The protective effects of Nifedipine, Aspirin and Aspirin combined with Nifedipine on acute myocardial ischemia induced by pi-tuitrin in rats were studied, when 20% Alcohol (2ml/kg), Nifedipine (0.05 mg/kg) and Aspirin (0.025mg/kg) was singly used, no remakable effects were observed on the indexes of ischemic ECG of the experimental rats. When Nifedipine (0.1mg/kg) or Aspirin (0.05mg/kg) was used singly, or they were used in combination (0.05 + 0.025mg/kg ); The significant counteractions were observed on the changes in ST segments and T waves in the first and second phases of the rats ECG caused by pituitrin, and the occurrence of decrease of heart rate and arrhythmia were prevented. The doses were correlated with the effects. The two drugs used in combination showed noticeable synergism.

Based on the analysis of definition and the causes of excessive medical treatment, this paper discus-ses the harm of excessive medical treatment concretely, including increased health care costs, the waste of medical resources, worsening doctor-patient conflicts that influence the development of holistic medicine. And in the per-spective of ethics, professional spirit and the humanistic quality, it puts forward the prevention and countermeasures to solve the problem of excessive medical treatment.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and clinical efficacy of gelatin sponge packing in reducing bone cement leakage in percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).Methods:A retrospective case-control study was conducted in data of 171 patients (171 vertebrae) with monosegmental lumbar osteoporosis compressive fracture treated by PKP from January 2015 to December 2018 in Sichuan Orthopedic Hospital. There were 66 males and 105 females, with the age of (67.9±6.7)years (range, 60-87 years). There were 22 patients with T 10 fracture, 28 with T 11 fracture, 37 with T 12 fracture, 34 with L 1 fracture, 32 with L 2 fracture and 18 with L 3 fracture. A total of 80 patients were pre-filled with gelatin sponge before injection (Group A), and 91 patients were not filled with gelatin sponge before injection (Group B). The operation time, amount of bone cement, and rate of bone cement leakage were recorded. The change of anterior vertebral height, Cobb angle, visual simulation score (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were compared before operation and at postoperative 1 day, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months. Results:All patients were followed up for 1-12 months [(12.8±0.6)months]. The operation time in Group A and B was (48.3±1.2)minutes and (42.3±1.3)minutes ( P<0.05). The amount of bone cement in Group A and B was (5.4±0.8)ml and (5.6±0.7)ml ( P>0.05). The incidence of bone cement leakage in Group A and B was 11% (9/80) and 26% (24/91) ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the anterior height of injured vertebrae, change of Cobb angle, VAS and ODI before and after operation ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Gelatin sponge can reduce the rate of bone cement leakage in PKP for the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporosis compressive fracture, and has similar effect with PKP in correcting kyphosis, alleviating pain and improving life quality.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility of establishing a canine model of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration through the application of cumulative axial load and a six-phase combined motion on the vertical sitting dog's lumbar spine.Methods:Twenty adult female grass dogs, each weighing 10.0±0.5 kg, were randomly divided into two groups, with 10 dogs in each group. In the model group, dogs were secured to an exercise machine in a vertical position, and six phases of lumbar spine movement (flexion and extension, left and right lateral flexion, left and right rotation, 45° each) were combined with a specific number of cycles under continuous axial load (245 N). In the control group, dogs were secured to the exercise machine in a vertical position without any intervention. Radiographic examinations were performed before and after 20,000, 50,000, 100,000, and 150,000 compound exercises in the model group. The disc height index (DHI) was measured through lateral X-ray, and MRI T2-mapping was used for quantitative analysis of intervertebral disc degeneration. When intervertebral disc degeneration was evident on MRI T2-weighted imaging (modified Pfirrmann system > Grade V), the combined motion was halted. Micro-CT quantitative analysis of bone mineral density (BMD) in the upper and lower endplates, trabecular bone structure, and histological staining (HE staining, "O" staining, Sirius red staining) were employed to verify and assess the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration.Results:After 50,000 compound exercises, mild degeneration of the intervertebral discs at L 6-7 and L 7S 1 was observed on T2-weighted imaging. With the accumulation of exercise load, the degree of degeneration progressively increased, reaching a moderate degree of degeneration after 100,000 composite exercises, and DHI began to decrease. Mild degeneration was also observed in the upper L 5-6 intervertebral disc. When the cumulative exercise volume reached 150,000 repetitions, the height of intervertebral spaces in the L 5-6, L 6-7, and L 7S 1 segments further decreased, and the intervertebral discs exhibited severe degeneration (improved Pfirrmann grading system Grades IV-VI). The upper L 4-5 intervertebral discs also displayed mild degeneration. Histological scores were as follows: L 5-6 (8.2±0.8), L 6-7 (9.5±0.7), and L 7S 1 (10.3±0.5), indicating a degree of degeneration in the order of L 5-6