AIM: To discuss the establishment of immediate diabetic keratopathy animal model of C57BL/6 mouse induced by ahigh-fat and high-glucose diet.
METHODS: Diabetes mellitus was induced by a high-fat and high-glucose diet in C57BL/6 mouse. 1% rose bengal was stained on the cornea to examine the integrality of the corneal epithelium at 2 ~ 12mo after completion of the model. Corneal epithelial wound healing was observed using a vivo epithelial debridement model which was dyed by sodium fluorescein. Corneal morphology histology was examined by pathological methods.
RESULTS: The high-fat and high-glucose diet C57BL/6 mouse in 2mo had showed general symptoms of diabetes: polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, weight loss etc. The model had a steady-state high glucose (≥18mmol/L), also the weight was lower compared with normal control mouse. 1% rose bengal corneal staining had dot coloring at 2mo after completion of the model, the stained area and extent were gradually increased with the extension of the duration of diabetes, almost all the cornea was stained at 12mo after completion of the
model. With the passage of time into a mold, the cornea epithelial healing time become longer: 2mo was about 40h;3mo was about 120h; 4, 6, 12mo was about 144h;the coloboma were gradually increased at 12mo after completion of the model, then the area was reduced gradually until complete healing, the time was 96~120h, showed repeating phenomenon.
CONCLUSION: The mouse were induced by high-fat and high-glucose diet can be used as animal models of diabetic keratopathy: the damage of epithelium for corneal and delay healing on epithelium and other symptoms.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Synaptophysin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe dynamically the effect of drugs for clearing heat and removing dampness (CHRD) on biliary components in rabbits with pigment gallstones (PGS).

METHODSForty rabbits were established into PGS model and randomly divided into 3 groups, the bacterial infection group, the CHRD low-dose group and the CHRD high-dose group. Besides, a normal group was set up with healthy rabbits for control. Changes of total bilirubin (TB), unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), total bile acid (TBA), Ca2+, bacterial and endogenous beta-glucuronidase (beta-Gase) in bile were observed.

RESULTSCHRD drugs significantly decreased the contents of UCB, Ca2+, bacterial and endogenous beta-Gase (P < 0.05), and increased TBA in bile (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCHRD drugs have good effect in reducing the lithogenesis of the pigment gallstones.

Animals ; Bile ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Bile Pigments ; metabolism ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Gallstones ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glucuronidase ; metabolism ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effects of peripheral facial paralysis in acute stage by different interventions and explore the better treatments of peripheral facial paralysis.

METHODSOne hundred and thirty one cases of Bell's facial paralysis were randomly divided into three groups. In acupuncture group (44 cases), Dicang (ST 4), Jiache (ST 6), Hegu (LI 4), Yangbai (GB 14) and Taiyang (EX-HN 5), etc. were applied; in electroacupuncture group (45 cases), the selection of acupoints and needling method were same as those in acupuncture group, and the electroacupuncture therapy was applied on Dicang (ST 4), Xiaguan (ST 7), Yangbai (GB 14) and Taiyang (EX-HN 5) in acute stage; in medication and acupuncture group (42 cases), Prednisone and Acyclovir were taken by oral administration, Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B12, were applied by intramuscular injection in acute stage, and acupuncture was applied by the way which was same as that in acupuncture group during quiescent and recovery stages. The curative effects were evaluated by House-Brackmann Grading Scale, and the failed rates were observed by follow-up after one and three months.

RESULTSThe cured and markedly effective rates were 79.6% (35/44), 93.4% (42/45) and 78.6% (33/42) respectively in acupuncture group, electroacupuncture group and medication and acupuncture group, and the result in electroacupuncture group was superior to those in acupuncture group and medication and acupuncture group (P < 0.05). The cured rates above tympanichord were 54.2% (13/24), 85.2% (23/27) and 48.0% (12/25) in acupuncture group, electroacupuncture group and medication and acupuncture group, and the result in electroacupuncture group was superior to those in acupuncture group and medication and acupuncture group (P < 0.01). There was no significant differences of cured rates below tympanichord among three groups (P > 0.05); and the failed rate in electroacupuncture group was much lower than those in acupuncture group and medication and acupuncture group by follow-up after one and three months (all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe peripheral facial paralysis is effectively treated by electroacupuncture in acute stage, and it suggests that electroacupuncture should be applied early during the acupuncture treatment of peripheral facial paralysis.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acyclovir ; administration & dosage ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; Facial Paralysis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prednisone ; administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Aged, 80 and over ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Prosthesis Failure

