BackgroundAllogenic immunological rejection is still the common cause of keratoplasty failure.Organ culture is a good choice for gradually attenuating corneal antigeniciy.However,the complicated regulatory mechanism of such allogenic rejection with organ culture gratts is unclear until now.ObjectiveTo investigate the changes of several Thl/Th2 cytokines and T lymphocyte subsets in the rat corneal allogenic transplantation rejection with organ culture grafts.MethodsThirty-six SPF Wistar rats served as donors,and 72 SPF SD rats served as recipients in this study.Seventy-two SD rats were divided into two groups randomly.Organ culture and fresh grafts from Wistar rats were performed on 36 recipients SD rats,respectively.Six normal SD rats were served as the normal control.After transplantation,graft survival time was observed ; Aqueous humor levels of IL-2,IFN-γ,IL-4 and TNF-α were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine CD25 expressions in grafts.Levels of TNF-αmRNA,IFN-γmRNA,IL-4mRNA and CD25mRNA in grafts were detected by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reagction.The levels of CD28subsets in peripheralblood were determined by Flow Cytometry.The use of experimental animals followed the Statement of ARVO.Results The mean rat graft survival time was longer in the organ culture grafts group( 13.78 d) than that with fresh gratts( 10.56 d)(t=14.945,P =0.000 ).The aqueous humor levels of IL-2,IFN-γ,IL-4 and TNF-α were higher in two allograft groups at day 6,day 13 and day 24 after transplantation than that in the normal control,which peaked at day 13,and the fresh grafts group had the highest level( F=324.891,416.416,240.661,364.533,P=0.000).At day 13,CD25 was weakly expressed in frozen section of two operation groups.The expression of TNF-α and IFN-γmRNA in organ culture grafts group was markedly less than in fresh grafts group at day 13 after surgeries (t =2.464,P =0.039;t=5.438,P=0.001 ),whereas there was no significient difference in IL-4 and CD25 mRNA levels between them (t=-0.782,P =0.457,t =0.712,P =0.497).The percentages of CD28 of the fresh graft group increased significantly and more weakly expressed in organ culture grafts group (P =0.016 ). Conclusions Th1/Th2 cytokines and CD28 lymphocyte subsets may play important roles during corneal allograft rejection with organ culture grafts.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 64-slice spiral computed tomography(CT) in detecting coronary artery disease. Methods Twenty-three patients with suspected coronary artery stenosis were analyzed by 64-slice spiral computed tomography coronary angiography and catheter coronary angiography. Results Two hundred and ninety -one segments of the two hundred ninety-nine coronary artery segments in twenty-three patients could be visualized by 64-slice spiral CT,eight segments couldn't be visualized because of calcification and exercising shadow. According to gold standard of selective coronary arteriongraphy,the sensibility,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value to diagnose coronary artery stenosis by 64-slice spiral CT were 88.7%,98.2%,94.0% and 96.4%.Conclusion The coronary artery stenosis diagnosis by 64 -slice spiral CT is a potential detecting method and good clinical value but could not replace selective coronary arteriongraphy.

Objective:To determine the effectiveness and validity of morphometric analysis made from dental panoramic tomograms(DPTs) for predicting mandibular bone mineral density(BMD) while taking the result of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) as gold standard.Methods: Twenty healthy subjects(8 male,12 female) with intact dentition,aged from 1126 years old,were included in the present study.The BMD of each patient was measured at the lumbar spine(L1-L4) by DXA;the results were obtained based on the density of surface(g/cm2).Dental panoramic radiography was carried out using dental panoramic tomography(RTG230/ENR,made in Italy).Mandibular cortical thickness(MCT) and panoramic mandibular index(PMI) values were calculated and their relationship with DXA measurements were subjected to correlation analysis.The validity of MCT and PMI measurements were assessed by sensitivity and specificity.Results: We found mandibular BMD was positively correlated with MCT(r=0.268,P

[Objective] The objective of the study was to determine the clinical and radiological outcomes of cervical interbody fusion using ROI cages. [Methods] Patients showing degenerative cervical mono- or bi-level pathology were prospectively included. Using AP and lateral radiographs, segmental height of the treated segments was determined quantitatively. Cage characteristics were described qualitatively. Clinical data such as the neck disability in-dex(NDI), numeric rating scale(NRS) were col ected at al time points .[Results] The scores of NDI, NRS were decreased gradual y, and stable after half year;but they were respectively reduced to 8.64 and 1.57 from 23.32 and 8.93, with difference of statistical meaning. The intervertebral angle increased af-ter operation, then decreased gradual y and was stable after half year, was 3.6 °after 1 year. The intervertebral height was maximum after operation, then re-duced gradual y, and was 5.32mm or so after 1 year. 16 patients were al cured after 1 year, with short fusion rate reaching 100%. [Conclusions] The clini-cal and radiological short-term outcome of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using ROI cage are excel ent.

Objective To analyze the clinical effects of continuous epidural anesthesia and psychological intervention in painless labor. Methods From June 2016 to December 2016110 cases of maternal treatment in Ningbo city town of dragon longsai hospital as the research object, randomly divided into control group and observation group, control group of women to provide continuous epidural anesthesia, the observation group in continuous epidural anesthesia combined with psychological intervention measures. Results The two groups of pregnant women at different time scales VAS score, duration and other indicators, the data into the SPSS software, given the corresponding analysis and draw conclusions. Results The two groups of pain VAS score had no significant difference, the observation group each time after analgesia VAS score decreased than the control group(P<0.05); the first stage of the observation group was shorter than the control group (P<0.05), there was no significant difference between the 2 groups of second, third labor time. Conclusion Conclusion Epidural anesthesia and psychological intervention combined with painless labor have good analgesic effect and shorten the first stage of labor. .

AIM: To observe the effect and safety of applying mitomycin C ( MMC ) in laser - assisted subepithelial keratomileusis ( LASEK) for extreme high myopia.
●METHODS:LASEK with 0. 02% MMC was performed in 364 eyes of 182 patients with extreme high myopia and spherical equivalent was-9. 0 to-10. 25 D. All the patients were divided into four groups according to the applying time of MMC. The time in Group l was 10s, in GroupⅡwas 25s, in Group Ⅲ was 40s and 55s in Group lV. Uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) , residual refraction, Haze, healing time of corneal epithelium, density and variant index of corneal endothelium was examined in these patients and follow-up 6mo.
●RESULTS:At 6mo after surgery, 76. 3%, 94. 0%, 92. 3%and 93. 8% of the patients in Group l, GroupⅡ, GroupⅢ and Group lV respectively achieved the UCVA better than 15/20. There was significant difference of UCVA between Group l and the other three groups (χ2=19. 610, P=0. 000). Proportion of the residual refraction between ± 0. 5D in Group l (78. 8%) was lower than other groups (95. 2% in Group Ⅱ, 93. 3% in Group Ⅲ, and 92. 7% in GroupⅣ) at 6mo and there was significant difference (χ2=16. 329, P=0. 001). Group l had more Haze statistically than the other three groups at 6mo postoperatively ( Hc=50. 110, P=0. 000). The healing time of cornea epithelium seem to be no statistically difference between each group at 6mo (χ2=11. 611, P>0. 05). MMC had no influence on the density of corneal endothelium in each group postoperatively (P>0. 05), there were 3071. 3±284. 4 cells/mm2 in Group l, 3 105. 6 ± 337. 8 cells/mm2 in Group Ⅱ, 2 986. 3 ± 304. 1cells/mm2 in Group Ⅲ and 3 088. 7 ± 372. 5 cells/mm2 in Group lV respectively. The variant index of corneal endothelium calculated in each group at 6mo after surgery was 24. 72 ± 6. 52, 22. 93 ± 6. 74, 24. 38 ± 6. 63 and 23. 14±7. 22 repectively, compare with that preoperatively there were no statistically differences (P>0. 05).
●CONCLUSION: For extreme high myopia LASEK with 0. 02% MMC is effective and safe. The MMC applying time of 25s in LASEK can effectively reduce Haze after surgery and decrease potential complications.

