Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of sevoflurane on adhesion and expression of CD24 and CD44v6 in human lung cancer cell line A549.Methods Human lung cancer cell line A549 was obtained from Shanghai Cell Biology Medical Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences and cultured in RPMI1640 culture medium containing 10％ fetal calf serum.The cells were inoculated in 24 well culture plate.After being cultured for 24 h,the cells were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group (group C) and 3 sevoflurane groups exposed to 1.7 ％,3.4 ％ and 5.1％ sevoflurane for 2,4 and 6 h respectively ( groups S1,S2,S3 ).The cells were cultured for another 48 h.Cell adhesion rate was detected by adhesion test and the expression of CD24 and CD44v6 mRNA and protein was determined by RT-PCR and flow cytometry.Results Sevoflurane significantly inhibited the cell adhesion rate and down-regulated CD24 and CD44v6 expression in a concentration and duration of exposure-dependent manner.Conclusion Sevoflurane can inhibit cell adhesion through down-regulation of CD24 and CD44v6 expression.

Many complications occur in the early stage of post-orthotopic liver transplantation, six patients with or the ptopic liver transplantation, mainly contract hemorrhage,renal insufficience,acute host-vs-graftreaction,palmonary infectin,thoracic fluid and oral ulcer.We conclude in order to improver the postoperation survival of the patients it is very important to closely obere the change of patients and early recognize and deal with various complications on the basis of observing and nursing these patients

Objective To investigate the effects of sevoflurane on inhibition of growth of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells by cisplatin and γ ray.Methods The human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 was seeded in culture plate.After being cultured for 24 h,the cells were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =6each):control group (group C),sevoflurane group (group S),cisplatin group (group D),cisplatin + sevoflurane group (group DS),γ ray group (group R) and γ ray + sevoflurane group (group RS).A549 cells were exposed to 2.5% sevoflurane for 4 h in group S.Cisplatin with the final concentration of 3 mg/L was added to the culture medium and the cells were then incubated for 4 h in group D.Cisplatin with the final concentration of 3 mg/L was added to the culture medium and the cells were then exposed to 2.5 % sevoflurane for 4 h in group DS.A549 cells were exposed to γ irradiation (2 Gy) for 4 h in group R.A549 cells were exposed to γ irradiation (2Gy) and to 2.5% sevoflurane for 4 h in group RS.The cells were cultured for another 24 h after the end of treatment,the colony formation was detected and the rate of colony formation was calculated by colony formation assay.Proliferation of A549 cells was measured by plate colony formation and MTF assay and the rate of proliferation inhibition was calculated.Cell apoptosis was detected with flow cytometer.The expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and caspase-3 was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the rate of colony formation was significantly decreased,the rate of proliferation inhibition and percentage of apoptotic cells were increased,XIAP expression was down-regulated and caspase-3 expression was up-regulated in groups S,D,DS,R and RS (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of colony formation was significantly lower,the rate of proliferation inhibition and percentage of apoptotic cells were higher,XIAP expression was lower and caspase-3 expression was higher in group DS than in groups S and D,and in group RS than in groups S and R (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sevoflurane can enhance cisplatin and γ ray-induced inhibition of growth of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells,and downregulation of XIAP expression and up-regulation of caspase-3 expression may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of sevoflurane on Survivin expression in human adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Methods A549 cells were obtained from Shanghai Cell Biology Medical Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences and inoculated in 96 well culture plate. After being cultured for 24 h, the cells were randomly divided into 4 groups: Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups exposed to 95 % O2 -5 %CO2,1.7%, 3.4% and 5.1% sevoflurane respectively. A549 cells were exposed to sevoflurane for 2, 4 and 6 h respectively and then cultured for another 48 h in Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups. Proliferation of A549 cells were measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, and apoptosis was detected with flow cytometer at 48 h after 2, 4 and 6 h sevoflurane exposure. The expression of Survivin in A549 cells was determined by Western blot analysis at 48h after 4 h sevoflurane exposure. Results The rate of proliferation inhibition and percentage of apoptotic cells were significantly higher while the expression of Survivin was significantly lower in a concentration-dependent manner in Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups as compared with group Ⅰ . Conclusion Sevoflurane can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of A549 cells by inhibition of Survivin expression.

Objective To explore the role of case based learning (CBL)on Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery teaching. Methods First, correct and high-quailty teaching case was selected. Then, reasonable and precise question was edited. All students needed to prepare their lessons before class and were encouraged to ask question or answer question. And some warnings should be noticed. Result After CBL being implemented, the students received higher clinical grades and more clinical skills. They were more likely to retain their initial interest in or switch their preference to careers in otolaryngology. The supervisor highly appreciated our teaching. Conclusion CBL is feasible in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery teaching and it should be applied more in future.

