Child, Preschool ; Dexamethasone ; adverse effects ; Diaphragm ; drug effects ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Spasm ; chemically induced

Background Meibomain gland is a specially differentiated sebaceous gland lying in the tarsus of upper and lower eyelid.The morphological changes of the gland is associated with a variety of ocular surface diseases.Studying the relationship of morphological and functional change of meibomain gland with ocular surface is of great significance.Objective This study was to observe the change of morphology,structure and function of meibomain gland over aging and investigate the assocation of meibomain gland abnormality with ocular surface.Methods A prospectively cases-observational study was performed.Ninety-three eyes of 93 patients with age-related cataract aged 45 and older were enrolled in Shanxi Eye Hospital from March to September 2016 under the informed consent.The patients were divided into 45 to 59-year group and ≥60-year group according to age or meibomian gland loss ≥ 1/3 group and meibomian gland loss ＜ 1/3 group.The ocular anterior segment,lid margin,meibomian gland orifices and lipids traits were examined by slit-lamp microscope.The ocular surface symptoms were assessed and scored by Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scale.The break-up time of tear film (BUT),tear meniscus height,meibomian gland dropout degree,conjunctival hyperemia and corneal fluorescence staining scores were measured using ocular surface analyzer.Results No dry eye symptom was complained in all the subjects,and their OSDI scores were ＜12.No abnormal changes at the lid margin and the muco-cutaneous junction were observed.No abnormality of the meibomian gland orifices,the lipids traits and drainage was observed under the slit-lamp microscope.BUT was shortened in 42 eyes (45.16％);tear meniscus height was lowed in 52 eyes (55.91％);meibomian gland loss range was ≥1/3 in 58 eyes (62.27％).The meibomian gland loss scores were 1.65±0.79 in the 45 to 59-year group and 1.86±0.72 in the ≥60-year group,showing an insignificant difference between them (t =1.301,P =0.197).But when coming to the correlation analysis,a positive correlation was found between meibomian gland loss scores and age (rs =0.323,P=0.002),and no correlations were seen between age and BUT or tear meniscus height (rs =0.154,P =0.141;rs=-0.024,P =0.821).In addition,meibomian gland loss scores showed a negative correlation with mean BUT (rs =-0.251,P =0.015).The eye number of BUT abnormality in the meibomian gland loss ≥ 1/3 group was more than that in meibomian gland loss ＜1/3 group (P =0.018).Conclusions Meibomian gland loss is more serious over aging in middle aged and elderly population,and serious meibomian gland loss increases the risk of tear film instability.The early meibomain gland dysfunction-like signs occur prior to symptoms,which should raise concern in clinical work.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of medicines for activating blood and reinforcing Qi on the number of new micro-vessels and the protein expressions of VEGF and bFGF in the infarcted myocardium edge area of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model in rats.

METHODThe AMI model of rats was established. After the successful model establishment, rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group, the model group, the Danshen-Huangqi (1 : 2) group, the Danshen-Huangqi (1 : 1) group, the Chuanxiong-Huangqi (1 : 2) group, the Danshen group, the Chuanxiong group, the Chishao group and the Shexiang Baoxin pill group, with five rats in each group. Rats in each medicated group were orally administered with drugs as per 13.5 g x kg(-1) x d(-1) once everyday for three weeks. The immunohistochemical SP method was adopted to detect the expression of vWF in myocardial tissues, and count the number of micro-vessels (MVC). The protein expression of VEGF and bFGF in myocardial tissues were determined by Western blot.

RESULTThe new micro-vessels stained by vWF factor could be found in the infarcted myocardium edge area of the sham-operated group, the model group and all of medicated groups. The sham-operated group show unobvious new micro-vessels in myocardial tissues. A small amount of new micro-vessels could be seen in the infarcted myocardium edge area of the model group. Whereas a larger number of micro-vessels could be seen in the infarcted myocardium edge area of all of medicated groups. The differences between the sham-operated group and the model group had statistical significance (P < 0.05). The differences between each medicated group and the model group had statistical significance as well (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The lowest protein expression of VEGF and bFGF was found in myocardium of the sham-operated group, with the statistical significance compared with the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, each medicated group showed significant increase in the protein expression of VEGF and bFGF, with the statistical significance between them (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe Danshen group, the Chuanxiong group, the Chishao group, the Danshen-Huangqi (1 : 2) group, the Danshen-Huangqi (1 : 1) group and the Chuanxiong-Huangqi (1 : 2) group show the effect in promoting angiogenesis. Their mechanism for promoting angiogenesis may be related to the improvement of the protein expressions of VEGF and bFGF, so as to increase the contents of VEGF and bFGF and promote the angiogenesis of new vessels.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Microcirculation ; drug effects ; Microvessels ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Qi ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism

