Electrical status epilepticus during sleep(ESES)is a special electroencephalography in children.It is involved in a variety of epileptic syndromes and can lead to different degrees of degradation of movement, cognition, behavior, language.At present, the cause of ESES is still unknown.According to literature reports, 8 pathogenic genes have been found to be related to ESES, namely GRIN2A, CNKSR2, SCN2A, KCNA2, KCNQ2, KCNB1, SLC6A1 and WAC genes.In this review, progress of ESES molecular genetics are discussed.

Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi ; Thymoma ; surgery ; therapy

Objective To study the therapeutic efficacy of Chinese botulinum toxin type A (CBTX- A) in masticatory spasm patients.Methods 16 patients with masticatory spasm were treated with CBTX-A local injection.12 patients showed jaw clench with masseter and temporalis affected (type Ⅰ).Four showed jaw clench and deviation to one side with pterygoid muscle affected unilaterally or bilaterally (type Ⅱ).All patients showed paroxysmal clenched jaw with difficulty in opening their mouths.There were no other clinical manifestations.CT and MRI did not reveal any intracerebral abnormalities.The efficacy and adverse effects were observed.Results CBTX-A were injected into 16 patients,resulting in a significant improvement of symptoms in 13 cases (4 cases of unilateral type Ⅰ,7 of 8 cases bilateral type Ⅰ,2 of 4 type Ⅱ).The spasms ceased within 3-10 days after the injection,and the effects lasted for 8-26 weeks.Four patients were observed to have slight masseter weakness after the injections,which recovered within a few weeks.The benefit persisted after identical repeated injection.Conclusion CBTX-A injection is an effective and safe treatment for masticatory spasm.

AIM:To explore the regulatory effect of microRNA-3666 (miR-3666) on the expression of its tar-get gene phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) in leukemic cells.METHODS: miR-3666 expression levels in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells and leukemic cells were determined by quantitative real-time PCR.miR-3666 targeting PTEN 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) was predicted by TargetScan software .3'UTR of PTEN was inserted in the dual luciferase reporter vector psiCHECK 2.The reporter activity was evaluated by the Dual-Lu-ciferase Reporter Assay System after the luciferase promoter vector and miRNA were co -transfected into HEK293T cell line. K562 cells were transfected with synthetic miR-3666 inhibitor ( anti-miR-3666) or a synthetic control miRNA ( anti-miR-C) .The expression of PTEN protein in the above transfected K 562 cells was determined by Western blotting .RESULTS:miR-3666 was up-regulated in the human leukemic cell lines and primary leukemic cells compared to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells .The results of dual luciferase assays validated PTEN as a specific target gene of miR-3666.Inhi-bition of miR-3666 resulted in an up-regulation of PTEN protein expression in the K 562 cells.CONCLUSION:miR-3666 is over-expressed in leukemic cells .The abnormal over-expression of miR-3666 may play a key role in leukemia due to the down-regulation of PTEN .

Abortion, Induced ; adverse effects ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pain, Postoperative ; therapy ; Pregnancy

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Factor VIII ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hemophilia A ; blood ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

Alveolar Bone Loss ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Alveolar Process ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Bone Substitutes ; therapeutic use ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Implantation ; methods ; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal ; methods ; Humans

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of nasal endoscope surgery on chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps in geriatric patients.Methods A total of 132 geriatric patients with chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps underwent nasal endoscope surgery in our hospital from Jun.2010 to Jun.2014,and the therapeutic effect was investigated.Results In the 132 cases,92 cases were cured (69.7％).Therapeutic effects were excellent in 33 cases (25.0％),and invalid in 7 cases (5.3％).The total effective rate was 94.7％.The total effective rate was 100.0％ in type Ⅰ,97.4％ in type Ⅱ and 84.8％ in type Ⅲ.The total effective rate was higher in type Ⅰ and Ⅱ than in type Ⅲ (x2=3.506 and 6.218,P=0.035 and 0.012).Local complications occurred in 10 cases (7.6％),including 1 case with nasolacrimal duct injury,2 cases with orbital hematoma,5 cases with nasal adhesion,1 case with surgical cavity hemorrhage and 1 case with sinus atresia.Conclusions The therapeutic effects of nasal endoscopesurgery on chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps are good in geriatric patients,especially in treating chronic sinusitis and nasalpolyps of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ,and the postoperative complications are less,which is worth clinical application.

Objective To investigate the distribution and effect of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on the zero-stress state of carotid arteries in rats at different ages.Methods Morphometry and microstructure of carotid artery in 3-month-old,6-month-old and 12-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were studied quantitatively by histological method and computer image analysis.Immunohistochemistry and the NADPH-diaphorase reaction were used to localize the endothelial nitric oxide synthas (eNOS) in different age rats.The changes of opening angle in the zero-stress state was also observed.Results With increasing age,there was a significant reconstruction changes in morphometric parameters and microstructure parameters of the carotid arteries in rats.While the expression of eNOS protein of endothelium and vascular smooth muscle cells were decreased.Compared with 3-month-old rats,the zero-stress state.of opening angle in 6-month-old and 12-month-old group were increased.However,pre-incubation of vessel rings with L-arginine (30 mmol/L),a substrate of eNOS,attenuated the changes of the zero-stress state.Conclusions The results suggest that the carotid arterial wall in different age rats shows unequal growth and different zero-stress state eNOS may be involved in the age-related changes of zero-stress state of the carotid artery in aged rats.The results may provid an experimental base for vascular transplantation and vascular reconstruction.

The up-to-date quantitative structure-antitumor activity relationship studies of taxol analogues based on molecular modeling techniques were reviewed in the present paper. Both the common understandings and the debates about the contributions of several key structural groups, including the C13 side chain, the substituents of C14, C2 and C10 as well as the oxtane ring to the biological activities of taxol derivatives were summerized. In addition, the studies about other factors influencing the activity except for the structure and the classification research of the molecules were also discussed.