Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Slit2 in different time point after the spinal cord injury of rats.MethodSeventy adult wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: spinal cord injury by fully transection on T10 level spinal cord (Group A); laminectomy and the spinal cord uninjuried (Group B); natural without operation (Group C).Then the rats were sacrificed and the spinal cord was taken out fresh quickly on different time-point(12h, 1, 3, 5, 7d after operation). The tissues perfusion by formaldehyde were taken out on 3, 5, 7, 14d after operation. The expressions of Slit2 were tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical measurement. By means of above,the author investigated the expressions and location of Slit2 after the spinal cord injury.All data were statisticsed by SPSS 11.5 software.ResultThe expression of Slit2 mRNA of appeared in the spinal cord tissue 12 hours after injury, reached peak on the 3rd day, declining gradually later. The positive expression of Slit2 located in the cytoplast on oligodendrocyte and astrocyte.The positive cells were found at 3d after spinal cord injury, reached peak on 7d after injury, declining after 14d. The change of Slit2 was correlative with the rehabilitation and regeneration of the axon on the forepart period.ConclusionAs an important factor in axonal growth-guidance,the author crewed that Slit2 may be participated in the regeneration and rehabilitation of axons after the spinal cord injury.

Objective To investigate the effects of penehyclidine on respiratory mechanics after tracheal intubation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods Sixty-six patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were divided randomely into two groups. Group Ⅰ (penehyclidine group, 33 cases) was intravenously injected 1 mg of penehyclidine before intubation, group Ⅱ (control group, 33 cases)was not given bronchodilator. Lung-chest walt compliance, airway pressure, and resistance were measured at 1 h,4 h,and 6 h after tracheal intubation. Results Patients in group Ⅰ had significantly both lower airway pressure and resistance and higher lung-chest wall compliance than group Ⅱ (P < 0. 05). Conclusion Penehyclidine produces higher lung-chest wall compliance and lower airway pressure and resistance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

BACKGROUND: Tendon injury is common in clinic, which is mainly treated by surgical anastomosis. Postoperative tendon healing is usually assessed through surgeons' experience due to high cost and application restrictions of MRI examination. Thus there is still a lack of a convenient and objective imaging support. With the advancement and widespread application of high-frequency ultrasound, the diagnosis rate of tendon injury has been improved remarkably; thereafter, high-frequency ultrasound used for assessing tendon injury and repair has become an issuehas become an issue of concern.OBJECTIVE: To clarify the ultrasonic imaging features of tendon repair through high-frequency ultrasound scancombined with histological examination.METHODS: This was a single-central, preoperative and self-controlled animal experiment and finished in the Central People'sHospital of Siping, China. 130 adult male Highbrow chickens were selected and were then randomized into 13 groups (n=10per group). One side of each chicken hind foot was randomly selected as experimental limb to undergo achillotomy followedby repair using the modified Kessler method (groups 2-13) or no treatment (group 1); the contralateral limb served as control.Moreover, passive flexion-extension functional training targeting the experimental limbs was performed in the groups 8-13beginning at the 1st day after surgical anastomosis, several times a day. The high-frequency ultrasound and hematoxylineosinstaining were conducted before and after chillotomy (group 1), and at 3 (groups 2 and 8), 7 (groups 3 and 9), 14 (groups4 and 10), 21 (groups 5 and 11), 35 (groups 6 and 12) and 42 (groups 7 and 13) days after surgical anastomosis, respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The primary measurement outcomes were the repair and healing of the injured tendonas assessed by high-frequency ultrasound; the secondary outcomes were the pathological manifestations of the injuredtendon detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Our findings will provide preclinical proof for high-frequency ultrasounduse in the assessment of tendon injury, repair and healing as well as for the rehabilitation therapy that promotes functionrecovery in the future.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of postoperative infection in patients with liver transplantation.Methods Clinical data and laboratory findings of 1 1 3 patients undergoing liver transplantation admitted in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University during January 201 1 and December 201 4 were retrospectively analyzed.Among 1 1 3 patients,postoperative infection occurred in 35 patients,multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of postoperative infection.Results Univariate analysis showed that length of hospital stay,model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)score,preoperative use of antibiotics,duration of postoperative respirator use,length of ICU stay, dosage of albumin,days of parenteral nutrition,intra-abdominal hemorrhage,fasting blood glucose,blood concentration of immunosuppressant (FK506 ),the duration of prophylactic use of antibiotics and pleural effusion were associated with postoperative infection (t =2.56,3.1 9,2.71 and 5.05;χ2 =3.87,5.75,4.66 and 5.46;Z =4.88,3.69,5.86 and 3.90;P <0.05 or <0.01 ).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative use of antibiotics (OR =35.03,95% CI:6.48 -94.64,P <0.01 ),duration of postoperative respirator use (OR =1 .02,95%CI:1 .01 -1 .04,P <0.01 ),days of parenteral nutrition (OR =1 .20,95%CI:1 .07 -1 .35,P <0.01 ),postoperative fasting plasma glucose(OR =1 .46,95%CI:1 .1 0 -2.1 6,P <0.05),the duration of prophylactic antibiotics use (OR =1 .1 0,95%CI:1 .33 -1 .86, P <0.05),and pleural effusion(OR =5.70,95%CI:1 .02 -31 .84,P <0.05 )were independent risk factors of postoperative infection.Conclusion Taken account of possible risk factors,effective prevention and control measures should be taken to prevent postoperative infection after liver transplantation.

