Objective To explore the relationship between serum osteocalcin levels and glucolipid metabolism in elderly type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods Data collected from 97 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)admitted to the Department of Geriatric Endocrinology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2014 to April 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into the T2DM group(type 2 diabetic patients without NAFLD,n＝ 47)and the NAFLD group(T2DM patients with NAFLD,N ＝ 50).Healthy elderly subjects (n ＝ 30)from the same period served as the control group.Body mass index(BMl),osteocalcin,fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,homeostasis model assessment for insulin secretion index (HOMA-β) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),total cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL C)were compared between the 3 groups.Results Levels of fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,HbAlc,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C and HOMA IR were higher,while levels of HDL-C,HOMA-β and osteocalcin were lower in the T2DM and NAFLD groups than in the control group(all P＜＜0.05).Levels of BMI,fasting glucose,fasting insulin,HbAlc,total cholesterol,triglyceride,LDL-C and HOMA-IR were higher and levels of osteocalcin were lower in the T2DM group than in the NAFLD group(all P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the osteocalcin level was negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose,HbA1C,HOMA IR and BMI(r＝-0.701,0.442,-0.337 and 0.543,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and positively correlated with HOMA-β (r ＝ 0.341,P ＜ 0.05) in the NAFLD group.With serum osteocalcin as the dependent variable,multiple linear regression results showed that fasting blood glucose was an independent influencing factor for serum osteocalcin(β＝-1.57,P＜0.05)in the fatty liver group.Conclusions Serum osteocalcin levels significantly decrease in elderly T2DM patients with NAFLD,are closely correlated with glucolipid metabolism,and may have some important clinical significance in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of adenovirus-mediated VEGF-siRNA on transplanted osteo- sarcoma in nude mice.Methods: VEGF-siRNA gene was cloned into the genome of replication-deficient adenovirus to construct Ad-VEGF-siRNA;the latter was then used to infect osteosarcoma MG63 cell line in vitro;and the expression of VEGF gene was detected by RT-PCR.Osteosarcoma transplantation model was established in nude mice;VEGF expression in tumor tissue was analyzed and the inhibitory effect on tumor growth and lung metastasis were also observed.Results: The recombinant adenovirus vector Ad-VEGF-siRNA was successfully constructed.In vivo and in vitro experiment both showed that Ad-VEGF-siRNA significantly downregulated VEGF expression in MG63 cells and transplanted tumor tissue. It was found that Ad-VEGF-siRNA significantly inhibited transplanted osteosarcoma growth(P

Objective To induce mouse embryonic stem(ES)cells to differentiate into insulin-secreting cells by means of a 5-step model system.Methods E14.1 mouse ES cells were cultured in the presence of leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF)for 2 days(step 1),then the cells were cultured in hanging drops to form embryonic bodies(EBs)and the resulting EBs were cultured in suspension for 6 days in the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor bFGF(step 2).Subsequently the EBs were cultured in the medium containing glucagon- like peptide 1(GLP-1),hepatocyte growth factor(HGF),nerve growth factor(NGF)and nicotinamide for 10 days(step 3).After that,the EBs were dissociated into single cells,and the cells were cultured in monolayer in the presence of GLP-1,betacellulin,activin A,bFGF and nicotinamide for 10 days(step 4).Finally,the cells were cultured in low-glucose medium containing nicotinamide for 4 days(step 5).Insulin and some other islet- related genes expressions were investigated using RT-PCR and insulin expression was also investigated by DTZ- staining and immunohistochemistry.The percentage of insulin-secreting cells was evaluated by flowcytometry and insulin concentrations were measured by RIA.Results mRNA expression of insulin became visible at step 3 and more evident at step 5.Additionally,at step 5,mRNAs of glucagon,somatostatin,pancreatic polypeptide(PP), pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1(PDX-1),beta-cell E box transactivator 2(Beta2)and neurogenin 3(Ngn3) were detected.DTZ-staining positive cells and insulin immunohistochemical staining positive cells were observed. The percentage of insulin-positive cells was(24.0?2.5)%(n=6).In the presence of 5.6 mmol/L and 25 mmol/L glucose,insulin concentrations were(0.05?0.01)?g/L and(0.13?0.02)?g/L respectively(n= 6).Conclusion E14.1 mouse ES cells can be induced to differentiate into insulin-secreting cells by the 5-step model system.Insulin-secreting cells can release insulin into culture medium when treated with glucose,and insulin concentrations increase with rising concentration of glucose.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of removal of the adventitia on vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction of the carotid artery in New Zealand rabbit. Adventitia of carotid artery was removed mechanically. The histology, morphology and reactivity of the carotid artery was observed by immunohistochemistry and measurement of carotid ring tension immediately, 1 week and 2 weeks after removal of the adventitia. No damage of intima and media was observed after removing the adventitia. Removal of the adventitia caused a remarkable proliferation of the vascular media and formed the neointima. Compared with the control ring, norepinephrine (NE)-induced vasocontraction in adventitia-denuded carotid artery was significantly reduced immediately and 1 week after the operation (P<0.05). Adventitia removal promoted the neointima formation and decreased vasoconstriction of the carotid artery, indicating that the adventitia is involved in the regulation of vascular remodeling and vasoconstriction.
Animals ; Carotid Arteries ; pathology ; physiology ; surgery ; Connective Tissue ; physiology ; surgery ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; pathology ; Rabbits ; Tunica Intima ; pathology ; Vasoconstriction ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the antidepressant components of Polygala tenuifolia.

