Objective: To establish the quatity standard of Sedum aizoon L..Methods: The micro-method and TLC were used for qualitative identification,and a HPLC analysis was applied for quantitative determination of quercetin.Results: A qualitative analysis for Sedum aizoon L.was set up,a good linear relationship was obtained over the range of 1.216-2.16?g/ml and regression equation was Y=40386X-14138(r=0.9991).The average recovery rate was 102.08%(RSD=0.92%).Conclusion: The method is simple,accurate and suitable for quality control of Sedum aizoon L.

Objective To investigate the correlations of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) protein expression in renal interstitium with foam cells formation,tubulointerstitial lesion and serum cholesterol in glomerulonephropathy.Methods Five patients with Alport syndrome,28 patients with membranous proliferative glomerular nephritis (MPGN),35 patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS),36 patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and 34 patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) were enrolled in the study.Expression of ABCA1 protein was detected by immunohistochemical method.The relative area of foam cells in renal interstitium was semi-quantified and the correlations of ABCA1 protein expression in renal interstitium (except for renal tubules) with the relative area of foam cells,integration of tubulointerstitial lesion (TIL) and serum cholesterol were examined using t test and linear correlation analysis.Results In renal interstitium,monocyte-macrophages,foam cells and renal tubular epithelial cells expressed ABCA1 protein.ABCA1 protein expression in renal interstitium with foam cells infiltration was significantly higher as compared to that without foam cells infiltration (P＜ 0.05),but there was no correlation between ABCA1 expression and foam cells area (P＞0.05).In MPGN,FSGS,IMN patients,there was a positive correlation between ABCA1 protein expression in renal interstitium and integration of TIL (P＜0.05).There was a positive correlation between serum cholesterol level and ABCA1 protein expression in renal interstitium (P＜0.05).Conclusions In glomerulonephropathy,cholesterol may promote the ABCA1 expression in renal interstitium.ABCA1 may have double-effects on transportation of cholesterol.ABCA1 may take part in the process of tubulointerstitial lesion.

Purpose To observe the pathologic types of glomerular diseases which have high renal interstitial foam cells infiltration and to evaluate the relationship between infiltration of foam cells (FC) in renal interstitial tissue and pathologic parameters.Methods A total of 2 862 patients who had received renal biopsy were enrolled in this study. Patients with Alport syndrome (AS,n=5), membranous proliferative glomerular nephritis (MPGN,n=28), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS,n=144), idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN,n=132), IgA nephropathy (IgAN,n=893) were divided into two groups:FC+ group with foam cells and FC- group without foam cells.Results Infiltration of foam cells in renal interstitial tissue was commonly seen in AS.The frequency of interstitial foam cells was 46.43% in MPGN, 20.14% in FSGS, 13.64% in IMN, and 6.27% in IgAN. It was found that the segmental glomerular sclerosis and interstitial fibrosis were more severe in FC+ group than that in FC- group.Conclusions The renal interstitial foam cells are most common in patients with AS, but also seen in patients with MPGN, FSGS, IMN and IgAN. There might be a relationship between glomerular sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis and infiltration of foam cells. The present of foam cells in the renal interstitial tissue may contribute to the progression of renal diseases.

Objective To explore the effect of the gene silencing of phosphatidic acid-preferring phospholipase A1 (PA-PLA1) on insulin secretion in mouse insulin-secreting cell line MIN6. Methods The siRNA expression vector of mouse PA-PLA1 gene targeting was constructed using mouse PA-PLA1 mRNA sequence available in GenBank, and MIN6 cells were transfected with the vector. Fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western-blotwere applied to screen efficient RNAi-vector. After transfection with obtained efficient RNAi-vectors for 48 hours, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion experiments were conducted, and the changes of insulin secretion were examined. Results Four siRNA expression vectors of mouse PA-PLA1 gene targeting were confirmed to be successfully constructed by the analyses of enzyme cleavage and sequencing. The results of fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot analyses indicated that the siRNA expression vectorpGPU6-PA-PLA1-1885was the most effective RNAi-vector in the four vectors. The expression levels of the PA-PLA1 mRNA and protein of the MIN6 cells transfectedwith pGPU6-PA-PLA1-1885 decreased to 46.3% and 33.9% of that of the control, respectively, and meanwhile the insulin secretion levels of the cells decreased to 65.0% of that of the control (P < 0.05). Conclusion The gene silencing of phosphatidic acid-preferring phospholipase A1 might decrease insulin secretion in MIN6 cells.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the parameters of urodynamic tests for patients with type-III B prostatitis and evaluate the significance of the results of urodynamic tests in the choice of therapies for this disease.

METHODSUrodynamic tests were performed for 87 type-III B prostatitis patients aged 22-45 (30.7 ± 8.5) years, who had moderate or severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and failed to respond to routine therapy. Different treatments were administered according to the results of urodynamic tests followed by observation of the therapeutic effects.

RESULTSUrodynamic abnormalities were found in 70 of the 87 patients, bladder outlet obstruction in 28 (32.2%), detrusor overactivity in 25 (28.7%), bladder hyperesthesia in 18 (20.7%), low compliance in 10 (11.5%), detrusor-external urethral sphincter dyssynergia in 1 (1.1%), and impaired detrusor contractile function in 1 (1.1%). Treatments achieved obvious effectiveness in 26 cases (29.9%), effectiveness in 51 (58.6%), and no effectiveness in 10 (11.5%).

