AIM:To discuss the application value of retro-mode imaging by F-10 confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO) for detecting drusen in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).METHODS:This was a retrospective case study.During the period of October 2015 to December 2016, 67 patients with unilateral AMD (67 affected eyes and 67 fellow eyes) were included in this study.All patients underwent color fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retro-mode imaging by F-10 cSLO.The features of drusen by color fundus photography, OCT and retro-mode imaging were comparatively observed in the affected eyes of patients with unilateral AMD.Positive numbers of drusen in the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral AMD detected by color fundus photography, OCT and retro-mode imaging were calculated and compared.RESULTS:Retro-mode imaging by F-10 cSLO gave easier to identify images of drusen than color fundus photography and OCT in the affected eyes of patients with unilateral AMD.In the fellow eyes of 67 patients with unilateral AMD, retro-mode imaging showed drusen in 56 cases(84%), color funds photography showed drusen in 36 cases(54%), OCT showed drusen in 48 cases(72%), the difference was statistically significant(χ2=14.31, P<0.05).The positive numbers of drusen detected by retro-mode imaging were significantly higher than color fundus photography, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=13.87, P′<0.0125).There was no statistically significant difference in the positive numbers of drusen detected by retro-mode imaging and OCT(χ2=2.75, P′>0.0125).CONCLUSION:Retro-mode imaging by F-10 cSLO provides a non-invasive technique and should be useful for detecting and monitoring drusen in AMD.

Basal rate verification is the process to find and verify the basal rate of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSⅡ) required for basal glucose metabolism.In the present study,five cases of brittle diabetes were treated by CSⅡ with Insulin Lispro.After doses were adjusted to reach steady blood glucose levels,basal rate verifying tests were carried out.The results showed that the overall level and stability of blood glucose were improved markedly after CSⅡ.Before and after the verification of the basal rate,there was no significant difference in CSⅡ total doses.Basal rates decreased from 50％ of total to 30％ (P＜0.05),and boluses increased to 70％ (P＜0.05).The basal rates during lunch and supper time were reduced by half (P＜0.05),the boluses of lunch and supper were increased 1.5 times (P＜0.05),and square waves were needed to control postprandial blood glucose.These results suggest that the CSⅡ could smoothly control blood glucose level in brittle diabetes without basal rate verification.However,the implementation of the verification could better determine the basal rates for basal glucose metabolism,and thus help to identify diet-related boluses.

This paper presents a case of post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus with seriously damaged islet function. The blood glucose level was successfully controlled by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ( CSII )therapy both in short and long terms.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea ; surgery ; Craniotomy ; methods ; Endoscopy ; Frontal Sinus ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Nose ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To understand the environmental estrogens contamination of tap water and source water. Methods Environmental estrogens in the water samples were concentrated by macroporous adsorption resin H103. The effect of environmental estrogens in concentrated samples was assessed by the recombinant yeast system. Results The results showed that some source water and tap water really contained environmental estrogens. The activity of environmental estrogens in concentrated samples of some source water increased as the volume of concentrated sample increased. The concentrate of 100 ml water sample could show the estrogenic effect. Conclusion Some source waters and tap waters in China have been contaminated by environmental estrogens. Environmental estrogens in source water can not be removed completely by drinking water treatment system of city.

Quality education and innovative ability cultivation of students are a new position in higher education.Exploring exper- iment was applied in teaching of microbiological experiment for enhancing integrative diathesis and cultivating innovative spirit and ability of students.The practice has been proved that learning fervor of students was increased adequately.Unaided operation abili- ty,integrative analysis ability and innovative idea were enhanced,too.Accordingly,teaching quality of microbiological experiment was improved.

Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) was used to detect trans fatty acids (TFA) in edible vegetable oils quantitatively. And prediction model of TFA was optimized through band selection, pretreatment method, variable selection and modeling method. NIR spectra of 98 edible vegetable oil samples were collected in spectral range of 4000-10000 cm-1 using an Antaris Ⅱ Fourier transform near infrared spectrometer, and the true content of TFA was measured by gas chromatography. First, optimization of waveband and pretreatment method was conducted on original spectra. On this basis, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) was used to select important variables that related to TFA. Finally, the prediction models of TFA content in edible vegetable oils were established using principal component regression ( PCR), partial least square (PLS) and least square support vector machine (LS-SVM). The results indicated that NIR spectroscopy was feasible for detecting TFA content in edible vegetable oils, R2 of the best prediction model after optimized in calibration and prediction sets were 0. 992 and 0. 989, and root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) and root mean square error of prediction ( RMSEP) were 0. 071% and 0. 075% , respectively. Only 26 variables were used in the best prediction model, accounting for 0. 854% of the whole waveband variables. In addition, compared with the full waveband PLS prediction model, the R2 in prediction set increased from 0. 904 to 0. 989, and RMSEP decreased from 0. 230% to 0. 075% . It shows that model optimization is very necessary, CARS method can select important variables related to TFA effectively and immensely reduce the number of modeling variables, so it can simplify the prediction model, and greatly improve the accuracy and stability of prediction model.

