Child ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; blood ; Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male

Two isomers of nitrochlorobenzene (o-, and p-NCB) were treated by a Pd/Fe catalyst in aqueous solutions through catalytic amination and dechlorination. Nitrochlorobenzenes are rapidly converted to form chloroanilines (CAN) first through an amination process, and then rapidly dechlorinated to become aniline (AN) and Cl(-), without the involvement of any other intermediate reaction products. The amination and dechlorination reaction are believed to take place predominantly on the surface site of the Pd/Fe catalysts. The dechlorination rate of the reductive degradation of the two isomers of nitrochlorobenzene (o-, and p-NCB) in the presence of Pd/Fe as a catalyst was measured experimentally. In all cases, the reaction rate constants were found to increase with the decrease in the Gibbs free energy (correlation with the activation energy) of NCBs formation; the activation energy of each dechlorination reaction was measured to be 95.83 and 77.05 kJ/mol, respectively for o- and p-NCB. The results demonstrated that p-NCBs were reduced more easily than o-NCBs.
Catalysis ; Industrial Waste ; prevention & control ; Iron ; chemistry ; Isomerism ; Kinetics ; Metals ; chemistry ; Nitrobenzenes ; chemistry ; Palladium ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Waste Disposal, Fluid ; methods ; Water ; chemistry ; Water Purification ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To survey the habits of public drug use in China and its reasons and to put forward countermeasures so as to provide reference for government and decision-making department. METHODS: From Nov. 2008 to Feb. 2009, questionnaire survey was adopted in 31 provincial administrative regions except for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. 26 000 questionnaires were collected and 1 100 physicians were interviewed. SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze 11 796 valid questionnaires statistically. The frequency of words used by physicians was counted. RESULTS: The residents don’t have enough knowledge to support them to use medicine rationally. And they are not compliant with prescription but take medicine by arbitrariness. 44.88% of residents don’t buy medicines according to prescriptions and 74.39% don’t take medicine following treatment course, stop taking medicine once symptom relieve or change the category of drugs frequently. CONCLUSION: The improvement of pharmaceutical market environment, enhancement of medication guide and popularization of medication knowledge can promote rational use of drug.

AIM: Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, such as simvastatin, have been shown to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular morbidity and mortality by mechanisms unrelated to its lipid-lowering effect. Several studies have shown that simvastatin induces apoptosis in a varieties of cell lines including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The aim of this study was to investigate the signal pathways involved in apoptosis induced by simvastatin. METHODS: Cultured VSMC were treated with simvastatin. Calpain activity was determined by measuring Ca 2+ ionophore-specific calpain substrate (suc-LLVY-AMC), caspase-3 activation was detected by Western blot, and apoptotic changes were distinguished by annexin Ⅴ binding and DNA laddering. RESULTS: After incubated with 30 ?mol/L simvastatin for 8 h, calpain activity had a marked increase ( P

Objective To observe the changes of arm equilibrium pressure (Parm) in different occlusion time,the reference range of Parm in hemodynamic stable patients,and to explore the relationship between Parm and systemic hemodynamic parameters.Methods Mechanically ventilated postoperative abdominal surgery patients who admitted to ICU with stable hemodynamic status were enrolled.After hemodynamic data were recorded,arm stop-flow maneuvers were performed to measure Parm.At 10,20,30,40,50,60 seconds after occlusion,arterial pressure were measured twice within 5 minutes and recorded as the average value.Results Thirty patients were included.The Parm decreased gradually with the prolongation of the occlusion time.The value was not stable within 60 s,but the reducing extent was not obvious after 40s.The 95％ reference range of Parm 30 S was 23-44 mmHg(1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) and Parm 60 S was 19--35 mmHg.Parm at 30 s and 60 s were positively correlated with systolic arterial pressure,diastolic arterial pressure,mean arterial pressure,central venous pressure (all P ＜ 0.001),but not heart rate and pulse pressure.Linear regression analysis showed that Parm at 10 s,20 s,30 s only had linear correlation with diastolic arterial pressure (10 s,β =0.504,P =0.001;20 s,β =0.297,P =0.005;30 s,β =0.231,P =0.015),and Parm at 40 s,50 s,60 s were linear correlation with diastolic arterial pressure (40 s,β =0.220,P =0.004;50 s,β =0.210,P =0.004;60 s,β =0.213,P =0.004) and central venous pressure (40 s,β =0.516,P =0.018;50 s,β =0.513,P =0.01;60 s,β =0.472,P =0.023).Conclusion In mechanically ventilated postoperative abdominal surgery patients with stable hemodynamic status,Parm decreases when occlusion time is prolonged,which is not stable within 60 s occlusion.Arterial blood pressure and central venous pressure are positively correlated with Parm.

Objective To construct a luciferase reporter plasmid containing interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF-3)human gene promoter and to evaluate promoter activity in human embryonic kidney(HEK)-293 cells.Methods The 1 000 bp fragment was amplified by PCR with human genomic DNA as a template and was directionally cloned into pGL3-basic multiple cloning sites to construct the luciferase repor-ter plasmid pGL3-pIRF-3.Transfection of HEK-293 cells with the promoter-driven lucife-rase construct was performed to induce lucife-rase gene expression and calculate the relative luciferase activity unit(RLU).Promoter sequence of 1 000 bp upstream of transcription initiation site of IRF-3 was analyzed by using Promoter 2.0 Prediction software.Results DNA sequencing and restriction endonuclease analysis verified the successful construction of the plasmid pGL3-pIRF-3.This IRF-3 promoter exhibited a strong promoter activity with an increase of 42.2-fold of RLU in HEK-293 cells when compared with pGL-3 basic vector.The transfection experiment confirmed that the levels of its activation were significantly higher than that in controls in HEK-293 cells.Function analysis of IRF-3 promoter disclosed seve-ral GATA-1 and specific protein 1(Sp1) sites and E2F in minimal promoter region.Conclusion The plasmid pGL3-pIRF-3 promoter is successfully constructed and has a strong basal promoter activity in HEK-293 cells.