Objective:To investigate the association of Subclinical Carotid AtheroSclerosis (SCAS) and prediabetes or Diabetes Mellitus (DM)in the healthy people.Methods:From September 2018 to June 2019, participants who underwent physical examination in the Health Management Center of Beijing Tiantan Hospitial were enrolled consecutively. The baseline characters were collected prospectively. Carotid Ultrasound was evaluated by radiologists according to the standard operating protocol. Univariable analysis and multivariable logistic analysis were used to estimate the association of prediabetes or DM with SCAS.Results:Totally 401 participants were eligible and enrolled. The mean age was (52.2±10.4) years and 43.7% (252/401) of them were females. The prevalence of DM and SCAS were 16.4% (66/401) and 48.9% (196/401) respectively. In the univariate analysis, elder age (≥60 years old) ( OR=5.93, 95% CI: 3.86-9.09, P<0.001), hypertension ( OR=2.76, 95% CI: 1.84-4.15, P<0.01), prediabetes( OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.08-2.58, P<0.05) and DM ( OR=3.60, 95% CI: 1.97-6.58, P<0.01), cigarettes smoking ( OR=2.64, 95% CI: 1.82-3.81, P<0.001), lower HDLlevel<1.04 mmol/L ( OR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.04-2.42, P<0.001) and hyperhomocysteinemia (≥15 μmol/L)( OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.17-4.04, P<0.01) were associated with higher prevalence of SCAS. On the contrary, female sex ( OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.39-0.74, P<0.001) was associated with lower prevalence of SCAS. In the multivariable logistic analysis, elder age(≥60 years old) ( OR=6.04, 95% CI: 3.13-11.7, P<0.01), hypertension ( OR=2.14, 95% CI: 1.13-3.87, P<0.05), cigarettes smoking ( OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.21-3.98, P<0.05) and DM ( OR=2.32, 95% CI: 1.16-4.67, P<0.05) were associated with SCAS independently. The association between prediabetes and SCAS was not statistically significant. Conclusions:DM is independently associated with SCAS in neurological healthy people, while prediabetes tended to increase the risk of SCAS.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of in-hospital delay using alteplase for intravenous thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods From January 2006 to May 2015,220 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology,Tangshan Gongren Hospital Affiliated to North China University of Science and Technology were enrolled retrospectively.They all received alteplase for intravenous thrombolytic therapy.Their mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission was 16±8.According to door-to-needle time (DNT),they were divided into either a delay group (DNT >60 min;n=151) or a non-delay group (DNT ≤60 min;n=69).The baseline data,laboratory tests,onset-to-door (OTD) time,imaging,and etiology classification of trial of org 10172 in acute stroke treatment (TOAST) of both groups were recorded.Univariate analysis was performed on both groups,and further multivariate logistic analysis was performed.Results (1) The proportion of the past history of transient ischemic attack,blood glucose level on admission,time from onset to hospital in the non-delay group were significantly higher than those of the delay group.There were significant differences between the two groups (43.5%[30/69] vs.3.3%[5/151],7.9±3.0 mmol/L vs.6.9±2.1 mmol/L,95±53 min vs.80±34 min,all P<0.05).There were significant differences in the constituent ratio of TOAST classification between the two groups (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in other baseline data and clinical features between the two groups (all P>0.05).(2) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risks of patients with the past history of transient ischemic attack (OR,0.330,95%CI 0.109-0.998,P=0.046),elevated blood glucose levels on admission (OR,0.775,95%CI 0.657-0.914,P=0.005),prolonged onset-to-door time (OR,0.648,95%CI 0.504-0.831,P=0.013),internal carotid artery lesions (OR,0.192,95%CI 0.038-0.960,P=0.044) for occurring in-hospital delay after thrombolysis were low.Systolic pressure on admission(OR,1.275,95%CI 1.091-1.491,P=0.027)and cardioembolism(OR,3.892,95%CI 1.661-9.112,P=0.006) for occurring in-hospital delay after thrombolysisin were high.Conclusion The patients with past history of transient ischemic attack,higher blood glucose,prolonged onset-to-door time,and having internal carotid artery lesions may be cause the attention of family members and doctors,and were less prone to having thrombolytic in-hospital delay,whereas those with higher systolic blood pressure on admission and cardioembolism were prone to having in-hospital delay.

