Objective To investigate the difference between invasive and non-invasive blood pres-sure monitoring for patients after mechanic valve replacement. Methods Invasive or non- invasive blood pressure of 40 patients after mechanic valve replacement were continuously monitored for 24 hours, and the results underwent t test. Results There was a significant difference between invasive and non-invasive blood pressure monitoring for patients within 12 hours after mechanic valve replacement, but no difference was seen between them after 12 hours. Conclusions It can provide more accurate bases by monitoring blood pressure invasively at early stage after mechanic valve replacement, and it can be replaced by non-invasive blood pressure monitoring 12 hours after mechanic valve replacement.

Objective To explore the effect of sex difference on learning and memory function and the brain tissue damage of neonatal SD rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.Methods Sixty,7-day-old neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats,were divided into randomly:male control group (M group,n=15),female control group (F group,n=15),male hypoxic-ischemic brain damage group (MHIBD group,n=15) and female hypoxic-ischemic brain damage group (FHIBD group,n=15).A modified newborn rat model that had a combined hypoxic-ischemic brain damage as described by Rice-Vannucci was used.The Morris water maze was used to evaluate the ability of learning and memory.The brain MRI and transmission electron microscope(TEM) was used to evaluate the scope of brain tissue damage and the change of the synaptic ultrastructure.Results There were no differences in swimming distance,escape latency,synaptic cleft and damage brain volume between M group and F group(P＞0.05).Compare with M group and F group,MHIBD group and FHIBD group showed significant brain injury,longer escape latency ((39.38±11.40) s vs (14.86±4.42) s,(30.14±7.18)s vs (18.41±5.03) s),longer swimming distance ((15.31± 1.77) cm vs (3.68±1.50) cm,(13.18±1.79) cm vs (4.61±1.61) cm),and TEM showed the synaptic cleft was widened ((23.18± 1.36) nm vs (19.24± 1.51) nm,(21.40± 1.71) nm vs (19.87±0.94) nm),P＜0.05).MHIBD group was more seriously compromised than the FHIBD group(P＜0.05).The brain MRI showed the damage brain volume of MHIBD group were significantly larger than FHIBD group(P＜0.05).Conclusion After bypoxic ischemic brain damage,the tolerance of brain damage and / or post-injury recovery capabilities of female rats are stronger than males.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of AIDS among pregnant women and sexual transmitted disease ( STD) outpatients and their behavioral characteristics in Yingcheng. Methods According to the requirement of The implementation scheme for sentinel surveillance of HIV infection in China , the questionnaire surveys were conducted respectively among 400 pregnant women and 361 STD outpatients, and blood samples were taken from them for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis C virus (HCV) test. Results A total of 761 people were surveyed in 2010, among them no one were detected to be HIV positive 0% ) , 4 were detected to be infected with syphilis (0. 5% ) , 1 were detected to be infected with HCV (0. 1% ). Conclusion The infection of HIV in Yingcheng has been controlled well. The prominent high risk behavior of AIDS spreading in Yingcheng is heterosexual behavior. The men aged 40 are AIDS high-risk people and AIDS intervention focus people. Furthermore, it is very important to carry out publicity and education activities on AIDS to the immigrant laborers and the floating population.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of percutaneous endoscopic necrosectomy (PEN) in treating infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN).Methods A retrospective review of clinical data of 6 patients with IPN who received PEN in Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University from Dec 2015 to Sep 2016 was performed.Clinical parameters were recorded, including basic information, severity evaluation and therapeutic methods and times.In addition, vital sign parameters and inflammatory marks before and after PEN treatment were compared.Results There were 4 patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and 2 patients with moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP) in these 6 patients with IPN.Mean APACHEⅡ score was 12 (10~15), and mean MCTSI scores was 9.3(8~10).All 6 patients received a total of 13 times PEN treatments, with a mean of 2.2(1~3) times.Each patient was treated with a mean of 2.5(1~4) drainage tubes placed in the peripancreatic abscess after PEN treatment, and the mean time for drainage was 139 d(106~183 d).Besides, the mean hospitalization time was 116 d (48~223 d).All the patients′ condition was improved significantly after PEN treatment, including reduced heart rate, body temperature and inflammatory markers, without bleeding or other serious complications.Only 1 patient had pancreatic fistula after treatment, and no patients needed open abdominal drainage surgery.Patients with higher MCTSI scores likely required more times of PEN and more drainage catheters, longer length of drainage and hospital stay.Conclusions PEN was safe and effective for treating patient with IPN, but those with higher MCTSI scores were associated with more PEN treatments, more drainage tubes, and longer time of drainage and hospitalization.