CONCLUSIONUrodynamic tests contribute significantly to the choice of therapies for type-III B prostatitis patients with moderate or severe LUTS.

Adult ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatitis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Urethra ; physiopathology ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; physiopathology ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; physiopathology ; Urodynamics

OBJECTIVETo explore the effective method of the prevention and treatment of procedural pain in dressing changes of burn wounds.

METHODSNinety patients of burn injury were randomized into 3 groups, 30 cases in each one. In the group A, fentanyl citrate injection was used at corresponding injury area, jiaogan (AH6a, sympathetic nerve), fei (CO14, lung), neifenmi (CO18, endocrine) on ear, 0.25 mL at each point. In the group B, fentanyl citrate injection was applied subcutaneously in the deltoid muscle, 1 mL. In the group C, 0.9% sodium chloride injection was applied subcutaneously in the deltoid muscle, 1 mL. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the analgesic effect before, during and 10 min after dressing change in the patients of the three groups separately.

RESULTSIt was not different in VAS score before dressing change among the three groups (P> 0.05). Compared with that before dressing change, the pain was not significant and VAS score was not different during and after dressing change in the patients of the group A (both P>0.05), but the score in the patients of the group B and C was different significantly (all P<0.05). The VAS score during and after dressing change in the group A was lower than that in the group B and C (all P<0.05), and the score in the group B was lower than that in the group C (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONFentanyl injection of small dose at auricular points achieves definite analgesic effect on procedural pain in dressing changes of burn wounds, superior to subcutaneous injection of fentanyl.

Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Burns ; complications ; therapy ; Female ; Fentanyl ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Pain Measurement ; Young Adult

CD36 Antigens ; metabolism ; Cell Aggregation ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Foam Cells ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Nephritis ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nephritis, Hereditary ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To identify the potential association of transcription factor 7-like 2(TCF7L2 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Uygur population of Xinjiang region .Methods In this case-control study ,819 ca-ses of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were recruited in case group and 731 healthy individuals were selected as control.5 mL of blood sample were collected from each subject .The polymorphism was examined by matrix-assis-ted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight ( MALDI-TOF) and the OR value (95%CI) was evaluated by Logistic Regression Method to analyze the relationship between susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus and different geno-types.Results In case group, the frequencies of TC, CC genotype and C allele at rs7901695 were higher than the corresponding frequencies in control group (P<0.05).The interaction between TCF7L2 and environment risk factors did not contribute to the occurrence of the type 2 diabetes mellitus .Conclusions The polymorphisms of rs7091695 in TCF7L2 but not rs7085532 in TCG7L2 may be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Uygur pop-ulation in Xinjiang region .

Objective To investigate the significance of 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 (25 (OH)D3) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by comparing the differences of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy people.Methods One hundred and forty-seven patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected as the T2DM group,and 135 healthy people were selected as the normal control (NC) group.The level of serum 25 (OH) D3 was detected by ELISA.Clinical data were recorded and biochemical indexes were also detected.Statistical analysis was performed.Results (1) Serum 25 (OH) D3 level in T2DM group was low,but there was no significant difference between two groups((23.10 ± 1.59) μg/L vs.(23.11 ± 1.65) μg/L; t =0.064,P =0.949),as well as between men and women in the 2 populations (T2DM men vs.women(23.22 ± 1.54) μg/L vs.(22.95 ± 1.65) μg/L; t =0.209,P ＞0.05; NC men vs women(23.03 ± 1.73) μg/L vs.(23.18 ± 1.59) μg/L; t =0.436,P ＞0.05) ; (2)The prevalence of vitamin D insufficient and deficiency in T2DM group was high,but it was not statistically significant between two groups (98.0％ vs.94.8 ％ and 2.0％ vs.5.2％ ; x2 =2.034,P =0.154) ; (3) Serum 25 (OH) D3 in T2DM group has a significant negative correlation with triglycerides (r =-0.218,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion (1) Vitamin D level was low in both the healthy and T2DM populations in the southern region of China,the prevalence of vitamin D insufficient and deficiency was up to 90％.(2)Triglyceride is the only independent risk factor to T2DM population.

It remains a common problem that the evaluation model of course learning for stu-dents is so simple in the higher education of China. Moreover, the teachers are usually used to evalu-ating student's course learning by summative appraisal and ignore process appraisal, so that the stu-dents are usually lack of learning enthusiasm for self study. Besides, the course learning evaluation of students generally lacks the uniform and detail standard in the country. To resolve these problems, a comprehensive evaluation model of course learning based on the principle of talent evaluation has been practiced and improved since 2007 in some basic medical courses at our university. This model is composed of four parts:the evaluation of mastering basic knowledge, the evaluation of the ability to resolve problems through applied knowledge, the evaluation of practical study and the evaluation of learning initiatives. The model has showed in the practice the characteristics of powerful operability, pluralistic evaluating indicators, combining summative appraisal and process one, reflecting objectively the mastering degree of expertise of students and promoting the self-study of students.