To evaluate the clinical effect of laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK) with the corneal flap created by FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser for myopia.
●METHODS: The corneal flap was created by the FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser, and the thickness of the flap was 110μ m. A total of 143 myopic patients (283 eyes) were treated with the EC5000 - CXlll element laser. The optometry of the eye, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) the thickness of the cornea, and ObscanⅡ were examined before the operation. The thickness of the flap was calculated by measuring the thickness of corneal bed during the operation in 35 eyes. The conditions of the corneal flap, complications, uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ), diopter, corneal topography were observed during and after the operation and were checked for 3mo follow-up.
●RESULTS: During the operation, it appeared small flap ( diameter < 5mm ) in 3 eyes, corneal margin incised incompletely in 5 eyes and incision bleeding in 8 eyes. Postoperative subconjunctival hemorrhage appeared in 6 eyes. The thickness of corneal flap in 35 eyes was 108. 75± 8. 52μ m (98-117μ m) and the error was 6. 49±8. 62μ m (3-12μ m). There was no significant difference between the actual flap thickness and the preset flap thickness ( P >0. 05) . The average equivalent spherical refractive was -0. 29± 0. 47 ( - 1. 50 to + 1. 00) DS after the operation for 3mo and the UCVA met or exceeded preoperative BCVA in 251 eyes (88. 7%).
●CONCLUSlON: The operation of myopia by LASlK flap created by FEMTO LDV femtosecond laser has fewer complications, and the effect is definite and safe.

Objective To study the expression of forkhead box Q1(FOXQ1)in non‐small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) ,then investi‐gate clinical pathological characteristics of NSCLC and its prognosis in patients .Methods The expression of FOXQ1 in 84 cases of NSCLC(selected from June 2007 to December 2008 )was detected by immunohistochemistry(SP) .The correlations of the expres‐sion of FOXQ1 with clinic pathological features and survival time of the NSCLC patients were analyzed .Results The positive ex‐pression rate of FOXQ1 was 91 .7% (77/84) ,closely correlated with patients`histological type and TNM stage(P<0 .05) .The Cox multivariate analysis demonstrated that histological type ,TNM stage and FOXQ1expression were independent factors of NSCLC (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The expression of FOXQ1 may be highly expressed in NSCLC and negatively correlated with prognosis .

Objective To determine the occurrence rate of liver toxicity and related risk factors after receiving highly active an-tiretroviral-therapy(HAART)by the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibittor.Methods To observe the changes of liver func-tion indexes before and after antiviral therapy in 102 patients receiving HAART,the incidence rates of the liver toxicity were com-pared between nevirapine(NVP)and efavirenz(EFV)and the risk factors of liver toxicity after treatment were analyzed.Results A-mong 102 patients,73 cases accepted the treatment of NVP,the incidence rate of hepatotoxicity was 35.6%,29 cases accepted the treatment of EFV,the incidence rate of hepatotoxicity was 13.8%,the hepatotoxicity incidence rate had statistically significant difference between the two treatment methods(χ2 =4.761,P =0.029).Co-infected by hepatitis C virus(HCV)and baseline ALT el-evation were the independent risk factors of hepatotoxicity occurrence(P <0.05).Conclusion The patients receiving the treatment of NVP are more likely to have hepatotoxicity than the patients receiving the treatment of EFV.Co-infected by HCV and baseline ALT elevation are the independent risk factors of hepatotoxicity occurrence.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of the golgi protein 73 (GP73) combined with alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) ,α‐L‐fucosidase (AFU) andα‐antitrypsin(α‐AT) detection in primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC) .Methods 100 patients with PHC ,100 patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis ,and 100 healthy people hospitalized in the hospital from October 2011 to May 2013 were en‐rolled in the study .Serum AFP levels were detected by using Beckman DxI800 chemiluminescent analyzer ,serum AFU ,α‐AT levels were detected by using Beckman DxC800 automatic biochemical analyzer ,and GP73 levels were measured by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent GP73 quantitative detection kits .Results In patients with PHC and patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis ,serum GP73 ,AFP ,AFU ,α‐AT levels were significantly higher than healthy people(P<0 .05) .In patients with PHC ,GP73 ,AFP ,AFU ,α‐AT levels were significantly higher than those in patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis(P<0 .05) .The sensitivities of single serum GP73 ,AFP ,AFU ,α‐AT detection were 75% ,72% ,23% ,67% respectively and specificity were 95% ,95% ,100% ,97% respective‐ly .The sensitivity and specificity of the 4 tumor markers′combined detection were 99% and 100% .The sensitivity of combined de‐tection was significantly different from single detection(P<0 .05) .Conclusion GP73 ,AFP ,AFU ,α‐AT may improve the diagnostic efficiency of primary liver cancer .