Objective To study the indication,feasibility and short-term efficacy of combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical esophagectomy for the treatment of esophageal cancer.Methods Retrospective medical records analysis was conducted for 139 esophageal cancer patients who underwent combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy in our department from December 2009 to August 2011.The tumors were located in upper esophagus in 16 cases,middle esophagus in 107 cases,and lower esophagus in 16 cases.The surgery started with the thoracoscopic mobilization of thoracic esophagus and lymph nodes dissection,which were followed by the laparoscopic stomach mobilization and gastroesophageal anastomosis in left neck.Postoperative pathological staging identified stage Ⅰ esophageal cancer in 25 cases ( stage Ⅰ a:13 cases,stage Ⅰ b:12 cases),stage Ⅱ esophageal cancer in 71 cases,stage Ⅲ esophageal cancer in 31 cases ( stage Ⅲ a:16 cases,stage Ⅲ b:15 cases) and stage Ⅳ esophageal cancer in 12 cases.Results Except for open conversions in 4 cases (2.9％),all surgical operations were completed smoothly.Postoperative anastomotic leak was found in 6 cases(4.3％ ),chylothorax in 1 case(0.7％ ),arrhythmia in 4 cases(2.9％ ),and dumping syndrome in 1 case( 0.7％ ).All of these complicated cases fully recovered after conservative treatments.Postoperative lung infection was found 11 cases (7.9％),3 of whom required tracheotomy and assisted ventilation and 1 case died as a result of the infection (mortality rate:0.7％ ).Ten cases(7.2％ ) presented with hoarseness postoperatively.Out of the 139 cases,130 cases were successfully followed up with durations ranged from 1 to 20 months,during of time the esophageal cancer spread to liver in 2 cases,celiac lymph nodes in 4 cases,lung in 2 cases,and bone in 1 case.Ten cases died,and all remaining cases remained alive during the follow up.The one-year survival rate was 88.9％ for these cases.Conclusion Combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical esophagectomy is a technically safe and feasible treatment for esophageal cancer.The short-term efficacy results are satisfactory.This technique is indicated not only for early and middle stage esophageal cancer,but also for some of the advanced esophageal cancer cases.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between receptor-interacting kinase protein 4 (RIPK4) relative copy number (RCN) and prognosis of stage III( colorectal cancer (CRC) patients treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.

METHODSRIPK4 RCN was determined by real-time PCR and then dichotomized into high RIPK4 RCN group(n=35) and low RIPK4 RCN group (n=104) using the third quartile as the cut-off point. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were compared between high and low RIPK4 RCN groups. The subgroup prognostic analysis was also conducted based on tumor site.

