AIMTo investigate the pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin alginate microspheres (DOX-AM) in vivo after hepatic arterial embolization.

METHODSChina miniature pigs were chosen as the experimental animals. Transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with DOX-AM (experimental group), lipiodol and DOX (DOX-lipiodol, control group 1), and infusion with DOX (control group 2) were performed after angiography and superselection of an intrahepatic branch of hepatic artery. After chemoembolization or infusion, the blood was collected at different time intervals. Drug concentration in plasma was measured by HLPC and the parameters of pharmacokinetics were calculated.

RESULTSThe values of T1/2, AUC, Cmax, and MRT of the DOX-AM were significantly different from those of control group 1 and control group 2. After embolization, the DOX-AM embolized in the vessel and still retained there at 8 weeks. The digital subtraction arteriography (DSA) and computerized tomography (CT) showed the reliable embolization results. The histological examination indicated that the liver damnifications were changed transitorily in all groups (P < 0.05) and were recovered within two weeks. The liver damnifications increased in following order: DOX < DOX-AM < DOX-lipiodol.

CONCLUSIONDOX-AM showed definite property of delayed release of drug in liver, and increased the retention time and concentration of DOX after embolization in vivo.

Alginates ; chemistry ; Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; Animals ; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Carriers ; Female ; Hepatic Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Iodized Oil ; chemistry ; Liver ; blood supply ; diagnostic imaging ; metabolism ; Male ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics and biomechanical mechanism of riding injuries involving bicycles collided by motor vehicles. METHODS: The real traffic accident cases of bicycles collided by motor vehicles, including the information of scenes, bicycles, motor vehicles, rider wounds and traffic directions, were collected. Retrospective method was used to study these riding injuries. In addition, typical cases were selected to simulate traffic accident courses with computer simulation software, and the dynamic data like acceleration, force, moment were cxtracted to compare with those in the real cases. RESULTS: There were no difference of occurring frequency between cases with or without riding injuries, as well as between one-side-collision and front- or back-collision. The riding injuries seemed less in accidents involving large-scale vehicles. The frequency of riding injuries increased with vehicle speed. The wound location was low on collision side and high on opposite. CONCLUSION Analysis of riding injury characteristic in traffic accidents and their biomechanical mechanism would be helpful for estimation of traffic manner.
Accidents, Traffic ; Area Under Curve ; Bicycling/injuries* ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Leg Injuries/pathology* ; Models, Theoretical ; Motor Vehicles ; Perineum/injuries* ; Retrospective Studies ; Wounds and Injuries/pathology*

BACKGROUNDPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is an emerging technique for the treatment of genital human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced benign and premalignant lesions. We report here in a case series of condyloma acuminata (CA) in pregnancy successfully treated with ALA-PDT.

METHODSFive pregnant patients with CA received three to four times treatment respectively. Patients were followed up for 6 - 23 months after treatment.

RESULTSThe clearance rate of genital warts was 100%. No recurrence was found during the follow-up period. Major adverse events reported were mild erosion, pain, and local edema. All pregnancies resulted in healthy live births without delivery complications.

CONCLUSIONSPDT with topical ALA seems to be safe and effective in the treatment of CA in pregnancy. It demonstrated high clearance rate of warts, was well-tolerated by patients, and showed no adverse effects on mothers or fetuses. ALA-PDT may be an ideal strategy of treatment for pregnant women with CA.

Adult ; Aminolevulinic Acid ; therapeutic use ; Condylomata Acuminata ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Photochemotherapy ; methods ; Pregnancy

Aim To study the apoptosis effect of cucurbitacin Ⅱa on non-small cell lung cancer cell lines NCI-H460 and A549 and its underlying mechanism.Methods Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 assay.The apoptosis effect and cell cycle arrest were detected by Flow cytometry.Western blot was employed to detect the related protein.Results The proliferation of lung cancer cell lines NCI-H460 and A549 was inhibited by CuⅡa, which showed cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 224.9 nmol·L-1 and 108.3 nmol·L-1 against NCI-H460 and A549 respectively.CuⅡa induced the cells apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase.The results of Western blot showed CuⅡa inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 and Cofilin in a dose-dependent manner.Further, CuⅡa inhibited the phosphorylation of Aurora A, in line with the important characteristics of anti-tumor effect of Aurora A kinase inhibitor with blocking cells in the G2/M phase.Conclusion CuⅡa has obvious anti-tumor effect against non-small cell lung cancer, which suggests its value as a lead compound for lung cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of oxidative stress on the accumulation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) within C2C12 myogenic cells. METHODS: Heat shock response (42 degrees C for 1 h and recovery for 12 h at 37 degrees C) was used to induce the expression of heat shock protein 70. We constructed a recombinant plasmid of HSP70 with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). After being transfected transiently into C2C12 cells, immunoblotting was used to detect the expression of HSP70 induced by heat shock response and transfection. Immunocytochemistry, fluorescent microscopy and immunoblotting were used to detect the translocation of HSP70. RESULTS: Immunoblotting showed that the overexpression of HSP70 was induced by heat shock response and transient transfenction. HSP70 localized within the cytoplasm of the normal cells, but HSP70 translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and the nucleolus at 1 h after the treatment of oxidative stress (0.5 mmol/L H2O2) by using immunocytochemistry, fluorescent microscopy and immunoblotting for cellular partial proteins. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress may induce the accumulation of heat shock protein 70 within the nucleolus.
Cell Nucleolus ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Myoblasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; physiology