METHODThe chromatographic method was used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents, their structures were identified by spectral analysis, MTT method was applied to investigate their cytotoxic activities.

RESULTNine compounds were isolated from the roots of P. tenuifolia. Their structures were identified as sibiricose A, (1), sibiricose A5 (2), tenuifoliside A (3) and 3', 6-disinapoyl sucrose (4), sibiricose A6 (5), 3, 4, 5-trimethoxycinnamate (6), polygalaxanthone III (7), tenuifolioses A (8), tenuifolioses H (9) and some compounds' activities to PC12 were observed.

CONCLUSIONCompound 1 was isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 2,3 could protect PC12 cells damage induced by P. tenuifolia.

Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Esters ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Mice ; PC12 Cells ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polygala ; chemistry ; Rats ; Sucrose ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the technique of repeated operation for removement of polyacrylamide hydrogel from breast.

METHODS17 cases after uncomplete removement of PHG were reoperated through inferior periareolar incision. The PHG and affected denatured muscle and gland tissue were removed.

RESULTSPreoperative MRI or CT showed PHG distributed diffusely in muscle and gland. There was only minimal residual PHG after operation. Histological examination showed PHG distributed in the denatured and proliferative fibrous tissue, including giant cells, many neutrophilic cells infiltration, and foreign body granuloma. The symptoms, such as intramammary pump or nodule, chest and back pain, infection, were relieved after operation.

CONCLUSIONSBlinded suction technique can not remove PHG completely and can also result in malposition of PHG and make the tissue denaturation worse. We suggest open approach to remove the PHG and denatured tissue completely through periareolar incision.

Acrylic Resins ; Adult ; Breast Implants ; Device Removal ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Mammaplasty ; instrumentation ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of bridged free latissimus dorsi musculo-cutaneous flap on repairing of soft tissue defect in the lower extremity.

METHODSSeven patients with extensive soft tissue defects in the lower extremities were enrolled in the clinical investigation. The defects were all repaired with bridged free latissimus dorsi musculo-cutaneous flaps. The condition of the blood vessels in the flaps and the healthy extremities was examined with ultrasound Doppler before the operation to assure the blood circulation of grafted flap. After debridement, the flap was designed in accordance with the size and the depth of the wound. Then the transplantation of the flaps were done. The operative indication and points for attention were summarized thereafter.

RESULTSAll the 7 flaps survived. All patients recovered well with satisfactory function and external appearance, except flap reduction was done in 2 patients due to undue thickness of the flaps. Indications for operation: (1) Patients with anterior or posterior tibial artery injury in the injured lower extremity in which arterial transplantation was not possible to allow the free transplantation of a skin flap. (2) The injury was extensive and deep, with the injurious condition of the blood vessels indeterminable and no healthy artery could be found for anastomosis with a donor artery. (3) No vascular injury could be identified in the contralateral healthy extremity. Points for attention included that the blood supply of the flap to be transferred should be adequate, and the survival of the flap after division of the pedicle should be assured. The length of the flap to be transferred should be longer by 10% than the distance between the site of transplantation in the lower extremities and the donor area; and the donor area should be larger by 20% than the recipient area. The skin area of the flap to be transferred should be broad enough avoid tension so that there would be no pressure on the blood vessels. Pay attention to the blood supply of the flap after operation, and the recipient limb should be properly immobilized.

CONCLUSIONThe repair of extensive soft tissue defect in the lower extremity with bridged free latissimus dorsi musculo-cutaneous flap could be satisfactory. Proper wound management, broad flap, stable immobilization were the pivotal points for the success of the operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Back ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Leg Injuries ; surgery ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Skeletal ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; surgery ; Surgical Flaps ; Tissue Transplantation

A growing body of evidence suggests that p300 histone acetyltransferase plays important roles in cancer cell differentiation and proliferation. Here, we employed structure-based hierarchical virtual screening method to identify novel lead compounds of p300 histone acetyltransferase. From a screening library containing approximate 100 000 diverse druglike compounds, 33 compounds were chosen for experimental testing and one compound, 4-acetyl-2-methyl-N-morpholino-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1, 4]thiazine-7-sulfonamide (17), showed as micromolar inhibitor. Based on its predicted binding pose, we investigated its binding characteristics by designing two series of structural modifications. The obtained structure-activity relationship results are consistent with the predicted binding model. We expect that the identified novel p300 histone acetyltransferase inhibitors will serve as starting points for further development of more potent and specific histone acetyltransferase inhibitors.
Drug Design ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Morpholines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Sulfonamides ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; p300-CBP Transcription Factors ; antagonists & inhibitors ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the gastric emptying function in patients with typeⅡdiabetic gastroparesis. Methods The gastric half-emptying time of liquid meals was measured by B-mode ultrasonography in 20 diabetic patients and 22 healthy subjects. Eleven diabetic patients with gastroparesis received cisapride at an oral single daily dose of 30 mg/d and were reexamined at the end of 4-week treatment course. Results The gastric half emptying time was (14.80±4.35) min in normal subjects and (28.00±8.94) min in diabetic patients. Significantly delayed gastric emptying was found in diabetic patients. The gastric half-emptying time was decreased from (33.64±5.05) min to (20.91±5.39) min (P<0.01) in 11 patients after cispride therapy. Conclusion The gastroparesis is common in patients with typeⅡ diabetes and cisapride has favorable effect on diabetic gastroparesis.

Objective The aim of this study was to observe the coexistence of periodontal bacteria DNA(Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum,Porphyromonas gingivalis,Prevotella intermedia,Tannerella forsythensis)in coronary atheromatous plaques and subgingival plaques in patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft.Methods Coronary atheromatous plaque and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from 51 patients and examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)technique with specific primers for periodontal bacteria.Results P.gingivalis(33%),T.forsythensis(31%),P.intermedia(18%) and F.nucleatum (12%) were detected while A.aetinomycetemcomitans was negative and not found in coronary atheromatous plaques;T.forsythensis (84%),F.nucleatum(78%),P.intermedia(59%),P.gingivalis(39%) and A.actinomycetemcomitans (22%) were detected in subgingival plaque samples.Coexistence of periodontal bacteria DNA in coronary atheromatous and subgingival plaque samples was evidenced in 32 patients.Conclusions The coexistence of T.forsythensis,F.nucleatum,P.intermedia,P.gingivalis in coronary atheromatous plaques and the subgingival plaque samples in CAD patients could suggest a potential role for periodontal pathogenic bacteria in atherosclerosis disease process.