RESULTSThe median follow-up period was 49 months (ranged 4 to 98 months). Patients with high RIPK4 RCN had poorer OS than those with low RIPK4 RCN, which reached marginal significance(median OS, 43.0 months vs. 53.5 months, P=0.074). Meanwhile there was no significant difference of RFS between two groups (P=0.352). In colon cancer subgroup, high RIPK4 RCN was significantly associated with poor OS (median OS, 31.5 months vs. 56.6 months, P=0.015) but not with RFS (P=0.135). In rectal cancer subgroup, RIPK4 RCN was not associated with both OS and RFS (P=0.981, P=0.738). Multivariate analysis revealed that high RIPK4 RCN was an independent prognostic factor of OS in stage III( CRC patients treated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy (HR=2.903, 95% CI: 1.275 to 6.610).

CONCLUSIONRIPK4 RCN is significantly associated with OS in stage III( colon cancer patients receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy and may be a novel biomarker that can predict the efficacy of oxaliplatin in colon cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) and its target gene c-myc in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC), and the relationship between the two genes. METHOD: Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues, which came from 56 cases of LSCC and 30 samples of normal mucosas from 30 patients with total or subtotal laryngectomy over 2.0 cm away from tumor margin, were detected for the expression of STATS, c-myc by in situ hybridization and SP immunohistochemistry. Micro-image analysis system was used to determine the optical density, and the result was analyzed statistically. RESULT: There is overexpression of STAT3, c-myc mRNA and protein in LSCC. The expression of STAT3 and c-myc mRNA in LSCC was associated with clinical stage, differentiation grade and lymph nodal metastases (P < 0.05 or 0.01). The expression of STAT3 and c-myc protein in LSCC was associated with clinical stage and lymph nodal metastases (P < 0.05 or 0.01). There was a positive correlation between the expression of STAT3 and c-myc genes. mRNA and protein, The correlation coefficient (r) was 0.6224 (P < 0.01) for the mRNA expression and 0.7012 (P < 0.01 )for the protein expression. CONCLUSION The expression of STAT3 and c-myc may play an important role in the tumorigenesis, metastases and poor prognosis of LSCC. There was a positive correlation between the overexpression of STAT3 and c-myc genes in LSCC.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism

Objective To explore the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who were treated by intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA).Methods We consecutively screened AIS patients who were treated by intravenous thrombolysis with rt-PA from January 2006 to September 2016 in Tangshan Gongren Hospital.According to eGFR value of patients at admission,the eligible patients were divided into two groups:normal eGFR group (eGFR ≥ 90 ml ? min-1 ? 1.73 m-2) and decreased eGFR group (eGFR ＜ 90 ml? min-1 ? 1.73 m-2).The incidence of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH),early neurological deterioration (END) at 24 hours and seven days after thrombolysis,mortality within seven days and 90 days,and excellent recovery at 90 days were compared between the two groups.The OR with 95％ CI and the adjusted OR with 95％ CI were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models.Results A total of 258 patients were enrolled,including 182 cases in the normal eGFR group and 76 cases in the decreased eGFR group.After adjusting for the potential confounders,multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the rates of SICH (13.2％ (10/76) vs 3.3％ (6/182),OR =3.859,95％ CI 1.313-11.341),END at 24 hours (21.1％ (16/76) vs 8.2％ (15/182),OR =2.958,95％ CI 1.347-6.495) and seven days (32.9％ (25/76) vs 12.6％ (23/182),OR =3.129,95％ CI 1.555-6.293),mortality within seven days (22.4％ (17/76) vs 6.0％ (11/182),OR =4.079,95％ CI 1.588-10.477) and 90 days (23.7％ (18/76) vs 9.9％ (18/182),OR =2.457,95％ CI 1.050-5.749) were higher in the decreased eGFR group than in the normal eGFR group.On the other hand,the chance of excellent recovery at 90 days (22.4％ (17/76) vs 43.4％ (79/182),OR =0.435,95％ CI 0.229-0.824) was less in the decreased eGFR group than in the normal eGFR group.Conclusion Decreased eGFR may not only increase the risks of SICH,END and death,but also reduce the chance of 90-day excellent recovery in AIS patients after intravenous thrombolysis with rt-PA.