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism underlying pruritus by comparing the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor(EGFRI)-erlotinib mouse model with the substance P(SP)-induced pruritus mouse model. Methods Two randomized groups of mice were treated with erlotinib or SP to induce pruritus. Behavioral and skin manifestations were observed. Pathological images and neurokinin 1 receptor(NK-1R)expression of the skin were determined. Concentration of interleukin(IL)-31, IL-33, histamine, leukotriene B4, and SP was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nitric oxide was analyzed by colorimetry. Results Transient pruritus induced by erlotinib appeared 2 to 5 days after treatment. In contrast, continuous pruritus was observed during the first hour, but was then gradually relieved. These two shared similar scratching behavior. Concentration of neurotransmitters showed similar trends in changes among the erlotinib group and SP group. Immunohistochemical expression was also consistent between the erlotinib group and SP group. Conclusions Erlotinib-associated pruritus is related to release of signaling factors through the SP/NK-1R signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate values of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)in eyes filled with silicone oil.Design Prospective cases series.Participants 40 eyes of 40 patients were filled with silicone oil after ocular injury.Methods MRI was performed in the 40 patients,including axial FSE T_1WI,T_2WI,coronal T_2WI with fat saturation,oblique sagittal T_1WI and axial T_2FLAIR.MRI findings,in- cluding morpbous,signal and complications were analyzed.Oculi axes were measured.Main Outcome Measures Morphous,signal, complications and oculi axes of the eyes filled with silicone oil.Results Affected oculi axis was 2.18cm?0.21cm,normal oculi axis was 2.48cm?0.16cm.The silicone oil in eyes demonstrated isointense signal or slightly hyperintense signal on T_1WI and T_2WI,hypointense signal after fat saturation.Hydrops was found in vitreous cavity in 33 patients,including simple hydrops in 17 patients and complicated other abnormality in 16 patients.Choroidal detachment was found in 11 patients,complicating vitreous hydrops in 5 patients and lo- calized bulge of eyeball wall.Retinal detachments were found in 4 patients,of whom 3 patients complicated with vitreous hydrops.Per- fluorocarbon liquid residual in vitreous cavity,foreign body in anterior chamber,localized thickness of the wall of the globe and meagre- mean of silicone oil in vitreous cavity were found respectively in one patient complicating vitreous hydrops.Except for eye changes, fracture of orbital wall and foreign body in orbit were found in one patient.Conclusions MRI can display the changes of eyes filled with silicone oil,and measure oculi axes biologically and accurately offering important clinical application value.(Ophthalmol CHN,2007,16: 312-315)

0.05).(4) Toxicity:Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ myelosuppression was 60%(18/30)in Tp group,26%(8/31)in TC group and 30%(10/33)in PC group.The TP regimen had the greatest hematologic toxicity(P0.05). Conclusions As first line chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer,TP regimen comparable to the standard chemotherapy regimen.

OBJECTIVETo comprehensively understand the situation of antenatal care in the last thirty years and to identify the existing problems and challenges.

METHODSPPS method was used to select those women under study and face to face interview was carried out at the house.

RESULTSThe quality and coverage rate of antenatal care as well as the rate of hospital delivery had been continuously increasing over time and the coverage rate of antenatal checkup had increased from 38.7% in 1970s to 95.9%, while the institutional delivery rose from 20.1% to 87.4% in the last three years. However, problems and challenges were found refering to the of delay first antenatal care, inadequate timing and with incomplete contents. Only 71.7% of the pregnant women had received first checkup during the first three months. 64.1% of the women received 5 times or more of the checkups while only 29.1% of the women had received all the 7 basic checkup items. Rate of hospital delivery was unsatisfactory that most (79.5%) of the women had the delivery not in the hospitals when under the assistance of midwife/village doctors. Indicators showed that the worst was in the western regions.

CONCLUSIONGreat progress had been made in the field of antenatal care in last thirty yeats in China. The coverage rate of antenatal checkup and institutional delivery had been improved. But the quality of antenatal care should be further improved, especially in the western regions.

China ; Female ; Humans ; Maternal Health Services ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Care ; statistics & numerical data ; Quality of Health Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to investigate the expression of connexin (Cx) and the function of gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) in the carcinogenesis, progression and metastasis of gastric cancers.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Cx32 and Cx43 proteins in tissue samples. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to investigate the expression of Cx32 and Cx43 proteins in several gastric cancer lines of various differentiation grades. The expression of Cx43 in samples of gastric cancer tissue, adjacent normal tissue and in the gastric cancer cell lines of various differentiation grades was detected by Western blot. Scrape-loading dye transfer (SLDT) technique was used to detect the function of gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) in the various cell lines.

RESULTSIn the normal gastric mucosa the expression rates of both Cx32 and Cx43 were 100%. In gastric cancers, the expression rates of Cx32 andCx43 were 49.5% (55/111) and 39.6% (44/111), respectively. There was a significant difference between their expression in normal and cancer tissues (P < 0.05). Age of the patients was not significantly correlated with the expression level of Cx32 and Cx43 (P > 0.05). Cx43 expression was significantly associated with the TMN stage, histological type, depth of infiltration and distant metastasis (P < 0.05), but Cx32 expression was not significantly correlated with depth of infiltration ( P > 0.05). In the cancer cell lines, a positive expression of Cx32 and Cx43 was detected in transfected human stomach mucosal cell line (CES-1) and human well differentiated stomach cancer cell line (N87), but negative in the poorly differentiated stomach cancer cell line (BGC-823) at all. Both Cx32 and Cx43 expression rates were 100% in the cell line GES-1. Cx32 expression rate was 49.0% and Cx43 expression rate was 55.0% in the cell line N87. But in the poorly differentiated cancer cell line BGC-823 both Cx32 and Cx43 expression was negative. GJIC function detection showed: GES-1 showed well GIJC function but no GIJC function in the cell lines N87 and BGC-823. The intensity of fluorescence was gradually decreasing from GES-1 cells to N87 cells and almost no fluorescence in BGC-823 cells. Western blotting showed that Cx43 expression in normal tissue was higher than that in gastric cancer tissue, and in the cell lines GES-1, N87 and BGC-823, the bands seemed decreasing progressively. There was very low expression in BGC-823 cells.

CONCLUSIONThe decreasing expression of connexin Cx32 and Cx43 is obviously correlated with the occurrence, development and metastatic potential of stomach cancers.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Cell Communication ; physiology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Connexin 43 ; metabolism ; Connexins ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Female ; Gap Junctions ; physiology ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology