Bone Screws ; utilization ; Female ; Foot Diseases ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; utilization ; Metatarsus ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Osteochondritis ; congenital ; surgery ; Young Adult

Using high pressure homogenization method combined with spray-drying, budesonide-loaded chitosan microparticles were prepared and the in vitro release profile was investigated. The microparticles were then blended with lactose using a vortex mixer, influence of mixing speed, mixing time on drug recovery rate and content homogeneity were investigated. Meanwhile, influence of lactose content on drug recovery rate, content homogeneity, powder flowability and in vitro deposition were studied. It turned out that budesonide was released from the microparicles in a sustained manner, with fine particle fraction as high as 46.0%, but the powder flowability was poor. After blending with 10 times of lactose, the drug recovery rate was 96.5%, with relative standard deviation of drug content 2.5%, and fine particle fraction of the formulation increased to 59.6% with good flowability. It's demonstrated that using a vortex mixer, budesonide sustained-release dry powder for inhalation with good recovery and content homogeneity could be prepared, the formulation had good flowability and was suitable for pulmonary inhaling.
Administration, Inhalation ; Budesonide ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Chitosan ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; Lactose ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Powders

AIM: To measure the macular thickness of normal young people by 3D 1000 optical coherence tomography (OCT) and study the repeatability of measuring results and the relationship between the thicknesses of macular and gender. At the same time, to compare our result with the data of other types of OCT, and to understand the consistency of the measuring results of macular thickness of different types of OCT.
METHODS: Totally 222 eyes in 111 young people were detected using 3D scan mode of Topcon 3D OCT 1000 (ver 2.4 ) . Twelve cases ( 24 eyes ) underwent repeatability check. We took transverse comparison between our measured results with other research's results.
RESULTS: There were 111 cases of young people, whose age were from 18-27 years old, all uncorrected and corrected visual acuity were≥1. 0, all intraocular pressure were <21mmHg. The average thickness of all macular region was 273. 32±17.08μm. Retinal volume of macular area was 7. 73 ± 0.37mm3 . Center thickness was 161 -264μm, and the average thickness was 200. 13±18. 81μm. Central macular thickness were 188 - 273μm, and the average thickness was 229. 00 ± 18. 20μm. The central macular thickness in men was significantly greater than that in women, and there was statistical difference. The results of repeated check of 12 cases ( 24 eyes ) in the macular area were no statistical difference except the outer ring of nasal quadrant, and the repeatability of average thickness in central macular thickness was better than in center thickness.
CONCLUSION:The repeatability of macular examination is good. The central macular thickness can be better repeated than the center thickness. The central macular thickness is 229. 00±18. 20μm in young people, according to the 3D 1000 OCT measurements. There are statistical difference of central macular thickness between different genders.

Objective:The present study aims to evaluate the chemopreventive effect of celecoxib combined with tamoxifen on breast tumor induced by methylnitrosourea (MNU) in rats. Methods:A total of 140 SD female rats were injected with MNU to estab-lish breast tumor models. The rats were divided subsequently into control, celecoxib, tamoxifen, and combination groups. The occur-rence rates, volumes of breast tumor, and expression levels of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and c-erbB-2 were observed. Results:The tu-mor occurrence rates were lower in the celecoxib and tamoxifen groups than in the control group. The combination group exhibited the lowest tumor-occurrence rate. The tumor volumes of the celecoxib and tamoxifen groups were lower than that of the control group. The combination group had the least tumor volume. The positive rates of COX-2 and c-erbB-2 in the celecoxib and combination groups were lower than those in the control and tamoxifen groups (P<0.05). Conclusion:The combination of celecoxib and tamoxifen can sig-nificantly suppress MNU-induced breast tumor in female rats.

ObjectiveTo explore the release of exogenous growth factors from small intestinal submucosa (SIS) in bladder regeneration. MethodsThe release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) from SIS in vitro were evaluated by ELISA and MTT method. The defected bladder walls of rats in experimental group were repaired with porcine small intestinal submuscosa. Partial bladder mucosa and smooth muscle of the rats in control groups were destroyed. At regular intervals, the VEGF and bFGF expression were observed by histological and immunohistochemical methods. ResultsThe concentration of bFGF and VEGF released in vitro from SIS in PBS solution were (121.8±2.683) ng/L and (93.8±3.033) ng/L respectively, and showed proliferation of vascular endothelial cell. In the SIS framework, the capillary and smooth muscle were observed followed histological evaluation. The weak expression of VEGF and bFGF in both experimental and control groups were found in the first week. Since the second week the VEGF and bFGF expression in experimental group began to increase with a peak in the 6th week, and began to decrease after 8 weeks. In the control group, the weak VEGF and bFGF expression were shown during the observation. ConclusionSIS functions as a carrier for exogenous growth factors release in rat bladder regeneration.

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of chondromalacia patella among college students and the correlation with sports injury.

METHODS354 students from gymnastic department and 429 from nongymnastic department with knee joint pain were selected. 184 students from gymnastic department and 342 from nongymnastic department were checked randomly by a surgeon. 77 patients (37 males, 40 females) from gymnastic department and 119 patients (62 males, 57 females) from nongymnastic department were diagnosed as chondromalacia patellae. The amount of exercise and the occurrence of sports injury were investigated in each student. All data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 statistical software.

RESULTSThe prevalence of chondromalacia patella was 20.1% in female students and 11.6% in male students from gymnastic department, and 5.61% in female students and 4.92% in male students from nongymnastic department. The amount of exercise and the occurrence of sports injury to the knee joint in students from gymnastic department were greater than those from nongymnastic department.

CONCLUSIONSIn both female and male students, the prevalence of chondromalacia patella is higher in gymnastic department than nongymnastic department. Sports injury is an important cause of chondromalacia patella.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Athletic Injuries ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Cartilage Diseases ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Knee Injuries ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Male ; Patella ; pathology ; Prevalence ; Probability ; Prognosis ; Reference Values ; Risk Factors ; Sex Distribution

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this article was to observe the effect of by microwave thermocoagulation on oral benign tumor and to provide theoretical basis for clinic treatment of oral benign tumor.

METHODS165 patients with oral benign tumor were included. There were 83 patients with oral bursa cyst, 42 patients with hemangioma, 19 patients with papilloma, 14 patients with fibrous hyperplasia and 7 patients with epulis. All the patients were treated by WB-100 microwave thermocoagulation.

RESULTS144 patients were effective after the first treatment and 21 patients were effective after the second treatments. No side effect and reoccurrence were found after 3 years.

CONCLUSIONMicrowave thermocoagulation is an effective and safe method in clinic treatment of oral benign tumor.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Electrocoagulation ; methods ; Female ; Hemangioma ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Microwaves ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Diseases ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Mouth Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Mucocele ; radiotherapy ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo analysis the clinical presentation, radiological findings, surgical techniques and outcomes of jugular foramen (JF) schwannomas.

METHODSWe reviewed our 10-year experience in the surgical treatment of 17 patients suffered from JF schwannomas in Hua Shan Hospital, Shanghai. A total of 8 males and 9 females with a mean age of 42 years underwent surgical procedures. A relative long period of 53-month symptomatic history was shown before surgery. The main clinical presentation are vertigo and hearing difficulty in 10 cases, atrophy of unilateral muscles of tongue in 9 cases, involvement of lower cranial nerve in 8 cases. The classification of tumors was type A (at cerebellopontine angle with minimal enlargement of the JF) in five cases, type B (JF with intracranial extension) in 3 cases, type C (extracranial tumors with JF extension) in 2 cases and type D (dumbbell-shaped with both intra-and extracranial components) in 7 cases.

RESULTSFar lateral approaches were used in 10 cases, retrosigmoid suboccipital approaches were used in 5 cases. Submandibular approaches were selected in other 2 cases. Gross total removal was achieved in 12 cases, and subtotal removal in 5 cases. Follow-up revealed marked improvement from preoperative symptoms in 9 cases and no additional deficits in 3 cases. 5 cases suffered from additional neurological deficits. There were two cases of temporary hoarseness and gradually improved within follow-up. Two patients suffered from swallowing problems as a new deficit. One patient had facial palsy.

CONCLUSIONSJF schwannomas can be surgically treated with relative good outcomes. Surgical approaches should be tailored according to the tumor extension.

Accessory Nerve Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemmoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Vagus Nerve Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery

The dry seeds of Cassia obtusifolia were carried by the "ShenZhou 8" satellite and sowed after landing. Based on our pri- or study on SP1, the characteristics of plants growth, physiological index and content of effective components were examined. The results showed that the QC10, QC29 strains matured 5 d earlier compared with control. The plant height, across diameter and ground diameter of QC10, QC29, QC46 strains was superior to the control at whole growth period. The branch number increased ranging from 4 to 11 and the number of pods reached 321, 313,281, respectively, which was dramatically higher than the control (246). The yield of QC10, QC29, QC46 strains increased noticeably from 31.4 to 63.2 g. The 1000-seed-weight of QC10, QC29, QC46 strains was 25.86, 25.88, 24.06 g, while the control was 23.69 g. Compared to the control, the mass fraction of chlorophyll was enhanced 1.098, 1.016, 0.297 mg. There was no significant difference in aurantio-obtusin and chrysophanol content of seeds. Through two years research, three high-yield mutant strains were obtained. This study indicates that spaceflight-induced mutants could provide new germplasm for C. obtusifolia breeding and offers the theoretical basis for further utilization of spaceflight-induced mutation to breed high-quality C. obtusifolia strains.
Cassia ; chemistry ; genetics ; growth & development ; Mutation ; Space Flight

Aged ; Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Scrub Typhus ; epidemiology