Background As the only active component in final treatment phase of Tip-Edge Plus technique,the activation of nickel-titanium orthodontic archwires is one of the factors that affect the torque expression.It is necessary to evaluate the mechanical properties of the nickel-titanium wire used in the final treatment phase in simulated oral environments to forecast the treatment outcomes.Methods The mechanical properties of 171 thermal nickel-titanium wires of 0.35 mm (0.014-in) in diameters with different deflection of 40 mm in length were investigated with three-point bending test.The samples were divided into 2 groups:as-received and bended groups.In the bended group,samples were divided into 7 subgroups according to the amounts of deflection and named by the canine angulations (-25°,-19°,-13°,-7°,-1°,+5°,+11°).The deflection of wires was made by inserting the wires into the deep tunnel of Tip-Edge Plus brackets positioned in plaster casts with different canine angulations to mimic the use of nickel-titanium wires in the final treatment phase.Immersed the bended group in artificial saliva (pH 6.8) and preserved at 37.0°C.Eight durations of incubation were tested:1 to 8 weeks.Three analogous samples of each group and subgroups were tested per week.Stiffness (YS:E) and the load-deflection characteristics of unloading plateau section were obtained.Results Significant changes in specific mechanical properties were observed in long-term immersed and large deflected wires compared with as-received groups.Both immersion time and deflection affected the mechanical properties of wires in the simulated oral environment,and the two factors had synergistic effect.In groups-25°,-19° and -13°,stiffness (YS:E) increased then decreased and average plateau force and ratio of variance decreased then increased correspondingly at specific time.Conclusions In the final treatment phase of Tip-Edge Plus technique,the mechanical properties of nickel-titanium wire are associated with the using time and amounts of deflection and it may affect treatment outcomes.As the main reason for wire deflection,canine crown angulation plays an important role in the wire performance.It may be wise to focus on the canine crown angulations and using time in clinic with Tip-Edge Plus technique and make proper adjustment to help to make sure the treatment outcomes.

An HPLC method to determine six alkaloids of the Coptidis for Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2015 Edition was established through C18 column. The mobile phase was CH3CN-0.25 mol·L-1 NH4Ac (36:64) (containing 8 mmol·L-1 SDS and adjusting pH 9.3 with ammonia) at the flow rate of 1 mL·min-1, the detective wavelength was 270 nm and the column temperature was 35 oC. The linear ranges of jatrorrhizine hydrochloride, columbamine hydrochloride, epiberberine hydrochloride, coptisine hydrochloride, palmatine hydrochloride and berberine hydrochloride were 0.006 96-0.233, 0.004 75-0.152, 0.003 30-0.528, 0.006 31-1.010, 0.004 71-0.753, 0.017 8-2.884 μg·mL-1, respectively. The average recoveries were 99.65%, 98.59%, 98.49%, 98.66%, 98.64%, 98.63% and RSD were 0.03%、0.15%、0.21%、0.12%、0.28%、0.23%, respectively. The method is simple and accurate, and can be used to determine the contents of jatrorrhizine, columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine and berberine in the Coptidis.

Objective Few researches are reported on the association of integrinαvβ6 with vaginal mucous infection and de-fense.This study aimed to investigate the effects of IL-6, TGF-β, and IFN-γon the expression of integrinαvβ6 in the vaginal epithelial cell line VK2/E6E7. Methods Immortalized human vaginal epi-thelial cells (VK2/E6E7) were cultured in vitro and treated with gra-dient concentrations of IL-6 (1, 10, 50, and 100 ng/mL), TGF-β(0.1, 1, 10, and 100 ng/mL), and IFN-γ(50, 500, 2500, and 5000 U/L) , respectively.After 48 hours, the cells were collected and total RNA extracted by the Trizol method to be reversely tran-scribed to cDNA. The expressions of integrin αand β6 subunit mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Results In the IL-6-treated VK2/E6E7 cells, the integrin αand β6 subunit mRNA expressions were significantly lower in the 1 ng/mL and 10 ng/mL groups but remarkably higher in the 100 ng/mL group (1.14 ±0.12 and 1.37 ±0.25) than in the blank control (1.00 ±0.09) (P<0.05), and only the expression ofβ6 subunit mRNA was elevated in the 50 ng/mL group (P<0.05), with the expressions increased in a concentration-dependent manner.In the TGF-βtreated VK2/E6E7 cells, the expressions of integrinαandβ6 subunit mRNA were significantly lower in the 0.1 ng/mL and 1 ng/mL groups but remarkably higher in the 100 ng/mL group than in the blank control (1.00 ±0.09) (P<0.01), and only the expression ofβ6 subunit mRNA was elevated in the 10 ng/mL group (4.31 ±0.78, P<0.01), with the expressions increased in a concentration-dependent manner.In the IFN-γtreated VK2/E6E7 cells, the expressions of both integrinαandβ6 subunit mRNA were significantly lower in the 50 U/L, 500 U/L, 2500 U/L, and 5000 U/L groups than in the blank control (all P<0.01). Conclusion IL-6 and TGF-βhave an inhibitory effect the expression ofαvβ6 in VK2/E6E7 cells at low concentrations, which gradually diminishes with the increased concentration of inflammatory factors.In the early stage of inflammation, IFN-γcan effectively suppress the expression ofαvβ6 at a high concentration.However, with the progression of inflammation and decrease of its concentration, IFN-γloses its inhibi-tory effect and therefore does not help inflammation control.