OBJECTIVE To investigate the advantages of nicardipine induced hypotension in endoscopic sinus surgery.METHODS Eighty patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned into two groups(n=40 each):Group A(Enflurane Group), Group B (Nicardipine Group).The effect of controlled hypotension was compared between the two groups.The changes of MAP, HR were recorded during induced hypotension, the time of induction, maintenance and recovery in induced hypotension were recorded.RESULTS 1.The induced hypotension induction time in group A was significant shorter than that in group B, BP recovery time in group A was obviously longer than that in group B (P

Objective: To investigate and analyze the biomechanics characteristics of different fixed materials and instruments in orthopedics and their application in patients so as to provide references for enhancing the effective application of fixed materials in orthopedics. Methods: 60 different fixed materials and instruments in orthopedics were divided into two groups (30 pieces in shape memory alloy group and 30 pieces in stainless steel group) according to their texture. The biomechanics performance of these materials were compared. At the same time, 60 patients received intra fixed surgery were selected and Logistics regression was implemented to analyze the effect factors of infection after fixed material was implanted in body. Finally, the relative ameliorative measures were formulated depended on the results of testing. Results: For biomechanics characteristics of fixed materials, memory alloy was significantly better than stainless steel. The stress shielding of fixed plate by using memory alloy was significantly better than that of stainless steel. The infection situations of 60 patients who received implanted instrument revealed that 30 cases were infection and 30 cases were not infection. After instruments were implanted, the effect factors of infection were analyzed and its results revealed that the standard degree of sterile operation, serious degree of admittance for instrument, the standard degree of sterilization for instrument and preparation degree of instrument were negative correlation with the infection situation after the instruments were implanted in body. Conclusion: The improvement of different fixed materials not only can enhance the resistance to corrosion for material and biocompatibility, but also should pay attention to sterilization of instrument, sterile operation, admittance situation of instrument and preparation for instrument so as to reduce infection rate after instrument is implanted in body and ensure the safety of orthopedic surgery.

Action Potentials ; Animals ; Bufo bufo ; Caffeine ; pharmacology ; Female ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Sciatic Nerve ; physiology

Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; standards ; China ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; instrumentation ; methods ; standards ; Needles ; standards ; Reference Standards

Objective:To study the regulatory effect of somatostatin analogue octreotide on human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 and to explore the corresponding mechanisms.Methods:Moderately differentiated human gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 cells were treated with octreotide in vitro.SGC-7901 cells treated with 5-FU were the positve controls and human fibroblasts were the normal controls.MTT assay was used to observe the inhibitory effect of octreotide on human gastric carcinoma cells and human fibroblasts.We observed the apoptosis through fluorescent microscope.The influence of octreotide on cell cycle distribution and the apoptosis rate of human gastric carcinoma cell were analyzed with FCM.Radiommunoassay was employed to determine the changes in IGF-1 levels in cell culture fluid.Results:Octretide can not inhibit the growth of gastric cells at low concentration(50ug/L).With the increase of octretide concentration,the inhibitory effect increased gradually,in a dose-dependent manner.Octretide had an evident inhibitory effect on human fibroblasts(P>0.05).There was no difference in the inhibition of SGC-7901 cell growth between octretide (500ug/L)and 5-FU(50mg/L)(P>0.05).At 48 hours after treatment with octretide(1 mg/L),the morphological changes of apoptosis were seen under fluorescent microscope.At 48 hours after treatment with octretide (500ug/L),most cells were blocked at G_0/G_1 phase(72.07±2.40).The percentage of cells at S phase was decreased signiflcantly(14.99±1.42).The proliferation of cells was inhibited and the apoptosis rate was increased(21.40±2.71).With octretide treatment at different concentrations.IGF-1 level in cell culture fluid was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01),indicating that octretide down-regulated IGF-1 level in the call culture system.Conclusion:Octroetide can inhibit the growth of gastric carcinoma cells in vitro,with no significant inhibition on the growth of non-target cells.Octroetide can induce gastric cancer cell stagnation at G_0/G_1 phase and apoptosis,inhibiting the proliferation directly.Octroetide can also inhibit the secretion of IGF and restrain tumor cell growth indirectly.

