High mobility group box 1 protein（HMGB1）gene is located on chromosome 13q12 and is widely expressed in various tissues and cells.The encoded non-histone chromosome binding protein regulates transcription and participates in DNA repair.It plays an important role in processes such as inflammation，cell differentiation and tumor cell migration，and has become a valuable biomarker in a variety of diseases. In recent years，more and more studies have found that this gene is closely related to various diseases in children，such as respiratory diseases，digestive diseases，autoimmune diseases，cardiovascular diseases and so on.This article reviews the research progress of HMGB1 gene in children ' s diseases.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of heart valve calcification (HVC) on cardiovascular outcomes in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).

METHODSWe enrolled 302 Chinese patients on MHD between 2009 and 2011 including 99 with HVC identified by echocardiography screening. All the patients were followed up for 2 years and survival analysis was performed with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and new onset cardiovascular events as the endpoints. Cox regression analysis was used for analyzing the impact of heart valve calcification on the cardiovascular outcomes of the patients.

RESULTSThe mean age of the total patients was 58.2∓15.0 years when receiving the initial MHD, and 53.6% were male patients. The overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality and new on-set cardiovascular events in HVC and non-HVC groups were 30.3% vs 16.3%, 22.2% vs 6.9%, and 48.5% vs 25.6%, respectively (P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a significant difference in all-cause mortality (P=0.006), cardiovascular mortality (P<0.001) and new-onset cardiovascular events (P<0.001) between HVC and non-HVC groups. After adjustment, Cox regression analysis identified HVC as a risk factor for increased all-cause mortality (HR=1.88; 95%CI: 1.11-3.19), cardiovascular mortality (HR=3.47, 95%CI: 1.76-6.84) and cardiovascular events (HR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.09-2.47).

CONCLUSIONSHVC is an independent risk factor for increased cardiovascular mortality and new cardiovascular events in patients on MHD.

Adult ; Aged ; Calcinosis ; pathology ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Heart Valve Diseases ; mortality ; pathology ; Heart Valves ; pathology ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Dialysis ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of arsenic disulfide (AS METHODS: The human DLBCL cell OCI-LY3 was treated with different concentrations of AS RESULTS: The DLBCL cell viability was decreased significantly at 24, 48 or 72 h as cultured with itraconazole. Along with the increasing of itraconazole concentration, the DLBCL cell viability was significantly reduced as compared with that in control group, and the results showed statistically significant(r=-0.690，r=-0.639, r=-0.833, r=-0.808, r=-0.578). The inhibitory and apoptosis rates of the cells were significantly increased as compared with those of the single drug-treated group after treated by the combination of itraconazole and AS CONCLUSION Itraconazole can inhibit proliferation of DLBCL cells in a concentration-and time-dependent manner. In addition, the combination of AS
Apoptosis ; Arsenicals ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Humans ; Itraconazole/pharmacology* ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy* ; Sulfides

OBJECTIVE: To establish the aGVHD mouse model，and investigate the regulatory effect and its mechanism of low-dose GSI combined with BMSC on aGVHD mice. METHODS: C57BL/6 (H-2b) and BALB/c (H-2d) were selected as donor and recipient of allogeneic transplantation to establish the aGVHD mouse model. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, which were the bone marrow cell infusion after irradiation (BM) group; the bone marrow cells + spleen cells after irradiation (BM+SC) group; the bone marrow cells + spleen cells + DMSO (BM+SC+DMSO) (transplant control) group; bone marrow cells + splenocytes +GSI after irradiation (BM+SC+GSI) group; bone marrow cells + spleen cells + bone marrow mesenchymal stromal infusion after irradiation cell (BM+SC+BMSC) group; bone marrow cells + spleen cells + bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells +GSI infused after irradiation (BM+SC+BMSC+GSI) group. The mice in the two groups containing GSI were intraperitoneally injected with GSI at 5 μmol/kg on day 1, 2, and 3 after transplantation with DMSO as a control. The general conditions, survival time and hematopoietic recovery of mice were observed, cytokines were detected by ELISA, and histopathological changes were detected by immunohistochemistry. The effects of low-dose GSI combined with BMSC on hematopoietic reconstruction and aGVHD development after allo-BMT were investigated. RESULTS: The survival rate of the mice in BM+SC+BMSC+GSI combination group was 80% during the observation period, which was significantly higher than that in the other groups; the incidence of aGVHD was reduced in the BMSC GSI or their combination groups after 21 days of transplantation. GSI could partly promote the recovery of leukocytes, and show no significant delayed effect on the recovery platelets. Moreover, the level of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ) in BM+SC+BMSC+GSI combined group was lower than that in BM+SC+GSI group (P<0.01), the level of Th2 cytokines (IL-4) in the combination group was higher than that in BM+SC+GSI group (P<0.01), also the level of IL-17 was significantly lower than that in the corresponding control group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Low dose GSI combined with BMSC can promote hematopoietic reconstruction and regulate cytokines secretion including IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17. GSI combined with BMSC achieve the goal of synergistically inhibiting the occurrence and progression of aGVHD.
Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ; Animals ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL