Objective: To observe the changes of heart rate and the contents of angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) in blood plasma in ventricular tachycardia(VT) rats with electro-acupuncture(EA) on ‘daling’(PC7). Methods: 40 SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, treatment and control groups with 10 cases in each. VT model was duplicated by inject CsCl in femoral vein. To observe the rats’ electrocardiogram (ECG) and record their heart rates. EA was applied to‘daling’ (PC7) on treatment group and applied to‘Taiyuan’ (LU9) on control group for 5 minutes. Then, we detected the contents of AngⅡ in the rats’blood plasma respectively. Results: The heart rate and contents of AngⅡin rat increased obviously in model group were (547?30) time/min and (353.21?49.12)pg/mL). They restored to the normal state after EA ‘daling’ (PC7) are(474?25)time/min and(268.44?47.49)pg/ mL.But the effect was not obvious in ‘Taiyuan’ (LU9). Conclusion VT rat heart can be prompted to restore to the normal state after EA ‘daling’(PC7); AngⅡ played an important role in VT.

ATM: To define the causes of corneal endothelial cell damage, to investigate the preventive methods, and to observe the variety of corneal endothelial cell in glaucoma using confocal microscope.
METHODS: Totally, 143 eyes of 97 patients with different types of glaucoma, and matched normal people were 20 cases, all 40 eyes. The cell density, cell area and cell variable coefficient were measured used confocal microscope. These indicatives of every kind of glaucoma were compared.
RESULTS: The corneal endothelial cell density of normal group was 2 893. 88±255. 026/mm2 , the group of acute angle-closure glaucoma ( AACG ) was 1 674. 11±683.95/mm2 , and the group of open angle glaucoma (OAG) was 2687. 22±391. 87/mm2, the group of chronic angle-closure glaucoma (CACG) was 2706. 97±351. 27/mm2. In all index the average cell density of corneal endothelial and the average area have statistical significance ( F =62.950, 8. 795;P=0. 000), especially the group of AACG.CONCLUSION: The index of corneal endothelial cell in AACG is lower than that of normal. All index in OAG and CACG is difference with that of normal, but the difference has no statistical significance. And the dominant factor of damaged corneal endothelial is the time of intraocular hypertension.

Objective To investigate the effect of neutral amino acid on preventing Parkinson disease.Methods Mice were injected with L-Valine,L-Pheylalanine,D-Valine or L-Lysine before or after paraquat administration,by which prakinsonian mouse model was constructed.The paraquat immunoreactivity was observed within nigral cell bodies.Then neurodegeneration and ?-synuclein aggregation were observed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Paraquat immunoreactivity was abolished by the administration of L-Valine,L-Pheylalanine before paraquat exposure.Pre-treatment with these two amino acids also protected the paraquat-induced loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic cells and formation of thioflavine S-positive aggregates.In contrast, paraquat-induced toxicity was unaffected if animals were injected with these two amino acids after paraquat exposure or pre-treated with D-Valine or L-Lysine.Conclusions L-type neutral amino acids such as L Valine and L-Pheylalanine can prevent paraquat-induced neurodegeneration and a synuclein pathology through a competitive inhibition mechanism with stereospecificity in the central nervous system (CNS).Neutral amino acid could protect the dopaminergic neuron in substantia nigra and may prevent Parkinson disease.