There are some widely discussed issues on xenotransplatation, such as animals'moral rights, allocation of medical resources and endangering public health,etc. The article raises four critical ethical issues, e.g. harm-benefit thresholds, informed consent from research patients, informed consent from third-party groups and oversight and approval of clinical trials as the prerequisites to initiation of clinical trials of xenotransplatation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the significance of clinical feature in the source localization of epileptogenic zone in children with frontal lobe epilepsy.MethodsThirty children who were diagnosed frontal lobe epilepsy consecutively admitted to the pediatric department of Shengjing hospital from Oct 2010 to Jun 2011 were recruited for retrospective study.All the cases were subject to video-electroencephalogram monitoring.Results Seventy-six episodes with clear origins of the electroencephalogram were monitored in 30 cases,including orbital frontal attack 11 times (14.5％),dorsolateral frontal attack 33 times (43.4％),mesial frontal attack 32 times (42.1％ ).The correlation analysis showed that the head and eye deviation (47 times,61.8％ ),asymmetric tonic seizures (32 times,42.1％ ) and parakinesia seizures (29 times,38.2％ ) prompted the focus was located in the dorsolateral frontal and mesial frontal.But there was no significant difference between the two areas ( x2 =10.58,9.67,11.55,P ＞0.05).The vocalization,manual pedal automatism and emotional seizure prompted the focus was located in the dorsolateral frontal and orbitofrontal;and the emotional seizure was significant differences between the two areas(x2 =38.68,P ＜0.001 ).Emotional seizure was the characteristic of orbitofrontal attack.Conclusion The clinical features have important significance in the judgment of the source localization of epileptogenic zone in children with frontal lobe epilepsy.The emotional seizure could be considered as the characteristic attack of orbitofrontal.

Objective To evaluate the effects of a health education project on prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods From January to June 2011,an investigation was conducted using combined unified questionnaire in 9 counties on target population,and 3 townships were chosen in each project county.Health educational activities were carried out in grade 5 classes in the central primary school.In the meantime,3 villages were chosen in each selected township where the health educational activities in the community were carried out.Before and after the health educational activities,questionnaire surveys on knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders were conducted in each project county.Thirty students in one class of grade 5 in the central primary school were selected,and 15 women of childbearing age near the central primary school were selected too.The health education content included but not limited to:popular science films about the knowledge on endemic disease prevention and public-interest ads were broadcasted by radio,television,newspapers and other media in the project counties,aiming at spreading knowledge on prevention and treatment of endemic diseases.In each of the project township government and village committee locations,posters,banner pieces and slogan suspensions about knowledge on endemic disease prevention were posted or put up.In the project rural hospitals,a special bulletin boards was set up,and in the village clinics (rooms),posters were put up,to carry out a training program for women of childbearing age on endemic disease prevention.In primary schools,students in grades 4 to 6 were given a class about knowledge on prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders,aiming at their transferring the learned knowledge to family members.Results A total of 2678 persons were investigated before and after the health education.After health education,the rate of knowledge(the correct answer rate) on iodine deficiency disorders increased from 69.04％ (1920/2781) to 94.08％ (2622/2787,x2 =580.63,P ＜ 0.05) among primary school students,and 74.76％(924/1236) to 92.60％(1139/1230,x2 =143.59,P ＜ 0.05) among women of childbearing age.Conclusions The rate of knowledge awareness in the students and the women of childbearing is increased significantly after the health educational activities.Systematic and targeted health education activities are effective measures in prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.

ObjectiveTo study the change of autophagy of human pancreatic cancer cell MiaPaCa-2 before and after Ad5-KAI1 tranfection,and to investigate the possible mechanism.MethodsThe MiaPaCa-2 cells without KAI1 expression were infected with Ad5-KAI1 with KAI1 target gene,and Ad5-null was used as negative control,and parental cell was used as blank control.The formation of autophagosomes was observed by electromicroscopy.The green fluorescent protein-labeled light chain 3 (LC3) associations with autophagosome membranes was detected by confocal microscopy.PD98059,LY294002 were applied to pre-treat the cells.The expression levels of beclin 1,AKT,ERK,the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK protein and the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ to LC3- Ⅰ were detected by Western blotting.ResultsAfter 100 MOI Ad5-KAI1 infections for 24 h,the rate of cell expressing KAI1 protein reached (84.97 ±8.56)％,number of LC3 increased from 4 to 20; and swelling,degeneration of mitochondria was observed,and bilayer-like structure in cytoplasm was found.The expression of beclinl increased (1.4 ±0.3 ) folds,and the expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3- Ⅰ increased (8.00 ±2.78) folds.PI3K blockade LY294002 pretreatment significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT of MiaPaCa-2 (2.756 vs 1.516),but it did not inhibit the increase of ratio of LC3-Ⅱ to LC3- Ⅰ(0.770 vs 1.403).ERK blockade PD98059 pretreatment not only significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK of MiaPaCa-2 ( 1.637 vs 0.403 ),but also inhibit the up-regulation of beclin 1 protein expression ( 2.377 vs 1.150) and increase of ratio of LC3- Ⅱ to LC3- Ⅰ (2.225 vs 0.680).ConclusionsKAI1 can significantly induce autophagy of human pancreatic cell line MiaPaCa-2 through phosphorylation of ERK rather than AKT.

This paper outlines the major animal epidemic emergency management system in the United States, involving the responsibilities of United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and Department of Health and Human Services ( DHHS ) .Besides the main commanding and coordinating departments, the system also involves procedures in surveillance, early warning, preparation, response and ending in case of serious animal emergency.We have also summarized and analyzed the characteristics of the American response mode, such as net-worked laboratories, special corps,budgets and national animal identification systems.