used as model proteins,and different kinds or contents of PS were added into the mAb formulations respectively to investigate the influencing factors.The effects of PS on the stability of mAb drugs were evaluated comprehensively by detecting the changes of quality attributes,such as protein aggregates and insoluble particles.Results PS20 and PS80 showed no significant difference in inhibiting the formation of aggregates and charge variants in the three mAbs(P>0.05),while the addition of PS80 in mAbB and PS20 in mAbC significantly inhibited the increase of insoluble particles respectively(P<0.05);The content of PS20 showed a significant effect on the detection indexes of charge variants and insoluble particles in mAbC(P<0.05).Conclusion Different types of mAbs have different sensitivities to various kinds and contents of PS.Therefore,when designing the formulation of mAbs,it is necessary to select appropriate kinds and contents of PS to further improve the stability of mAb drugs.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of combined L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine on idiopathic asthenospermia.

METHODSThirty patients with idiopathic asthenospermia were treated by combined L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine for 3 months after failure to respond to the integrated therapy of Chinese and Western medicine. Semen samples were obtained, analyzed and graded according to the WHO laboratory manual before and after the treatment. Twenty-five of the patients completed the whole study.

RESULTSCombined L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine statistically improved the sperm vitality (24.89 +/- 12.28)%, grade a + b sperm motility (16.04 +/- 8.33)% and the total sperm count per ejaculate (76.79 +/- 43.14) x 10(6), with a significant difference from pre-treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCombined L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine has a supplementary effect in the treatment of idiopathic asthenospermia and improves the semen quality of the patient.

Acetylcarnitine ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Adult ; Asthenozoospermia ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Male ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; drug effects ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUNDSome studies found that cholinesterase (ChE) can be an independent risk factor for patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. To assess aged patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) early and predict their prognosis, the predictive value of ChE for the prognosis of aged patients with SIRS was analyzed.

METHODSFrom September 2009 to September 2010, all aged patients with SIRS in the ICU of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine were retrospectively analyzed if they met inclusion criteria: patients aged ≥ 65 years and met American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference criteria for SIRS. Serum ChE, albumin, D-dimer, lactic acid and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured, and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores were evaluated within the first 24 hours in the ICU. Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of the primary disease between the deceased group and surviving group. For comparison of study variables between the two groups, the Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used. Multivariate significance was tested with binary Logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThe clinical data of 124 aged patients with SIRS were collected and analyzed. Sixty-six patients (46 male, 20 female, mean age (78.70 ± 8.08) years) who died were included in the deceased group and 58 patients (34 male, 24 female, mean age (76.02 ± 6.57) years) who survived were included in the surviving group. There were no significant differences in age, gender, APACHE II score and GCS score between the deceased group and surviving group (all P > 0.05), but there were significant differences in lactic acid (P = 0.011), D-dimer (P = 0.011), albumin (P = 0.007), CRP (P = 0.008), and ChE (P < 0.0001). The correlation analysis showed that the APACHE II score and CRP were not correlated with ChE (both P < 0.05). D-dimer and albumin were correlated with ChE (Spearman's rho correlation coefficients were -0.206 and 0.324, the corresponding P values were 0.022 and < 0.0001). Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age, gender, lactic acid, D-dimer, albumin, CRP, APACHE II score, and GCS score were not independent risk factors for prognosis of aged patients with SIRS, but that ChE was (P < 0.0001). The receiver operating characteristic curve of ChE had an area under the curve of 0.797 (standard error = 0.04; P < 0.0001), and a ChE of 103.00 U/L was the cut-off value with sensitivity = 0.793, specificity = 0.742.

CONCLUSIONSerum ChE might be a predictive marker for the prognosis of aged patients with SIRS, with low serum ChE levels indicating poor prognosis.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cholinesterases ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; blood ; enzymology ; pathology

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of combined testing of urinary bladder cancer antigen(UBC),hyaluronic acid(HA)and survivin in the detection of bladder cancer.Methods This study included 64 bladder cancer patients and 20 urinary benign disease patients.The examinations of urine UBC by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),HA by radioimmunology assay,survivin by RT-PCR and urine cytology were performed in them.Results The sensitivity of UBC(85.9%,55/64),HA (89.1%,57/64)and survivin(93.8%,60/64)was significantly higher than that of urine cytology (40.6%,P＜0.01).The specificity of UBC,HA,survivin and urine cytology was 85.0%(17/20),80.0% (16/20),95.0%(19/20)and 95.0%(19/20),respectively;there was no significant difference among these 4 methods(P＞0.05).The sensitivity of UBC,HA and survivin was also significantly higher than that of urine cytology in different histologic stages and grades(P＜0.05).The sensitivity of UBC and survivin was not significantly different among different histologie stages and grades(P＞0.05).With regard to HA test, the sensitivity in G_2 and G_3 groups was significantly higher than G_1 group(P＜0.01),but there was no differ- ence between G_2 and G_3 groups(P＞0.05);and no difference among different histologic stages(P＞0.05). However,the sensitivity of cytology was improved with the higher grade of bladder cancer(P＜0.01);there was no difference among histologic stages(P＞0.05),By combined use of UBC,HA and survivin,both the sensitivity and specificity were 100%.Conclusions The study indicates that UBC,HA and survivin are better diagnostic markers for the early detection of urinary bladder cancer.These tests are simple,feasible and noninvasive with higher sensitivity and specificity.In addition,combined use of them can improve the diag- nostic sensitivity and specificity.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human-growth hormone (rhGH) in the treatment of idiopathic asthenospermia.

METHODSForty patients with idiopathic asthenospermia were recruited, randomly divided into an rhGH group and a control group and treated for 3 months. In addition to routine treatment, the rhGH group (n = 18) received rhGH, while the control group (n = 18) underwent the routine treatment only. Before and after the treatment, semen samples were obtained, analyzed and graded according to the WHO laboratory manual, and the serum sexual hormone, thyroxin, liver and kidney function, blood cholesterol and blood glucose level were detected.

RESULTSSperm vitality was statistically increased, (28.60 +/- 32.89) % in the rhGH group and (8.42 +/- 25.87) % in the control (P < 0.01), and so was sperm (a + b) motility, (18.56 +/- 21.19) % in the rhGH group and (8.12 +/- 24.34) % in the control (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONrhGH can be used safely as an effective supplement to medicinal treatment of idiopathic asthenospermia.

Asthenozoospermia ; diet therapy ; Human Growth Hormone ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; drug therapy ; Male ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Treatment Outcome