Objective To probe the indication of biliary tract reconstruction without T-tube in orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods We put forward indications of biliary tract reconstruction without T-tube in orthotopic liver transplantation since January 2004 and there were 102 patients who underwent liver transplantation in our hospital without a T-tube in place after biliary tract reconstruction.The incidence of biliary tract complication was observed in these patients.Results All patients were followed up for more than 6 months.The incidence of biliary tract complication was 4.9 percent(5/102)in this group with 3 patients of intrahepatic difluse bile duct stenosis necessitating liver re-transplantation.The other 2 patients with common hepatic duct nonanastomotic stenosis were healed by ERCP plus stent placement.Conclusions Biliary tract reconstruction without T-tube placement helps to decrease the incidence of biliary tract complications resulting from the T-tube removal.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of circadian distribution of acute myocardial infarction with AMI location and ST segment changes in elderly patients.MethodsThe time of infarction, its anatomic location, changes of ST segment, and coronary angiography were studied in 909 elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) ( 412 with anterior AMI and 423 with inferior AMI) admitted to our coronary care units from January 1996 to January 2006.ResultsThe onset of inferior myocardial infarction were more frequent between midnight and 6AM than other periods of the day (n=138/423,32.6% of all inferior myocardial infarction patients, P<0.01). The onset of anterior myocardial infarction were more frequent between 6AM and noon than other periods of the day (n=156/412, 37.9% of all anterior myocardial infarction patients, P<0.01). Coronary angiography was performed in 789 patients (86.8%, 516/909).118 cases of them with inferior infarction occured between midnight and 6AM, including 85.6% of them were due to right coronary artery occlusion and 14.0%(17/118) of them were due to left coronary artery occlusion (P<0.01).275 cases of them with inferior infarction oecured between 6AM and midnight, including 52.2% (149/275) of them were due to right coronary artery occlusion and 45.8% of them were due to left coronary artery occlusion (P>0. 05). The onset of inferior myocardial infarction between 6AM and noon was the most frenquent in patients with ST segment elevation (44.0%, 263/644), while the onset of inferior myocardial infarction between midnight and 6 AM was the most frenquent in patients with non-ST segment elevation (36.6%,96/265). ConclusionsThe frequency of AMI at night is higher in elderly patients with ST segment elevation than in elderly patients with non-ST segment elevation.AMI at night is usually due to right coronary artery occlusion, which suggests that a protective role of sleep may be limited to left coronary artery -related events and AMI of non-ST segment.

Objective To explore the expressions of apoptosis gene Bcl-2 (B-cell leukemia-2) and Bad (bcl-xl/bcl-2-associated death promoter) in lung tissue of mice with acute lung injury (ALI). Method Twenty-four BALB/C female mice were randomly divided into control saline group (n = 6) and ALI group (n = 18). The ALI Group was further divided into 3 subgroups with 6 mice in each subgroup: ALI (4 h) ,ALI (6h) ,and ALI (8h) subgroups. Rats in the normal control group received injection of saline. The ALI models were produced by in-jection of oleic acid (0.9 mL/kg) via vena caudalis, and the criteria were met with the characteristically pathologi-cal changes in the lung tissue. Pathological changes of the lung tissue were examined and scored under light mi-croscopy 4 h,6 h and 8 hours after injury. The expressions of gene Bcl-2 and gene Bad were detected in lung tissue at above set intervals by using RT-PCR. Data of these assays were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA with SPSS version 13.0 software. Statistical significance was established at a P value of less than 0.05. Results The rela-tive magnitude of Bel-2 expression in ALI (4 h), ALI (6 h) and ALI (8 h) subgroups were significantly higher (58.00±5.31), (42.00±4.30), (32.51±10.40) as compared with the control group (24.30±1.00) (F =68.581, P < 0.05). The relative magnitude of Bad expressions in ALI (4 h), ALI(6 h) and ALI (8 h) sub-groups were signiticantly higher (29.32±1.19), (58.64±4.45), (95.12±4.34)as compared with control group (4.01±0.34) (F = 386.902,P < 0.05). The pathological scores ofhmg injury in ALI(4h), ALI (6 h) and ALI (8 h) subgroups were significantly higher (1.82±0.14), (2.52±0.25), (3.45±0.29) as compared with control group (0.27±0.03) (F = 260. 512, P <0.05). Comparisons between groups showed statistical signifi-cances (P < 0.05). Conclusions The aggravation of lung injury induced by oleic acid in mice related to the down-regulation of apoptosis gene Bcl-2 expression and up-regulating apoptosis gene Bad expression in lung tissue.

