Objective To explore the clinical effect of CSDP combined with losartan treatment on type 2 diabetic nephropathy with stage Ⅲ.Methods Sixty patients suffered from type 2 diabetic nephropathy with stage Ⅲ were recruited as our subjects.They were randomly divided into Candesartan group and Candesartan + CSDP group,each for 30 patients.Patient in Candesartan + CSDP group were administrated with candesartan 4 mg,once per day,the CSDP 15 capsules and three times / day for 3 months.Patients in Candesartan group were given:candesartan 4 mg once/day for 3 months.The level of urinary albumin,serum urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) were measured of subjects before and after treatment.Results The levels of BUN,Cr were lower after any treatment than before treatment in 2 groups.The difference of BUN,Cr in Candesartan + CSDP group were(-14.6 ± 8) mg/L,(-11.9 ± 3.3) μmmol/L,(-0.7 ± 0.2) mmol/L,higher than that of Candesartan group (-7.1 ± 7.8) mg/L,(-8.5 ± 0.8) μmol/L,(-0.4 ± 0.1) mmol/L] (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The treatment strategy of Candesartan joint CSDP can be method regarding of reducing urinary albumin and BUN,Cr in patients of type 2 diabetic nephropathy with stage Ⅲ.

Aged ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Vertebroplasty ; methods

AIMTo evaluate the antioxidant capacity and quality of traditional Chinese medicines using TLC-bioautography.

METHODSTwo chromatograms of each crude drug sample were obtained, after developing, by spraying with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) solution in ethanol and classical stained reagents, separately. The images sprayed with DPPH solution were captured under light after the plates were heated at 40 degrees C for 30 min, and scanned using video scan software to get peak areas of active compounds.

RESULTSTotal peak areas of the spots on TLC were calculated to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the tested crude drugs from different habitats and sources. The results indicated that Radix Linderae cultivated in Tiantai (Zhejiang province), Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis cultivated in Liangshan (Sichuan province), and Fructus Perillae acquired in Shanghai have the highest scavenging properties towards DPPH in their respective TLC-autographic assays. Norisoboldine, magnolol and honokiol, luteolin, apigenin and an unknown compound "U" proved to be the major antioxidant components in the corresponding crude drugs as they contribute the dominating peak areas to the total ones.

CONCLUSIONTLC-bioautography can not only be used for screening of the components with antioxidant potency but also for the purpose of quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicines at the same time, and the method proved to be selective, simple and reproducible.

Alkaloids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Antioxidants ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Biphenyl Compounds ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; China ; Chromatography, Thin Layer ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hydrazines ; chemistry ; Lignans ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lindera ; chemistry ; Luteolin ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Magnolia ; chemistry ; Perilla ; chemistry ; Picrates ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results

Medicinal almonds have been used for over 2 000 years and its clinical efficacy includes relieving cough and asthma. The domestic market in China is flooded with different kinds of dried almonds, such as bitter almond (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, AAS), sweet almond (Armeniacae Semen Dulce, ADS), salted almond (Armeniacae Semen Salsa, ASS), and their sulfur-fumigating products (Armeniacae Semen Sulphur Fumabat, ASFS). Wide varieties of almonds may lead to uncertain efficacy, aberrant quality, and even increased safety risk. However, the authentication method for medicinal almonds has not been reported, although imposters may lead to ineffective medical response. In the present study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the 2-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy were used to identify different almonds, which were extracted with different solvents including water, methanol, ethanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate, respectively. A new simple FTIR method was developed in the present study. According to the gradient solvent polarity, a new 2D IR method was first developed, and the commodities of almonds in China were analyzed by using the FTIR spectroscopy supported by hierarchical clustering of characteristic peaks. Moreover, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural could be used as a detection index and control target in the quality control of medicinal almonds.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Prunus dulcis ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; methods