OBJECTIVETo investigate the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in the serum and seminal plasma of infertile men with chronic viral hepatitis and their influence on the semen parameters of the patients.

METHODSWe collected serum and semen samples from 42 infertile men, 45 infertile males with chronic viral hepatitis, and 50 healthy fertile men as controls. We measured the MDA level in the serum and seminal plasma by spectrophotometry, detected the PON-1 activity by spectrophotometry, and determined the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) by acridine orange fluorescence staining.

RESULTSThe MDA level was significantly higher but the PON-1 activity remarkably lower in the serum and seminal plasma of the infertile males with chronic viral hepatitis than in the healthy controls and infertile patients (P <0.01 or P <0.05). Total sperm motility and sperm survival rate were significantly lower while the sperm DFI markedly higher in the former than in the latter two groups (P <0.01 or P <0.05). No statistically significant difference was found among the three groups in sperm concentration (P >0.05). The WBC counts in the semen of the infertile and infertile with chronic viral hepatitis groups were significantly higher than that in the health controls (P <0.05). The MDA level and PON-1 activity in the seminal plasma were positively correlated with those in the serum in the infertile males with chronic viral hepatitis (r=0.57 or 0.48, P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONVirus-induced chronic active hepatitis enhances oxidative stress in the reproductive system, aggravates sperm damage, and affects sperm quality parameters.

Adult ; Aryldialkylphosphatase ; analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA Fragmentation ; Fertility ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; complications ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; blood ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; blood ; Oxidative Stress ; Semen ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa

AIM: To analyze the results of phacovitrectomy with internal limiting membrane(ILM) peeling to treat foveoschisis in ultra-high myopia.METHODS: Totally 32 eyes of 32 ultra-high myopia patients with foveoschisis were selected retrospectively.The preoperative refractive errors ranged from-12.00D to-20.00D with the mean of-15.78±2.16D.The best corrected visiual acuity(BCVA) were converted to LogMAR acuity, and the average BCVA was 4.1±0.4.Conventional phacovitrectomy with ILM peeling by ICG dying were performed.Gas tamponade were performed to end the operation.The BCVA and the foveoschisis cavity were observed by 1-9mo after the surgery, with the mean of 4.5mo.RESULTS: The foveoschisis cavity of 30 eyes were healed with BCVA increased and visual distortion alleviated distinctly (94%)(t=-7.91, P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Phacovitrectomy with ILM peeling is useful in treating foveoschisis in ultra-high myopia with visual function preserving.

Objective To explore the effect of upgrade of dialysate quality on the microinflammation in maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods Fifty-three MHD patients in Kidney Center of the First Affiliated Hospital,Medical College,Zhejiang University in January 2003 were enrolled in the prospectively study.The main end-points were survival at 8 years or weaning from haemodialysis during 8-year period including death, receiving renal transplantation or transferring to peritoneal dialysis.The endotoxin level of dialysate and patients' serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6),tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α),C reaction protein (CRP),and albumin were recorded during the observation period. Results After the upgrade of water management system,endotoxin level of dialysate obviously decreased [(0.046±0.012) EU/ml vs (0.454±0.002) EU/ml,P＜0.01],and serum IL-6 [(3.947±3.624) ng/L vs (13.779±7.106) ng/L,P=0.036],TNF-α [(7.935±3.864) ng/L vs (12.804±8.017) ng/L,P=0.012] as well as CRP [(0.194±0.149) mg/L vs (0.561 ±0.309) mg/L,P＜0.01] decreased significantly,while serum albumin increased [(41.900±6.803) g/L vs (38.140±7.083) g/L,P=0.042].Hemoglobin level did not change significantly after the system upgrade,however,the dose of erythropoietin decreased [(93.0±12.7) U·kg-1·week-1 vs (131.0±10.1) U·kg-1·week-1,P=0.015]. Conclusions The upgrade of central dialysis fluid delivery and water management system by application of double reverse osmosis,high frequency heat disinfection and endotoxin filter can improve the quality of dialysate.Improvement of dialysate quality can ameliorate the microinflammation state of MHD patients.