ObjectiveTo determine the risk factors and the optimal management of hepatic artery complications (HAC) after orthotopic liver transplantation.MethodsThe clinical data of 180 orthotopic liver transplantation patients performed between January 2005 and September 2007 was reviewed.The incidence of HAC between primary liver carcinoma and benign diseases of liver was compared.ResultsTwelve (6.7％) episodes of HAC were identified.3 were hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) and 9 were hepatic artery stenosis (HAS).The incidence of HAC in patients with primary liver carcinoma (6/39) was higher than benign disease (6/141)(P＜0.05).ConclusionsThe keys to management of HAC after orthotopic liver transplantation are to diagnose the complication in time and to select the proper treatment based on the type of HAC.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of laparoscopic cystogastrostomy for retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts.Methods Five patients suffering from retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts caused by severe acute biliary pancreatitis received conservative management for 2 ～ 6 months,and the sizes of pseudocysts were 8,10,12,14,15 cm.All the 5 patients received laparoscopic cystogastrostomy,and 4 ports methods was applied,through anterior gastric wall,the posterior gastric wall and pancreatic pseudocysts were incised by using harmonic scalpel,then cystogastrostomy was performed to drain the pseudocysts.Results Laparoscopic cystogastrostomy for retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts was successful in all patients,theoperation time was 90,105,115,120,150 minutes.The blood loss was 100,150,150,200,300 ml.No intra-gastric bleeding occurred.After 1 month follow-up,all the pseudocysts disappeared,and there was no acute pancreatitis and local infection recurrence.Gastric leakage occurred 7 d after operation in one patient,and was healed after one month of conservative management.Conclusions Laparoscopic cystogastrostomy through gastric cavity for retrogastric pancreatic pseudocysts is simple and effective,mini-invasive,and it can be an alternative therapeutic method for pancreatic pseudocysts.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of ex-vivo liver resection combined liver autotransplantation for patients with massive primary liver cancer who underwent complex liver resection.Methods The clinical data of 4 patients suffering from massive primary liver cancer who were admitted to the Beijing Chaoyang Hospital from January 2008 to May 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.Regular liver resection could not be carried out because the first,second and third hepatic hilum of the 4 patients were invaded by the tumors,so ex-vivo liver resection combined liver autotransplantation were performed.ResultsThe operation was successfully carried out for the 4 patients.The operation time,the duration of anhepatic phase and the volume of operative blood loss were 690-840 minutes,250-300 minutes and 400-1400 ml,respectively.Portacaval bypass operation was not performed.After ex-vivo liver resection,the inferior vena eava or hepatic vein and portal vein of the 4patients were repaired,and the allogenous blood vessels were kept to extend the superior vena cava of the remnant liver so as to facilitate the anastomosis of blood vessels and reconstruction of the first hepatic hilum. After operation,the hepatic function of 1 patient was back to normal; 1 patient who stfffered from abdominal hemorrhage received reoperation for hemostasia; 1 patient was found with hepatic dysfunction; 1 patient died of hepatorenal dysfunction at postoperative day 5.Compensatory hypertrophy was observed in the 3 patients who survived at postoperative months 1-2.Of the 3 patients,2 were found with multiple pulmonary metastases at postoperative months 8 and 9,and they died at postoperative mouths 13 and 15.Until April 2012,1 patient survived for 37 months with no tumor recurrence or metastasis. ConclusionsEx-vivo liver resection combined liver autotransplantation provides the technical feasibility for performing complex liver resection for patients. The incomplete compensation of liver function and the short-term recurrence of tumors after operation are still the main issues which hinder the development of this technique.

Objective To investigate the impact of prior cerebral infarction (PCI) on in-hospital mortality in patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI).MethodsA retrospective analysis of documents of a total of 3572 consecutive patients with AMI admitted to Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from 2002 Jan.1 to 2009 Dec.31 were performed.Results There were 564 patients ( 15.8% )with PCI.Compared with the group of without PC1,the group with PCI were substantially older[(69.4 ±9.9) vs (64.2 ± 12.9)years,P =0.000],and had a higher prevalence of hypertensive disease,diabetes mellitus,prior myocardial infarction (MI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)( respectively,71.0% vs 57.3%; 41.0% vs 25.7%,12.9% vs 9.5%; 14.9% vs 10.7%,P ＜ 0.01 ),and a higher in-hospital mortality ( 16.5% vs 10.0%,P= 0.000).Univariate analysis demonstrated that in-hospital mortality associated with age,gender,extensive anterior MI,anterior MI,diabetes mellitus,prior cerebral infarction,prior myocardial infarction,coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention.Logistic regression analysis found that risk factors were age,extensive anterior MI,anterior MI,diabetes mellitus and prior cerebral infarction,and protective factors were coronary angiography and percutanous coronary intervention.PCI was independently associated with in-hospital mortality,OR 1.368,95% CI 1.047-1.787,P = 0.022.Conclusion In patients with acute myocardial infarction,the presence of PCI increases the risk of worse in-hospital outcome.