Evidence has indicated that low doses of anti-tumor regimens can induce cell apoptosis in vitro, although different regimens induce apoptosis by different mechanism and pathway. In recent years, new tumor treatment strategy has been mainly focused on inducing tumor cell apoptosis. The present review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of inducing tumor cell apoptosis. The benefit of inducing apoptosis is not to cause inflammatory reaction, but as its disadvantage, it inhibits immune responses, and the phagocytosis of apopotic bodies may result in horizontal transfer of genes (including oncogenes and other oncogenic materials), which can be one of the causes of tumor relapse. This paper proposes that the tumor treatment strategy should be turn into promoting tumor cell necrosis and inducing anti-tumor immune responses.
Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Humans ; Necrosis ; chemically induced ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; pathology

Soft-tissue deformation is one of the important research directions in virtual surgery. Mass-spring model and finite-element model are the two most important modeling technology of the soft tissue modeling. It is very important for the current soft-tissue deformation modelling to analysize, to summarize the main idea, the influence factors and the modeling route of the two kinds of modeling methods and then to give comprehensive review.
Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; User-Computer Interface

Objective To research the effect and safety of Reteplase for Injection combined with reduced glutathione in the treatment of acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.Methods Patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (90 cases) in Jianli People's Hospital from February 2015 to February 2016 were selected and divided equally into A,B and C groups according to different treatment methods.Totally 30 patients in group A were given conventional therapy,30 patients in group B were given reduced glutathione for treatment on the basis of conventional treatment,and the other 30 in group C were given combined therapy of reteplase and reduced glutathione on the basis of conventional treatment.The vascular recanalization rate,improvement of effective indicators including creatine kinase isoenzyme (CKMB),troponin Ⅰ (cTnⅠ),left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDd) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),oxidative stress kinase including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),and incidence of adverse events of patients were compared among the three groups.Results After thrombolysis,the vascular recanalization rate of group C at different time points (2 h,6 h and 12 h) showed significant difference compared with those of groups A and B (P ＜ 0.05).After the treatment,the effective indicators of the three groups were both significantly improved (P ＜ 0.05),and group C improved more significantly than groups A and B (P ＜ 0.05).After the treatment,the SOD and GSH-Px of groups B and C both significantly improved than group A (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference between groups B and C.After treatment,the incidence of adverse events of group C was significantly lower than those of groups A and B (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Reteplase for Injection combined with reduced glutathione has significant curative effect in the treatment of acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction,which can effectively improve the cardiac function and inhibition of oxidative stress.It is of higher security but with lower incidence of adverse events.

Animals ; Hydroxy Acids ; toxicity ; Lacquer ; toxicity ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

In this paper, miRNAs features were briefly introduced and agreeable points were discussed from 4 aspects: organs relationship, syndrome research, Chinese medical pathogeneses, and actions of Chinese herbs. miRNAs, as information media for organs interrelation, was believed to explain Chinese medical pathogeneses and reveal partial molecular mechanisms of Chinese medicine. miRNAs in the body fluid could be taken as one of biological bases of syndromes.
Biomedical Research ; China ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; trends ; MicroRNAs ; Syndrome

Relapse, which puzzled several generations of hematologists, is the bottle-neck of radical treatment for leukemias. The progress of Human Microbiome Project at the beginning of 21st century suggested that human body was a super-organism constituted by the core of human cells and symbiotic microorganisms. The elucidation and characterization of endogenous retrovirus and prion protein suggested the possible effects of co-evolutional microorganisms on human health. Recently, the elucidation of the roles of tunneling nanotubes in intercellular communication and transportation suggested a novel way for cellular communication and transport of oncogenic materials. The role and significance of in vivo cell fusion have been studied in more detail. On the other hand, donor cell leukemia was reported. All of these approaches provide novel insights for studying the mechanism of leukemia relapse. Based on previous work, the authors suggest the hypothesis: there are two possible mechanisms for the relapse of leukemias: the minimal residual disease (MRD) and intercellular transportation of oncogenic materials.
Cell Fusion ; Humans ; Leukemia ; pathology ; Neoplasm, Residual ; pathology ; Recurrence

As pioneer of tumor stem cell research, leukemia stem cell research has not only important theoretical significance, but also clinical application potential. The survival and development of stem cells are directly impacted by their microenvironment. The research on leukemia stem cells and their microenvironment are now becoming a hot topic. The author presumes that stem cells are a population with heterogenecity and hierarchy; any single cell from the population is difficult to form a clone; the interaction between the leukemia stem cell and its microenvironment can be described by the concept of leukemia stem cell niche. In this article, the leukemia cell population with heterogenecity and hierarchy as well as leukemia stem cell niche were summarized and discussed.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Leukemia ; genetics ; pathology ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Stem Cell Niche ; cytology ; Stromal Cells ; cytology ; immunology

Up to date, eight types of human herpes viruses have been identified, all of which are ubiquitous, and usually establish latent infection in the host after primary infection. Since most of the herpes viruses are maintained in an asymptomatic form, they are often neglected. However, under some circumstances, these herpes viruses can cause fatal or severe diseases. Furthermore, the association of herpes viruses with hematopoietic malignancies is attracting researchers' attention. With the extensive development of hematopoietic stem cell and organ transplantation, reports regarding transplantation failure and complication caused by infection of human herpes virus has been increasing. Cytokine storm was firstly suggested as the mechanism of graft-versus-host diseases. In recent years, which has also been applied in the pathogenesis research of inflammation, and is supposed to play an important role in severe virus infection. In this paper, through discussing the possible role of latent infection of human herpes virus in the failure or complication of bone marrow or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and in refractory leukemia, the function and significance of latent infection of human herpes virus and the cytokine storm it caused were investigated.
Cytokines ; immunology ; Hematopoietic System ; immunology ; virology ; Herpesviridae Infections ; Humans ; Virus Latency