Objective To investigate and compare the effects of etomidate or propofol on spatial cognitive,exploring,learning and memory abilities and hippocampus tissue in rapid development period of rats.Methods Thirty-nine SD rats with anage from 17 to 18 days were randomly divided into group C(10 ml/kg of normal saline),group E(5 mg/kg of etomidate),group P(50 mg/kg of propofol)(n=13).They were all single injected intraperitoneally.The tests of cognitive function were performed in Open Field Test(OFT),Hole Board Test and Ymaze Test at 3 hours postanesthesia awake.HE staining method was uesed to observe the morphology of hippocampus neuron tissue and immunohistochemistry(IHC) method was uesed to detect the expression of aspartic acid specificity cysteine protease (caspase-3) in hippocampal neurons.Results In the OFT,there was no significant difference between group C((3.70 ± 1.06)s,(39.10 ± 11.89)s)and group E,P((4.40 ±2.01)s and (4.60 ± 1.96) s,(37.90 ± 11.88) s and (36.30 ± 15.68) s) about the retention time in central check and the locomotion (P ＞ 0.05).In the Hole Board Test,the rats of groups E and P(12.00 ± 3.13,10.00 ± 2.79) about the times of rats stretch into the hole were significant different comparing with group C(16.30 ±4.62) (P＜0.05).In the Ymaze Test,compared with group C,the group E in the right number and total reaction time were no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).The right number of group P (9.80 ± 2.39) were obviously decreased as compared with group C(13.30 ±2.00)(P ＜ 0.01),and there also had significant difference between group E and group C (P ＜0.05).In addition,the total reation time between group P ((82.30 ± 10.20) s) and group C ((67.70 ± 12.18) s) was significant difference(P ＜ 0.05).In HE staining,there were obvious changes in group E and P.In IHC,the expression of caspase-3 between groups C,E and P,there were no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Single intraperitoneal injection of etomidate can make a transient effects for the rapid development period of rats ' ability of exploration,but have no obvious influence of the spatial cognition and learning and memory abilities.And etomidate lead less influence on newborn rat behavior and hippocampal tissue than propofol.

Objective To analyze the electrocardiography(ECG)data of pressure overload-induced cardiac hy pertrophy rats.Methods Pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy was induced by abdominal aorta constriction. Echocardiogram and heart weight measurement demonstrated the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy.Standardized ECG parameters of limb and chest were measured and statistically analyzed.Results Two weeks after hypertrophy models were established,echocardiogram showed greater LVPWTd,IVSTd,LVDd.ECG showed that left axis deviation and higher R waves in V_A,V_B,V_C(P