Objective: To investigate the impact of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) on brain development in neonatal rats of different sexes. Methods: From January 1 to December 31, 2018, 60 7-day-old SD rats were randomly divided into HIBI-F group (20 rats), HIBI-M group (20 rats), and control group (20 rats, 10 females and 10 males). The animal model of HIBI was established with Rice-Vannucci method, with the rats′ left common carotid artery double-ligated and severed. The rats were then placed in an incubator and exposed to a hypoxic gas mixture (8% O₂, 92% N₂) for 90 minutes. No intervention was given to the control group. Two weeks after HIBI, the motor development was evaluated by footprint analysis, the residual brain volume was measured by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the damage of synaptic ultra structure was analyzed by transmission electron microscope. One-way ANOVA or χ² test was used for inter-group statistical analysis, and paired sample t test was used to compare the bilateral step length and toe distance of rats in the same group. Results: The mortality rate of HIBI-F was significantly higher than that of HIBI-M (20%(4/20) vs. 10%(2/20), χ²=40.000, P=0.001). The right step length and toe distance in HIBI-M group and HIBI-F group were significantly shorter than those in control group ((7.5±0.3) cm and (7.9±0.5) cm vs. (8.2±0.5) cm, F=9.605, P<0.01, (0.9±0.1) cm and (1.0±0.0) cm vs. (1.1±0.1) cm, F=71.437, P<0.01). Besides, according to above data, the right step length and toe distance in HIBI-M group were significantly shorter than those in the HIBI-F group (both P<0.01). Furthermore, the right step length was significantly shorter than the left step length ((8.3±0.4) and (8.3±0.5) cm, t=5.289 and 10.580, P=0.001 and 0.010, respectively) and toe distance ((1.1±0.1) and (1.1±0.1) cm, t=7.953 and 6.435, respectively, both P<0.01) in both HIBI-M group and HIBI-F group. Similarly, the synaptic gap of the left precentral gyrus neurons was longer in HIBI-M group and HIBI-F group than that in control group ((23.4±1.3) and (19.7±1.6) nm vs. (18.9±0.6) nm, F=71.719, P<0.01), and also longer in HIBI-M group than that in HIBI-F group (t=7.645, P<0.01). Likewise, the residual brain volume in HIBI-M group and HIBI-F group was significantly less than that in control group ((67±4)% and (75±5)% vs. 100%, F=406.122, P<0.01), and the residual brain volume in HIBI-M group was significantly less than that in HIBI-F group (t=-5.281, P<0.01). Conclusions Male neonatal rats are more vulnerable to HIBI and have severer subsequent brain injury and hemiplegia. Different treatment strategies for HIBI patients of different sexes should be developed.

Objective To explore the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 105b in advanced adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEG) patients and its relation with clinicopathological characteristics and effect of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Methods We randomly divided 166 cases of advanced AEG who underwent open radical gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy D2 compartment into treatment group (prophylactic HIPEC of paclitaxel after operation) and control group (conventional treatment). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect HSP105b expression in postoperative tumor tissues, and to analyze its relation with clinicopathological characteristics and effect of HIPEC. Results The expression of HSP105b was only associated with tumor vein infiltration (t=4.002, P=0.045). The 3-year disease-free survival rate of the patients with high HSP105b expression was significantly lower than those with low HSP105b expression (56.5% vs. 64.8%, χ²=35.508, P < 0.001), and the disease-free survival rate of the patients with high HSP105b expression in treatment group was significantly lower than that with low HSP105b expression (60.7% vs. 71.5%, χ²=77.459, P < 0.001). Conclusion HSP105b can be used as a prognostic factor and its expression can predict the efficacy of HIPEC in the patients with advanced AEG.