AlM:To make a analysis of visual quality of iris location guided femtosecond laser assisted in situ keratomi ( LASlK) and iris location guided mechanical sub-bowman keratomileusis ( SBK) for high myopia treatment.METHODS:Femtosecond LASlK ( study group ) was performed in 102 eyes of 51 patients with high myopia and 70 eyes of 35 patients were received mechanical SBK ( control group ) from January to October 2013. The spherical refraction of all the patients was from -6. 00 ~-9. 50D. Best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) of the patients was ≥1. 0. Uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA), BCVA, thickness of cornea flap, contrast sensitivity function ( CSF ) and senior ocular aberration were examined in these patients and follow-up was 1a.RESULTS: At 1a after surgery 94. 1% UCVA in study group reached ≥1. 0 and there was 94. 3% in control group. There was no significant difference between two groups (P>0. 05). Residual refraction of study group was-0. 08±0. 10 D and control group was -0. 10±0. 07 D. There was no significant difference of residual refraction between two groups (P>0. 05). C12 , C8 of senior ocular aberration and RMSH in study group was less than control group, amplification:0.1642±0.0519 and 0.2229±0.0382 (t=8. 077, P<0. 05), while C7 was equal in two groups:0. 1583 ±0.1921 and 0. 1436±0. 1536 (t=0. 556, P>0. 05). C8 was 0. 0950±0. 069 and 0. 1858±0. 095 (t=7. 261, P<0. 05). RMSh was 0. 3711 ± 0. 0847 and 0. 5622 ± 0. 1033 ( t= 12. 801, P<0. 05). CSF was no significant difference between study group and control group (P>0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Femtosecond LASlK and mechanical SBK is effective for high myopia. Compared to mechanical SBK, femtosecond LASlK shows more advantages in the senior ocular aberration and visual quality. The cornea flap is more regular from central to peripheral area with femtosecond laser.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of the mRNA expression of BRCA1 andβ-tubulinⅢwith docetaxel-resistance in esophageal cancer. Methods:The genes BRCA1 andβ-tubulinⅢwere determined at the mRNA level using RT-qPCR in 36 esophageal carcinoma specimens. Results:The mRNA expression of BRCA1 andβ-tubulinⅢwas determined in the 36 tumor samples using RT-qPCR. The median BRCA1 mRNA expression level in relation to that ofβ-actin was 6.27. The medianβ-tubulinⅢmRNA expression level in relation to that ofβ-actin was 4.44. The patients were divided into two groups using these cutoff values. The BRCA1 mRNA expression level was not correlated with the sensitivity of esophageal cancer patients to docetaxel (P=0.733). The response rate of the tumors with highβ-tubulinⅢexpression was (38.9%), which is significantly lower than in patients with lowβ-tubulinⅢexpression (83.3%) (P=0.015). Conclusion:Theβ-tubulinⅢexpression levels in the tumor tissues were probably an important biomarker for the efficacy of docetaxel chemotherapy in esophageal cancer patients. Our study may provide new insights into taxane chemotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer patients.

Aim To investigate the effects of indole-selenium on mice's immunological liver injury.Methods The model of immunological liver injury in mice was prepared. The activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were assayed by spectrophotometry; the levels of nitric oxide(NO) in serum were assayed by Griess method; tumour necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) activity was determined by ridio immunoassay method and the level of interleukin-1(IL-1) was assayed by MTT dye reduction. Results Indole-selenium (5, 10, 20 mg?kg~(-1)) significantly decreased serum transaminase (ALT, AST) levels,attenuated the area and extent of necrosis and reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, indole-selenium significantly lowered the increased TNF-? and NO levels in serum and inhibited the production of TNF-? and IL-1 by peritoneal macrophages. Conclusion Indole-selenium possesses amelioration effect on pathology of immunological liver injury in mice,which was related directly with inhibiting the production of TNF-? and NO levels in serum, decreasing the production of TNF-? and IL-1 by peritoneal macrophages.

Objective To investigate the polymorphism at positions-137 and -607 in the upstream promoter 1 region of exon 2 of interleukin(IL)-18 gene in Han children with atopic dermatitis(AD)in Chongqing,China,as well as its correlation with the development of AD.Methods Blood samples were collected from 82 patients with atopic dermatitis and 100 healthy controls.DNA was extracted from the samples and subjected to test with PCR.The polymorphism of IL-18 gene at positions-137 and -607 in the upstream promoter 1 region was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-sequence specific primers(SSP)and gene sequencing.Genotype frequency was compared between the patients and controls.Resuits A G/C polymorphism(GG,GC and CC genotypes)was identified at position-137 in exon 2 of IL-18 gene,and a C/A polymorphism(CC.CA and AA genotypes)at position-607 of this gene.The frequency of genotype GC at position-137 was significantly higher in the patients than that in the controls(47% vs 27%,P＜0.05;odds ratio=2.33.95% confidence interval 1.26-4.33).Increased frequency of C allele was also noted at the position-137 in the patients compared with the controls(0.24 vs 0.15,P＜0.05;odds ratio=1.76,95% confidence interval 1.04.2.97).Patients with severe AD(SCORAD score＞50)were more likely to carry C allele at position-137 of IL-18 gene than those with mild AD(SCORAD＜20).There was no statistical difference in allele frequency at -607(C/A)among patients with mild,moderate,severe AD and the controls(P＞0.05).Conclusions There is a polymorphism at positions -137 and -607 in the upstream promoter 1 region of IL-18 exon 2.The GC genotype of IL-18 at position -137 may confer the susceptibility to AD in Han children in Chongqing.