OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between nurse job burnout and salivary lysozyme activity.

METHODSThe saliva samples of 131 subjects were collected at four time points for two consecutive days with saliva collection tubes. The acquisition time points were 8:00 (baseline concentration), 10:00 (morning), 15:30 (afternoon), and 17:30 (recovery period). At the same time every subjects completed the job burnout questionnaire to investigate their general demographic characteristics and job burnout level. The salivary lysozyme concentration was measured with ELISA. The data were analyzed by partial correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis.

RESULTSThere were significant differences in the salivary lysozyme activity between subjects with different ages, working years, and education levels. The work period vitality and the average energy of ≤ 30 age group were higher than other two groups and the recovery energy was higher than >35 age group. Working period vitality, the average energy of group >15 years were less than ≤ 10 years group. The work period energy and the average energy of university (college) and above group were lower than high school (secondary) and the following group. Job burnout and its three dimensions had a significant negative correlation with salivary lysozyme concentration (P < 0.01). Depersonalization and emotional exhaustion were the negative impact factors for salivary lysozyme activity at baseline. Emotional exhaustion and personal fulfillment were the negative impact factors for salivary lysozyme activity during the working period. Personal fulfillment was the negative factor for salivary lysozyme activity during the recovery period and the average salivary lysozyme activity.

CONCLUSIONSalivary lysozyme activity is sensitive for nurse job burnout, so it can be used as an objective evaluation index of job burnout.

Burnout, Professional ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Emotions ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Muramidase ; analysis ; Nurses ; psychology ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Regression Analysis ; Salivary Proteins and Peptides ; analysis ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of modified FOLFOXIRI (combination of reducing dosage irinotecan, oxaliplatin and fluorouracil) in first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.

METHODA total of 53 patients with advanced colorectal cancer receiving modified FOLFOXIRI regimen were recruited continuously from January 2010 to January 2014. Safety profile was recorded based on NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0 (NCI-CTCAE v3.0). Objective response was evaluated by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version1.1 (RECIST 1.1) after administration of at least 4 cycles chemotherapy. Kras and Braf gene sequencing was tested by dideoxy chain-termination method. Relation between efficacy and two genes was examined.

RESULTSAmong 53 patients, no treatment-related mortality was presented. The rate of grade 3 to 4 adverse event was 32.1% (17/53), including neutropenia 13.2%(7/53), anemia 11.3% (6/53) and fatigue 9.4% (5/53). Overall response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were respectively 65.9% (29/44) and 90.0% (40/44). Radical resection rate (R0) was 29.5% (13/44). Efficacy of mFOLFOXIRI regimen plus targeting therapy was assessed in 44 patients. mFOLFOXIRI regimen plus targeting therapy achieved an ORR of 72.7% (8/11), which was higher than the ORR 65.9% (21/33) of triplet regimen alone, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.198). Paraffin specimens of 48 colorectal cancer cases were tested. Twenty-one cases were Kras mutant (43.75%), 3 cases were Braf mutant (6.25%). There were no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONReducing dosage mFOLFOXIRI can be safely used in advanced colorectal cancer and can achieve promising results in terms of short term efficacy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; China ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf

To investigate the effects of molybdenum (Mo) and/or cadmium (Cd) on antioxidant function and the apoptosis-related genes in duck spleens. Sixty healthy 11-day-old ducks were randomly divided into six groups of 10 ducks (control, low Mo group, high Mo, Cd, low Mo + Cd, and high Mo + Cd groups). All were fed a basal diet containing low or high dietary doses of Mo and/or Cd. Relative spleen weight, antioxidant indices, apoptosis-related gene mRNA expression levels, and ultrastructural changes were evaluated after 120 days. The results showed that the relative spleen weight decreased significantly in the high Mo + Cd treatment group which compared with control group. Malondialdehyde levels increased and xanthine oxidase and catalase activities decreased in the Mo and/or Cd groups compared with levels in the control group. Bak-1 and Caspase-3 expressions were upregulated in the high Mo + Cd group, while Bcl-2 was downregulated. In addition, mitochondrial crest fracture, swelling, vacuolation, deformed nuclei, and karyopyknosis in both Mo + Cd treated groups were more severe than in the other groups. The results suggest that Mo and/or Cd can induce oxidative stress and apoptosis of spleen via effects on the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway. Moreover, the results indicate the two elements have a possible synergistic relationship.
Apoptosis* ; Cadmium* ; Caspase 3 ; Catalase ; Diet ; Ducks* ; Malondialdehyde ; Molybdenum* ; Oxidative Stress ; RNA, Messenger ; Spleen* ; Xanthine Oxidase

