ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)of complement factor H (CFH) gene and exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) susceptibility.MethodsThis is a retrospective case control study. 136 exudative AMD patients (AMD group) and 140age and sex-matched normal subjects (control group) were enrolled in this study. The peripheral blood was collected,polymorphism genotypes and frequency of CFH Y402H(rs1061170),CFH-257C ＞ T (rs3753394) and CFH IVS15 (rs1329428)were measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and allelespecific restriction endonuclease digestion. The SHEsis software was performed on haplotype construction to analyze the frequency.ResultsThere are TT, TC, CC genotypes and T, C allele in CFH Y402H (rs1061170); CC, CT, TT genotypes and C, T allele in CFH-257C＞T (rs3753394); AA, AG, GG genotypes and A, G allele in CFH IVS15 (rs1329428). The differences of genotypes and allele frequency between 2 groups were statistically significant (P＜0. 05). The TC genotype in CFH Y402H, TT genotype in CFH-257C＞T (rs3753394) and GG genotype in CFH IVS15 (rs1329428) were associated with exudative AMD susceptibility (OR=4. 11,2. 55,3.11;P＜0.05). The T, C and G allele were the risk alleles (OR=3.14,1.72,1.79;P＜0. 05). The differences of frequency between TCG, CTG and CTA haplotype were statistically significant(X2 =10.53,6.60, 32.82;P＜0.05). ConclusionThere is correlation between SNPs of CFH gene and exudative AMD susceptibility.

Objective:To learn the effect of personality in the course of cognitive decline.Methods:106 aged people from two districts were selected randomly.Arithmetic,digit span,picture filling,block patterns,digit symbol,visual attention span,spatial reasoning were used to learn the cognitive ability,“Kartaier's 16 personality factors test”were used to explore the personality of aged people.Results:16 personality factors test shows that old people are more deferential and self-assured.The relation between reasoning and arithmetic,rule-consciousness and arithmetic,abstractedness and digit span,reasoning and block design,dominance and digit symbol,sensitivity and special reasoning,apprehension and visual attention span,openness to change and visual attention span reach the statistical significance.Conclusion:Age is the most important reason to the cognitive impairment in aged people, education can prevent the cognitive impairment in a large degree.Personality can affect the cognitive ability although different personality factor affect different cognitive fields.

Objective To explore the influence factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) in different gestational age preterm infants.Methods The medical records of 118 premature infants who were diagnosed as BPD at West China Second Hospital,Sichuan University from January 1,2011 to December 31,2015 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the gestational age,the premature infants were divided into extremely-early-premature infants group (＜ 28 weeks),very-early-premature infants group (28-31 weeks) and late-premature infants group (32-36 weeks).The differences in pregnancy complications,the use of glucocorticoids before delivery,gender,mode of production,medication for preterm infants with different gestational age preterm infants were analyzed.Results One hundred and eighteen preterm infants included 18 extremely-early-premature infants,82 very-early-premature infants,and 18 late-preterm infants;71 baby boys and 47 baby girls,with birth weight ≤1 000 g in 27 cases,1 000-1 500 g in 70 cases,1 500-2 000 g in 15 cases,and ＞2 000 g in 6 cases.There was a statistically significant difference as for the full use of continuous positive airway pressure between the extremely-early-premature infants group (9 cases) and the late-preterm infants group(2 cases) (x2 =6.415,P =0.011).The late-preterm infants group whose mothers experienced preeclampsia were more seriously affect than extremely-early premature infants group (x2 =4.018,P =0.045) and very-early-premature infants group (x2 =4.878,P =0.027),and there was no statistically significant difference between extremely-early-premature infants group and very-early-premature infants group (x2 =0.279,P =0.597).A significantly increased total oxygen duration was observed in extremely-early-premature infants group [(56.56 ± 29.58) d] compared with very-early-premature infants group[(43.15 ± 14.86) d] and late-preterm-infants group [(37.75 ± 16.87) d] (F =8.185,P =0.000) with statistically significant difference.A significantly increased hospitalization time was observed in extremely-early-premature infants group [(56.56 ± 29.58) d] com-pared with very early premature infants group [(46.23 ± 14.04) d] and late-preterm-infants group [(39.06 ± 29.81) d] (F =5.606,P =0.004).Conclusions The number of BPD in extremely-early-premature infants and very-early-premature infants increases compared with that in the late-preterm infants.Gestational age is the high risk factor for the occurrence of BPD,the gestational age should be delayed as late as possible.Prevention of extremely-early-premature birth and very-early-premature birth,and avoidance of intrauterine hypoxia and rational use of oxygen are the important measures for prevention of BPD occurred in premature infants and reducing hospitalization time.

Adolescent ; Bone Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomus Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Melanoma ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Tibia ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate psychosocial factors and patterns on suicidal ideation of the undergraduates in Shanxi province.

METHODSFour thousand eight hundred and eighty-two undergraduates in Shanxi province were investigated with multistage stratified random clustered samples. Factors associated with suicidal ideation were analyzed with logistic regression and Path analysis by scores of Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI), Suicide Attitude Questionnaire (QSA), Adolescent Self-Rate Life Events Check List (ASLEC), DSQ, Social Support Rating Scale, SCL-90, Simple Coping Modes Questionnaire and EPQ.

RESULTSTendency of psychological disorder was the major factor. Negative life events did not directly affect suicidal ideation, but personality did directly or indirectly affect suicidal ideation through coping and defensive response.

CONCLUSIONSPersonality played a stabilized fundamental role while life events were minor but "triggering" agents. Mental disturbance disposition seemed to be the principal factor related to suicidal ideation. Above three factors were intergraded and resulted in suicidal ideation in chorus.

Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Personality ; Suicide ; psychology

Objective To evaluate the olfactory function and its influence factors by using Sniffin ’ Sticks test, and to compare the quality of Parkinson ’s disease (PD) recognition between Sniffin’ Sticks and 16 kinds of odor identification in Sniffin ’ Sticks(SS-16) tests.Methods The Sniffin’Sticks test was used to assess the olfactory function of 68 PD patients and 76 healthy volunteers , and the relationship between smell and age, disease duration, Unified Parkinson’ s Disease Rating Scale score, Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) rating, and cognitive function level (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) was analyzed.Results (1)The prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in PD group (83.3%) was significantly higher than that in control group (21.2%).The Sniffin’ Sticks test showed that the odor threshold score (6.6 ±3.2, P=0.000), odor discrimination score (6.6 ±3.3, P=0.000), 16 kinds of odor identification score (6.8 ±2.4, P=0.000) in PD group were significantly lower than those in control group.( 2 ) When comparing the PD cases and healthy controls in recognition , the sensitivity and the specificity of the Sniffin ’ Sticks test were 0.897 and 0.737, respectively, similar to the SS-16 test.However, the Sniffin’ Sticks test showed advantage compared with odor threshold and odor discrimination.( 3 ) The olfactory score in PD group was positively correlated with cognitive function (r=0.243, P=0.046), and was unrelated with age, gender, disease duration, and disease severity.The olfactory score in control group was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.270, P=0.018), but positively correlated with cognitive function (r=0.281, P=0.014).Conclusions There is a higher incidence of olfactory dysfunction in PD patients than in control group.Sniffin’ Sticks test is superior to SS-16 test in quantitative and qualitative analysis of olfactory function in PD patients.Two tests both have high sensitivity and specificity in the recognition of PD .

To understand Lophatherum gracile plant community's structural characteristics, a survey of community structure and species diversity was conducted through quadrat sampling in Yongchuan district of Chongqing. The results showed that there were 386 species vascular plants, belonging to 117 families and 229 genera. Based on habitat, community structure and species composition, L. gracile were found in three community types: Pinus massoniana community, banboo community, shurb community. Vertical structure was composed of three layers, including tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer. Species in shrub layer was the richness. P. massoniana is the only dominant species of the community, it can not regenerate naturally, the shrub layer has a greater effect on the community of L. gracile in the future. In addition, the banboo community and shurb community is not stable because of human's activity. Therefore, the community characters of L. gracile should be taken care of conservation when the resources are utilized.
China ; Ecosystem ; Pinus ; physiology ; Plants ; Poaceae ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo define oncologic and functional outcomes of multidisciplinary treatment methods combined chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy, patients with Ewing's sarcoma of the pelvis who were treated at our center were analyzed.

METHODSThirty-one patients with Ewing's sarcoma of the pelvis were eligible for this analysis. Primary lung metastases occurred in ten patients who were classified as stage III according to the system of Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS). All the patients received multidisciplinary treatment methods combined chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy. Twenty-eight patients underwent limb-sparing surgery, three patients underwent hemipelvectomy. The complications, including radiation or surgery-related complications and mechanical failures were recorded, besides the functional results were evaluated according to the MSTS 93 criteria. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox multivariate analysis were used as statistical methods.

RESULTSThe 5-year overall survival (OS) rate for all the patients was 42.3%. The 5-year OS for patients with small tumor (< 10 cm) had a significant better prognosis than patients with large tumor (≥ 10 cm, 58.2% vs. 26.0%, χ(2) = 4.382, P < 0.05). The 5-year OS for patients with surgical stage IIb was significantly better than for those with surgical stage III (50.2% vs. 30.3%, χ(2) = 4.521, P < 0.05). The 5-year OS for patients with wide or radical surgery had a better prognosis than patients with marginal, intralesional surgery or no surgery (60.0% vs. 29.4%, χ(2) = 4.851, P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, surgical stage III (RR = 2.480, 95%CI: 0.857 - 7.173) and resection margin (RR = 2.576, 95%CI: 0.474 - 14.011) were independent prognostic factors. The mean MSTS 93 score for all the patients was 63.3%. The complication rate in patients treated with surgery was 29.0% (9/31).

CONCLUSIONSPatients with Ewing'sarcoma of the pelvis can benefit from multidisciplinary treatment in terms of improved survival, acceptable functional results and reasonable complications. Surgical staging and resection margin are independent prognostic factors.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvis ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoma, Ewing ; surgery ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?) protein and its mRNA in cultured cortical neurons after hypoxia,ischemia or hypoxia-ischemia(HI) and explore the possibilities of HIF-1? gene therapy in HI neurons.Methods The in vitro models of HI,pure hypoxia and pure ischemia were established using embryonic day 16-18 rats cortical neurons.Immunohistochemical and in-situ hybridization were performed to examine the expression of HIF-1? protein and its mRNA at different reperfusion time points in neurons.Results The expression of HIF-1? protein was very week in normoxic cultured neurons,but was up-regulated while treated with hypoxia and(or) ischemia.HIF-1? expression reached peak at 4 to 8 h after reperfusion with HI,which were statistically significant higher than that at other time points(Pa=0),and decreased gradually at 12 h.Furthermore,HIF-1? protein expression was significantly higher in HI group compared with that in the pure hypoxia or ischemia group(Pa=0).HIF-1? mRNA reached peak immediately after HI,decreased gradually at 2 h,and returned to the baseline at 8 h after reperfusion.Conclusions HIF-1? expression on cortical neurons is regulated differently with hypoxia,ischemia or HI treatment,HIF-1? gene therapy for HI neurons maybe a useful method in the future studies.