Abstract? AIM: Through the establishment of penetrating keratoplasty model of rats, to detect the role and its mechanism of immature dendritic cells with IL-10 gene modified.? METHODS: Allogeneic penetrating corneal transplantation in rat model was performed. SD rats were randomly divided into positive control group, GFP-DC group, 8-DC and IL-10-GFP-DC group.At 3d before keratoplasty, the rats were given tail intravenous injection with the same amount of PBS, bone marrow 8-DC ( DC had cultured for 8d ) from donor Wistar rats, GFP-DC after 48h transfection and IL-10-GFP-DC.Rats were observed under slit-lamp for corneal graft cases every day, and recorded rejection index and corneal graft survival time.At 14d after keratoplasty, pathologic and immunohistochemical examinations were performed.?RESULTS:Compared with GFP-DC group and 8-DC group, corneal graft survival time of IL-10-GFP-DC group was significantly longer ( P<0.01 ); at 14d after keratoplasty, corneal opacity, edema, neovascularization and rejection index of IL-10 -GFP-DC group were significantly lower (P<0.01).Pathological examination showed that in the three experimental groups corneal inflammation was lighter than the positive control group without significant central graft neovascularization. Immunohistochemistry showed: compared to the positive control group, GFP-DC group and 8-DC group, CD4+, CD8+, CD25+, IL-2+, NK+and NF-κB+positive cells in IL-10-GFP-DC group were lower(P<0.01).? CONCLUSION: After donor -derived immature dendritic cells pretreated, corneal graft survival was significantly prolonged, successfully induced corneal transplantation tolerance. CD4+, CD8+, CD25+, IL-2+, NK+and NF-κB+positive cells are involved in corneal allograft rejection regulation, IL-10-GFP-DC may reduce CD4+, CD8+, CD25+, IL-2+, NK+and NF-κB+positive cell infiltration, inhibit corneal transplant rejection.

Aged ; Animals ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; Phytotherapy ; Stroke ; drug therapy ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy

Child ; Female ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Pylorus ; abnormalities

Objective:To develop a highly efficacious and sensitive immunological reagent for further investigation on the retinoic acid-induced gene I (Rig-I) of mouse .Methods:The Helicase domain coding region (726-2 240 bp) of mRig-I-H was cloned into plasmid pET15b (+) to construct the recombinant plasmid pET15b(+)-mRig-I-H.Then the plasmid was transformed into E.coli BL21 for protein expression.Rabbits were immunized with electrophoresis-purified recombinant protein to obtain the polyclonal antibody against mRig-I-H.The titer of polyclonal antibody was detected by ELISA and the specificity was identified by Western blot and Immunofluorescence.Results:The recombinant protein was expressed successfully in E.coli.Western blot analysis showed that target protein was expressed with a molecular weight of 40 kD.Titer of the polyclonal antibody was about 1∶1?105 by ELISA assay.With this antibody,we could detect the expression of Rig-I in RAW 264.7 cell line by Western blot and Immunofluorescence.Conclusion:The high level expression of Rig-I Helicase domain is induced in E.coli expressing system.Anti-mRig-I-H polyclonal antibody with high titer and fine specificity could be a novel tool in future investigation of Rig-I.

AIM: To investigate the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG) on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion(MPP+)-induced apoptosis in rat pheochromocytoma(PC12) cells and to explore the relationships between its roles of anti-oxidation,intracellular calcium homeostasis and anti-apoptosis.METHODS: Rat PC12 cells were pretreated with vehicle control or EGCG(10,50,and 100 ?mol/L) for 30 min,then cultured with MPP+(900 ?mol/L) for 24 h.The cell viability and apoptosis were monitored by MTT assay and flow cytometry using Annexin V and PI.The activity of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA),cytoplasmic Ca2+ density and apoptotic morphology of mitochondria were examined by fluorescent plate-based assays,confocal microscope,and transmission electron microscope,respectively.RESULTS: MPP+ impaired the PC12 cells in a concentration-dependent pattern and induced apoptosis of the cells(31% versus control).Compared with the control,the cells pretreated with EGCG showed markedly higher rate of viability and lower apoptosis.Meanwhile,EGCG pretreatment significantly increased the SOD activity and decreased the levels of MDA and ROS.Interestingly,EGCG also decreased the concentration of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and improved the morphology of mitochondria.CONCLUSION: EGCG exhibits inhibitory effects on MPP+-induced apoptosis in rat PC12 cells,which is possibly associated with increasing the cell ability of anti-oxidation and decreasing the concentration of cytoplasmic Ca2+.