Background Human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell transplantation treating retinal degenerative diseases is a researching topic,and the source of human RPE cells is a key problem.Many biological carriers can be used for the preparation of RPE cell layer.However,some advantages,such as cytotoxicity,lack of stability and immunologic reaction etc.are still existed.To study an ideal biological carrier is very important.Objective This experimental was to determine the effects of amniotic membrane on the proliferation and differentiation of human RPE cells and the possibility as a scaffold for RPE cell transplantation.Methods ARPE19 cell line cells were cultured and passaged in DMEM/F12 medium with 10％ fetal bovine serum,and 8-12generation of cells were used.The cells were divided into two groups.One group of cells were incubated on the denuded amniotic membrane,and the other group of cells were cultured in the medium (control group).MTT was performed to detect the A492 value of RPE cells for the evaluation of cell proliferation ability 24,48,72,96 hours after culture.Cell morphology was compared by histopathological examination 3 weeks after culture.The mRNA expression of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF),N-cadherin,β-catenin and cell connection related proteins in the cells of both groups were assayed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Ultrastructure of the cells was observed under the transmission and scan electronic microscope 3 weeks after culture.Results The number of ARPE-19 cells cultured on denuded amniotic membrane was decreased significantly in comparison with the normal culture plate(F=41.760,P =0.000).Histopatholy also showed that the cell density on amniotic membrane was lower than of normal cells on plate surface.Moreover,the expression level of claudin 1 mRNA,N-cadherin mRNA and PEDF mRNA were significantly up-regulated in denuded amniotic membrane group in comparison with control group (t=15.828,P=0.000 ;t=6.839,P=0.002 ;t=14.667,P=0.000),but the expression of Connexin 43 mRNA was down-regulated in denuded amniotic membrane group compared with control group(t=3.358,P=0.024).Ultrastructural examination revealed that ARPE-19 cells cultured on amniotic membrane exhibited a polygonal epithelial phenotype with cilium on the apical side,however,the cells cultured on normal culture plate displayed fusiform shape and uneven thickness.Conclusions Amniotic membrane plays a promoting effect on the differentiation of ARPE-19 cells and a inhibitory effect on the proliferation of ARPE-19 cells,suggesting that amniotic membrane might be an useful scaffold for the preparation of functionally mature RPE cells for clinical transplantation.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in cancer metastasis,and is relevant to the inflammatory microenvironment.Lipopolysaccharide (LPS),a cell wall constituent of gram-negative bacteria,has been reported to induce EMT of cancer cells through TLR4 signal.We previously reported that LPS promoted metastasis of mesenchymallike breast cancer cells with high expression of cyclin D 1 b.However,the role of cyclin D1b in LPS-induced EMT has not been fully elucidated.In the present study,we described that cyclin D1b augmented EMT induced by LPS in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.Cyclin D1b markedly amplified integrin αvβ3 expression,which was further up-regulated under LPS stimulation.Our results showed ectopic expression of cyclin D1b promoted invasiveness of epithelial-like MCF-7 cells under LPS stimulation.Additionally,LPS-induced metastasis and EMT in MCF-7-D1b cells might depend on αvβ3 expression.Further exploration indicated that cyclin D1b cooperated with HoxD3,a transcription factor promoting αvβ3 expression,to promote LPS-induced EMT.Knockout of HoxD3 repressed LPS-induced EMT and αvβ3 over-expression in MCF-7 cells with high expression of cyclin D1b.Specifically,all these effects were in a cyclin D1a independent manner.Taken all together,LPS up-regulated integrin αvβ3 expression in MCF-7 cells with high expression of cyclin D 1b and induced EMT in breast cancer cells,which highlights that cyclin D1b may act as an endogenous pathway participating in exogenous signal inducing EMT in breast cancer cells.

Objective To summary the experience of T4 esophageal carcinoma surgery and to explore the methods and operating skills on descending thoracic aortic resection with prosthetic vascular graft replacement in patients with T4 locally advanced esophageal carcinoma invading descending thoracic aorta.Methods From Jan.2001 to Dec.2010,36 patients with esophageal carcinoma underwent esophagectomy and descending aortic replacement simultaneously in our hospital.The clinical data were retrospectively reviewed.All patients had a left posterior lateral incision via the 6th intercostal space.The vascular adventitia of the descending thoracic aorta in the left side was incised,and the aorta was clamped in the proximal and distal side of the invaded segment.Then the invaded segment was resected and replaced with artificial vessels.Esophageal carcinoma was radically resceted,and left cervical esophageal-gastro anastomosis was performed in all patients.Results Radical resection of esophageal carcinoma was achieved in all patients.There was no perioperative death,or severe complications such as paraplegina,acute renal failure and intestinal dysfunction occurred.Two patients had chylous hydrothorax,and one had late stage anastomotic stoma fistula.The post-operative hospital stay was 10-42 d,mean (15.5 ± 7.2 )d.The pathological examination revealed that all the patients had squamous cell carcinoma.The aortic tunica adventitia was invaded in all the patients,9(25％ ) had tunica media invasion,and there was no tunica intima invasion observed.The 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rate was 80.6％,46.2％ and 20.0％ respectively.Conclusion Combined esophagectomy and descending aortic replacement for locally advanced T4 esophageal carcinoma invading aorta can be considered as radical operation for selected patients,and it can improve the survival rate and life quality of the patients.

Adolescent ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Glucocorticoids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Infant ; Interleukin-12 ; genetics ; Interleukin-13 ; genetics ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Killer Cells, Natural ; pathology ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; analysis ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; genetics