To assess relationships between xanthine oxidase (XOD) and nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (NIBV) infection, 240 growing layers (35 days old) were randomly divided into two groups (infected and control) of 120 chickens each. Each chicken in the control and infected group was intranasally inoculated with 0.2 mL sterile physiological saline and virus, respectively, after which serum antioxidant parameters and renal XOD mRNA expression in growing layers were evaluated at 8, 15 and 22 days post-inoculation (dpi). The results showed that serum glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in the infected group were significantly lower than in the control group at 8 and 15 dpi (p < 0.01), while serum malondialdehyde concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.01). The serum uric acid was significantly higher than that of the control group at 15 dpi (p < 0.01). In addition, the kidney mRNA transcript level and serum activity of XOD in the infected group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 8, 15 and 22 dpi (p < 0.05). The results indicated that NIBV infection could cause the increases of renal XOD gene transcription and serum XOD activity, leading to hyperuricemia and reduction of antioxidants in the body.
Antioxidants ; Chickens ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Hyperuricemia ; Infectious bronchitis virus* ; Kidney ; Malondialdehyde ; RNA, Messenger* ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Uric Acid ; Xanthine Oxidase* ; Xanthine*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of occupational stress on the oxidation/antioxidant capacity in nurses.

METHODSA total of 131 nurses were included as study subjects. The occupational health information collection system (based on the Internet of things) was used for measurement of occupational stress. Levels of hydroxyl free radicals and antioxidant enzymes were determined.

RESULTSThe serum level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was the highest in nurses under the age of 30 and the lowest in those over 45 (P < 0.05). The serum levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and peroxidase (POD) were the highest in nurses of working age less than 5 years, followed by those of 5-15 years, and nurses with more than 25 years' working experience showed the lowest GSH-Px and POD levels (P < 0.05). Furthermore, nurses with a university (college) degree had a higher GSH-Px level and a lower POD level compared with those with junior and senior high school degrees (P < 0.05). Job prospects and job control were positive occupational stress factors for SOD. Job hazards were negative occupational stress factors for POD. Psychological satisfaction was negative occupational stress reaction for hydroxyl free radicals. Calmness was positive occupational stress reaction for SOD, and daily stress was a negative one. The positive occupational stress reactions for GSH-Px were psychological satisfaction and job satisfaction, and daily stress was negative reaction.

CONCLUSIONNurses with higher occupational stress have stronger oxidation and weaker antioxidant capacity, which intensifies oxidant-antioxidant imbalance and leads to oxidative stress damage.

Adult ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Humans ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Nurses ; psychology ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; blood ; Stress, Psychological ; blood ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of occupational stress on serum monoamine neurotransmitters in nurses.

METHODSA total of 131 nurses were included as study subjects by stratified cluster sampling. The occupational health information collection system (based on the Internet of things) was used to measure occupational stress. Serum levels of monoamine neurotransmitters were also measured.

RESULTSEpinephrine (E) was negatively correlated with superior support (P < 0.05) and colleague support (P < 0.05). Negative correlation was also found between dopamine (DA) and job prospect (P < 0.05). Level of 5-hydroxytryptamine was negatively correlated with promotion opportunities (P < 0.05). Norepinephrine (NE), E, and DA were all negatively correlated with work satisfaction (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with daily stress (P < 0.01). NE and E were negatively correlated with sufficient confidence (P < 0.05) and positively correlated with physical complaints (P < 0.01). There was a negative correlation between NE and psychological satisfaction (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOccupational stress in nurses is correlated with serum monoamine neurotransmitters, and it may affect serum levels of monoamine neurotransmitters to a certain extent.

Adult ; Biogenic Monoamines ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Middle Aged ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; blood ; Nurses ; psychology ; Stress, Psychological ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that damages patients' memory and cognitive abilities. Therefore, the diagnosis of AD holds significant importance. The interactions between regions of interest (ROIs) in the brain often involve multiple areas collaborating in a nonlinear manner. Leveraging these nonlinear higher-order interaction features to their fullest potential contributes to enhancing the accuracy of AD diagnosis. To address this, a framework combining nonlinear higher-order feature extraction and three-dimensional (3D) hypergraph neural networks is proposed for computer-assisted diagnosis of AD. First, a support vector machine regression model based on the radial basis function kernel was trained on ROI data to obtain a base estimator. Then, a recursive feature elimination algorithm based on the base estimator was applied to extract nonlinear higher-order features from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. These features were subsequently constructed into a hypergraph, leveraging the complex interactions captured in the data. Finally, a four-dimensional (4D) spatiotemporal hypergraph convolutional neural network model was constructed based on the fMRI data for classification. Experimental results on the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database demonstrated that the proposed framework outperformed the Hyper Graph Convolutional Network (HyperGCN) framework by 8% and traditional two-dimensional (2D) linear feature extraction methods by 12% in the AD/normal control (NC) classification task. In conclusion, this framework demonstrates an improvement in AD classification compared to mainstream deep learning methods, providing valuable evidence for computer-assisted diagnosis of AD.
Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging* ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods* ; Neuroimaging/methods* ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Brain ; Cognitive Dysfunction