Objective To investigate the effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) using As_2O_3 and Lipiodol on the growth and metastasis of the implanted hepatic tumor in rabbits and the correlation of metastasis with angiogenesis of the residual tumor.Methods Forty-eight New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups and VX_2 carcinoma was implanted in the left lobes of the livers.Two weeks later,a catheter was inserted into the hepatic artery and infusion was performed via the hepatic artery using physiological saline(group A),Lipiodol(group B),ADM-Lipiodol(group C),and As_2O_3-Lipiodol(group D),respectively.One week after the treatment,the value of microvessel density (MVD)of tumors(samples got by biopsy)was examined by immunohistochemistry.Three weeks after the treatment,the volume and necrotic area of the implanted tumor were measured.The metastases in the liver, lungs and other organs were recorded.Results One week after the treatment,the value of MVD of the tumorswas(21.8?5.3),(23.4?3.9),(22.4?4.5),and(14.3?3.4)/400 power LM(F= 11.246,P=0.000).Three weeks after the treatment,the mean volume of the implanted tumor was (35.5?7.1),(21.2?8.3),(20.7?9.1),and(11.8?3.7)cm~3(F=21.203,P=0.0000)in groups A,B,C and D,respectively.There was significant difference between group D and group B(q= 4.398,P

OBJECTIVE: To reconstruct the course of vehicle collision, so that to provide the reference for forensic identification and disposal of traffic accidents. METHODS: Through analyzing evidences left both on passengers and vehicles, technique of momentum impulse combined with multi-dynamics was applied to simulate the motion and injury of passengers as well as the track of vehicles. RESULTS: Model of computer stimulation perfectly reconstructed phases of the traffic collision, which coincide with details found by forensic investigation. CONCLUSION Computer stimulation is helpful and feasible for forensic identification in traffic accidents.
Accidents, Traffic ; Automobiles ; Computer Simulation ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Software ; Wounds and Injuries/etiology*

OBJECTIVE: Using computer simulation to analyze the effects of speed, type of automobile and impacted position on crash-course and injuries of pedestrians in automobile vs. pedestrian accidents. METHODS: Automobiles (bus, minibus, car and truck) and pedestrian models were constructed with multi-body dynamics computing method. The crashes were simulated at different impact speeds (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 km/h) and different positions (front, lateral and rear of pedestrians). Crash-courses and their biomechanical responses were studied. RESULTS: If the type of automobile and impact position were the same, the crash-courses were similar (impact speed < or = 60 km/h). There were some characteristics in the head acceleration, upper neck axial force and leg axial force. CONCLUSION Multi-body dynamics computer simulation of crash can be applied to analyze crash-course and injuries (head, neck and leg) of pedestrians.
Accidents, Traffic ; Automobiles ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Walking

Objective To study the value of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) in evaluating traumatic optic neuropathy. Methods DT-MRI data of bilateral optic nerve were acquired in 6 patients with unilateral traumatic optic neuropathy. Volume One 1.44 and DTV2 softwares were employed to measure the fraction anisotropy (FA) and average apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and to self-compare between the injured and intact optic nerves. The architecture of the optic radiation fiber tracts were displayed with the software of diffusion tensor fiber tracking. Results All of the infraorbital segments of optic nerves were well demonstrated, with suboptimal intracanalicular portion in 2 patients. The average FA of intraorbital optic nerve in 6 patients: the injured side was 0.244±0.067 and the uninjured side was 0.452±0.053 (P=0.000);FA of the injured side obviously decreased. The average value of ADC: the injured side was (1.417±0.121)×10<'-3> mm<'2>/s and the uninjured side was (1.087±0.118)×10<'3> mm<'2>/s (P=0.003);the value of ADC of the injured side obviously increased. Statistically significant differences were noted between the injured side and the uninjured side. The spacial integralities and connected situations of the nerves could be obtained in 4 patients with significant differences between the injured and the uninjured sides. Conclusion DT-MRI can provide useful pathological information in evaluating traumatic optic neuropathy.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at computer simulation of reconstruction of vehicle-bicyclist traffic accidents and investigation of the injury characteristics. METHODS: To use the model established by high performance computer and PC-Crash software to study the bicyclists and vehicles and to reconstruct the accident. RESULTS: The model of computer simulation response perfectly reconstructed phases of the traffic collision and explained the mechanisms of the injuries of the bicyclists, which correlated with details found in forensic investigation. CONCLUSION Computer simulation is feasible for forensic analysis on the injury mechanism of bicyclists in traffic related accidents.
Accidents, Traffic ; Bicycling/injuries* ; Computer Simulation ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Software ; Wounds and Injuries/pathology*