Aim To investigate the effect of Icariin ( Ica) on remodeling of left ventricular in SHR and ex-plore the mechanism. Methods Twenty-one male SHR aged 14 weekswere randomly divided into model group(n=7), low-dose of Ica-treated group(20 mg· kg-1 . bid, n =7 ) , high-dose of Ica-treated group ( 40 mg·kg-1. bid,n=7), and WKY as control group(n=7 ) . Low- and high-dose of Ica-treated groups were given Ica from the age of 14 weeks to 26 weeks. The other rats in the model group and control group were given the same amount of double distilled water. Then, the content of hydroxyproline ( Hyp) was measured by ELISA. The morphological changes of the left ventricu-lar were observed by Masson staining. The mRNA and the protein expression of PPARα and PPARγ were ex-amined by real time RT-PCR and Western blot tech-nique respectively. Results Compared with the nor-mal control group, interstitium fibrosis and myofibrilla were lined up in disorder; the content of Hyp was in-creased and the mRNA and protein expression of PPARα and PPARγ were down-regulated in model group(P<0. 01). Compared with the model group,the myocardial cells were arranged less disorderly and the myocardial fibrosis was reduced; the content of Hyp was decreased in low-and high-dose of Ica-treated groups(P<0. 01 or P<0. 05);the mRNA and protein expression of PPARα and PPARγwere up-regulated in low- and high-dose of Ica-treated groups ( P <0. 01 or P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion Ica may attenuate left ven-tricular remodeling in SHR by up-regulating PPARαand PPARγ.

Objective To preliminarily evaluate the role of Ras homolog gene (Rho)/Rho-associated coiled coil-forming protein kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway in propofol-induced inhibition of metastasis of human gastric cancer cells.Methods Human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells cultured in vitro,with the concentration of 1.0× 106 cells/ml,were seeded in culture plates,and incubated for 24 h.The plates were then randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table:control group (group C),propofol group (group P),lysophosphatidic acid group (group L) and propofol + lysophosphatidic acid group (group PL).Group C received no administration.In group P,propofol at the final concentration of 16 μg/ml was given.In group L,lysophosphatidic acid at the final concentration of 1 μmol/L was administered.In group PL,propofol and lysophosphatidic acid were given with the final concentration of 16 μg/ml and 1 μmol/L,respectively.All the cells were then incubated for another 24 h.The migration of cells was determined by wound healing assay,and cell migration rates were calculated.The invasion of cells was determined by Transwell assay,and the invaded cells were counted.The expression of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2),MMP-9,RhoA,and ROCK1 in cells was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,cell migration rates and the number of invaded cells were significantly increased,and the expression of MMP-2,MMP-9,RhoA and ROCK1 was up-regulated in group L,and cell migration rates and the number of invaded cells were decreased,and the expression of MMP-2,MMP-9,RhoA and ROCK1 was down-regulated in group P.Compared with group L,cell migration rates and the number of invaded cells were significantly decreased,and the expression of MMP-2,MMP-9,RhoA and ROCK1 was down-regulated in group PL.Conclusion Inhibition of RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway is involved in the mechanism by which propofol decreases metastasis of human gastric cancer cells.

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on invasiveness of human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells.Methods Human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 were seeded in culture plates.After being cultured for 24 h,the cells were randomly divided into 5 groups(n =12 each):control group (group C),intralipid group (group Ⅰ),4 μg/ml propofol group (group P1),8 μg/ml propofol group (group P2) and 16μg/ml propofol group (group P3).The cells were treated with 10％ intralipid and 4,8 and 16 μg/ml propofol for 24 h in I and P1-3 groups,respectively.The cells were then cultured for another 24 h.The migration of cells was determined by cell scratch test.The invasion of cells was determined by Transwell invasion assay.The expression of RhoA and ROCK1 was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the cell migration and invasion were significantly decreased,and the expression of RhoA and ROCK1 was down-regulated in P1-3 groups,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group Ⅰ.With the increasing concentrations of propofol,the cell migration and invasion were gradually decreased,and the expression of RhoA and ROCK1 was gradually down-regulated in P1-3 groups.Conclusion Propofol can inhibit the invasiveness of human gastric cancer MKN-45 cells cultured in vitro dose-dependently and inhibition of RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of early rehabilitation treatment on patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).Methods Forty sTBI patients were divided into treatment group (n =20) and control group (n =20) according to the random number table.Conventional treatment was performed on all patients including dehydration to decrease intracranial pressure,hemorrhage control,neurotrophic treatment,antiinflammation therapy,and gastric acid control.In addition to these interventions,patients in treatment group received hyperbaric oxygen treatment,median nerve stimulation,fastigial nucleus stimulation,and bedside motor therapy in the early period.Intracranial pressure and partial pressure of brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2) were continuously monitored during the process of treatment.GCS was measured before and 15 days after treatment and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPE-CT) was used to evaluate cerebral perfusion.Results There was no statistical difference between the two groups with respect to GCS in advance of treatment (P ＞ 0.05),but GCS differed between treatment group and control group after treatment [(10.18 ± 3.75) points vs (8.33 ±2.36) points,P ＜0.05],with substantial improvement in treatment group.Significantly improved cerebral perfusion was seen in treatment group.On day 5 after treatment,intracranial pressure in treatment group lowered significantly compared with that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).On day 6 after treatment,PbtO2 was significantly higher in treatment group than in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Early rehabilitation treatment leads to improved outcome and acts a positive effect on nerve function recovery.

Fungal polyketide synthases are responsible for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites such as pigments, mycotoxins, and they are very important in pharmacology , food science and agriculture. The recent advances in the methods for the isolation and manipulation of multiple classes of polyketide synthase genes from fungi were introduced. It is useful for discovery of novel fungal polyketide synthase gene clusters. These methods can also be useful for revealing the genetic potential of fungi to produce multiple types of bioactive polyketide.