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of omental wrapping technique for pancreaticojejunal anastomosis in preventing complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy. MethodsThis study was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline. English and Chinese databases including CNKI， Wanfang Data， VIP， CBM， the Cochrane Library， PubMed， Embase， and Web of Science were searched for clinical studies on omental wrapping technique for pancreaticojejunal anastomosis in preventing complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy published up to November 2022， and Stata 16 and Review Manager 5.4 were used to perform the meta-analysis. ResultsA total of 15 studies with 1 830 patients were included in this study. The meta-analysis showed that the omental wrapping group had a significantly lower overall incidence rate of postoperative pancreatic fistula （POPF） than the non-omental wrapping group （odds ratio ［OR］=0.30， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 0.22‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.41， P<0.001）， and the subgroup analysis showed that the omental wrapping group had a significantly lower incidence rate of grade B/C POPF than the non-omental wrapping group （OR=0.29， 95%CI： 0.21‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.39， P<0.001）. Compared with the non-omental wrapping group， the omental wrapping group had significantly lower incidence rates of postoperative bile leakage （OR=0.30， 95%CI： 0.16‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.56， P<0.001）， postoperative hemorrhage （OR=0.35， 95%CI： 0.24‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.53， P<0.001）， delayed gastric emptying （OR=0.45， 95%CI： 0.31‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.64， P<0.001）， abdominal infection （OR=0.55， 95%CI： 0.40‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.75， P<0.001）， reoperation （OR=0.31， 95%CI： 0.18‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.54， P<0.001）， and death within 30 days after surgery （OR=0.42， 95%CI： 0.22‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.80， P=0.009）， a significantly earlier time to diet （mean difference ［MD］=-0.98， 95%CI： -1.84 to -0.11， P=0.03）， and a significantly shorter length of postoperative hospital stay （MD=-2.44， 95%CI： -4.10 to -0.77， P=0.004）. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the time of operation （MD=-13.68， 95%CI： -28.31 to -0.95， P=0.07） and intraoperative blood loss （MD=-17.26， 95%CI： -57.55 to -23.03， P=0.40）. ConclusionOmental wrapping can reduce the incidence rates of postoperative complications such as pancreatic fistula， bile leakage， postoperative hemorrhage， abdominal infection， and delayed gastric emptying， improve the prognosis of patients， and shorten the length of hospital stay， without increasing surgical difficulty or time of operation.

Oral static biofilm model is an important tool for in vitro simulation of oral microecological environment, which has become an important method for studying the pathogenesis of various oral diseases and testing the efficacy of various drugs, oral care products and foods due to its low cost, high throughput, good reliability and easy operation. The establishment of oral static biofilm models allows the selection of different devices, inoculum sources, media, substrates and culture conditions according to the purpose of the study, and the evaluation of biofilm growth by various methods such as measuring biomass, metabolic activity, community structure and performing visualization analysis. This paper summarizes the methodological elements reported in recent years for the establishment and evaluation of oral static biofilm models, and analyzes and discusses the applicability of various methods in the hope of contributing to the research and production practice in related fields.
Biofilms ; Reproducibility of Results

Drug delivery systems (DDS) are defined as methods by which drugs are delivered to desired tissues, organs, cells and subcellular organs for drug release and absorption through a variety of drug carriers. Its usual purpose to improve the pharmacological activities of therapeutic drugs and to overcome problems such as limited solubility, drug aggregation, low bioavailability, poor biodistribution, lack of selectivity, or to reduce the side effects of therapeutic drugs. During 2015-2018, significant progress in the research on drug delivery systems has been achieved along with advances in related fields, such as pharmaceutical sciences, material sciences and biomedical sciences. This review provides a concise overview of current progress in this research area through its focus on the delivery strategies, construction techniques and specific examples. It is a valuable reference for pharmaceutical scientists who want to learn more about the design of drug delivery systems.