A method for the simultaneous determination of 34 pesticides in sunflower oil, soybean oil and corn oil was developed. The samples were extracted and purified by a modified QuEChERS method, and then the supernatant was analyzed by on-line gel permeation chromatography-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GPC-GC-MS ) . The linear range was from 0 . 01 to 0 . 2 mg/L with a good correlation coefficients ( r≥0. 9913). The average recoveries of 31 pesticides (except p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDT. For detail, please reference to section 3 . 6 ) ranged from 70 . 3% to 115 . 4%, 69 . 5% to 112 . 6% and 70 . 2% to 116 . 1%spiked at 0. 05 μg/g and 0. 1 μg/g with the relative standard deviations (RSDs, n=6) less than 13. 3%, 13. 5% and 12. 1% in sunflower oil, soybean oil and corn oil samples, respectively. The LODs of this method ranged from 0. 0692 to 2. 28, 0. 0559 to 2. 01 and 0. 0584 to 2. 14μg/kg (S/N=3) in sunflower oil, soybean oil and corn oil samples respectively. The convenient operation and versatility of this method are suitable for the fast screening and detection of 34 pesticide residues in sunflower oil, soybean oil and corn oil.

BACKGROUND: At present, there is few reports about using middl ecerebral artery obstraction (MCAO) model to determine the repair course of cerebral infarction during functional training.OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of electro-stimulating therapy on promoting the rehabilitation of cerebral infarction and its mechanism.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Animal Center and Electron Microscope Laboratory of Zhongshan University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Animal Center of Zhongshan Medical College and Neurological Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhongshang University from January 2002 to December2004. A total of 200 healthy males SD rats, aged 3 months and weighing 90-110 g, were selected. According to the following criteria: SBP＞180mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), BWT score of MCAO models which were reproduced by RHRSP was 1, totally 180 RHRSP were admitted to the research and divided into electro-stimulating therapy group (n=90) and control group (n=90).METHODS: Electro-stimulating was given to four accupuncture points of the paralyzed limbs of rats. The electro-stimulating treatment was given about 30 minutes once a day. And a therapy course was 6 days, and between two therapy courses there was one-day break. At the end of 1st, 3rd,6th and 9th therapy courses, the brain of motor function and tissue in marginal zone of cerebral infarction were assayed as follow: [1] The beam walking test (BWT, 1 as severe disorder and 7 as normal). [2] Electron microscope. [3] Astrpcyte glial fibriliary acidic protein, neurofilament protein and microtubule-associated protein-2 were assayed with immunohistochemistry. Five fields of each slice in the two groups were randomly selected to add up the positive cell number. Totally 30 positive cells of glial fibriliary acidic protein was selected to assay average absorbency (A) of positive cellular plasm. [4] Apoptosis of neurons were observed with in situ end-labeling (ISEL). [5] Brain-micro vasodilatatio was observed according to the criteria of one complete microvessel account under the field.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: [1] Scores of motor function; [2] Ultramicrostructure of cranial neurons and astrocyte; [3] Cranial glial fibriliary acidic protein, neurofilament protein and microtubule-associated protein-2;[4] Apoptosis of neurons; [5] Diastole of cerebral microvessel.RESULTS: Totally 180 rats were eligible while 20 rats were excluded because of their BWT score＞1 after MCAO operation. [1] Results of beam walking test (BWT): Functional recovery of paralysis limbs in electric stimulation group was better than that in control group from the third to the ninth course. In the ninth course, 6 points of rats in electric stimulation group was more than that in control group (42, 46, χ2=15.4, P ＜ 0.01). [2]Positive absorbency of cerebral glial fibriliary acidic protein: That in electric stimulation group was higher than that in control group in the 3rd, 6th,and 9th [(52.97±0.59)% vs (46.40±0.56)%; (49.44±0.80)% vs (46.40±0.56)%;(43.25±0.48)% vs (34.20±0.50)%, P ＜ 0.05]. [3] Assay of neurofilament protein: That in electric stimulation group was higher than that in control group in the 6th and 9th course [(22.9±2.7)% vs (11.9±2.3)%; (26.5±1.7)%vs (11.7±1.5)%, P ＜ 0.05]. [4] Assay of microtubule-associated protein-2:That in electric stimulation group was higher than that in control group in the 6th and 9th course [(21.7±1.3)% vs (11.3±1.1)%; (24.4±2.1)% vs(11.9±2.3)%, P ＜ 0.05]. [5] Apoptosis of neurons: There was not significantly different between the two groups. [6] Results of open number of cerebral microvessel: That in electric stimulation group was higher than that in control group in the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 9th course (33 vs 19; 48 vs 31;45 vs 25; 46 vs 23, Z=-2.309, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Electro-stimulating treatment can promote motor function of paralyzed limbs, which was due to that electro-stimulating treatment may promote extinction of the swollen feet of astrocytes, reinforce neurons activity and arouse the dilatation of cerebral capillary which promote the microvascular dilatation in order to improve cerebral blood circulation.