The first case of Hurthle cell tumor of the thyroid gland(HCT) was described in the literature a century ago. Since then, researches of HCT have been progressing from cellular to molecular level. We reviewed the literatures about HCT researching, with emphasis on differentiated diagnosis of benign and malignant HCT.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Prognosis

Objective To observe the effect of ethanol extract and ethyl acetate extract of Capparis Spinosa on the thickness of dermis,synthesis of collagen type Ⅰ,type Ⅲ,and expression of transforming growth factor-β1 in mouse models of scleroderma.Methods Mouse models of scleroderma were established through local injection of bleomycin on the back once a day for 4 weeks.After confirmation of model establishment,72 mouse models were equally and randomly divided into three groups.Two groups received topical treatment with ethanol extract of Capparis Spinosa and ethyl acetate extract of Capparis Spinosa,respectively,no treatment was given to the rest of the control group.After 2-,4-,6-week treatment,8 mice were sacrificed and tissue samples were obtained from the back,and subiected to the measurement of dermal thickness by HE staining,as well as to the analysis of expression of collagen type Ⅰ,collagen type Ⅲ and transforming growth factor-β1 by immunohistochemical staining.Results On week 2,4,6,the thickness of dermis was 23.22,24.94,19.97 μm respectively in mice treated with ethanol extract of Capparis Spinosa,27.66.26.15,22.13 μm respectively in those treated with ethyl acetate extract of Capparis Spinosa.Compared with the mouse models without treatment,the thickness of dermis significantly decreased(F=12.99,P＜0.01),the expression of collagen type Ⅰ(F=7.47,P＜0.01)and transforming growth factor-β1(F=11.76,P＜0.01)were also inhibited in those receiving treatment.However,the expression of collagen type Ⅲ was not affected obviously by the treatment.Conclusion The ethanol extract and ethyl acetate extract of Capparis Spinosa have the effect against skin fibrosis.

BACKGROUND: Acellular amniotic membrane used widely in treating ocular surface disease as well as extensive burn wounds due to its low antigenicity and excellent histocompatibility. However, it is poorly understood whether it can be used in repairing urethral defects.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate role and the feasibility of human acellular amniotic membrane (HAAM) in the rabbit urethral reconstruction.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized control experiment of animals was performed at the Laboratory Center of Guangxi Medical University between April and June 2007.MATERIALS: Thirty-two New Zealand rabbits were supplied by animal center of Guangxi Medical University. The human HAAM was obtained from Department of Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University.METHODS: HAAM was prepared by detergent-enzymatic approach. Firstly, the fresh amniotic membrane was protected with cross linking of 1% formaldehyde- 0.2% glutaral, digested with 0.125% trypsogen- 0.05 mol/L EDTA, followed by washing with 0.5% Triton X-100. Totally 32 New Zealand male rabbits were assigned into 3 groups: experimental group (n=12), control group (n=12) and sham operation group (n=8). Rabbits were prepared for urethral defects models in the experimental and control groups, which were repaired with HAAM or anastomosised directly. There was no urethral operation in the sham operation group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The growth of epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration was observed by histopathologic examination at days 10, 21 and 42 after operation. The urethral pressure changes and urinary bladder was examined by retrograde urethrography at day 42 after operation.RESULTS: ①The prepared HAAM was translucent, there was no residual cells or fragments. ②The pathological section examination showed that in the experimental group, some epithelial cells has grown without acute rejection at day 10 after operation, and several layers of urothelium covered HAAM at day 21 with reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. At day 42, a sprinkle of smooth muscle grew in HAAM with few inflammatory cells. Urodynamic studies indicated that there were no significant difference among 3 groups in the bladder volume, maximum urethral pressure and minimum urethral pressure (P > 0.05). The weight of bladder had obvious difference between the sham operation and control groups (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: HAAM is an ideal biomaterial with well histocompatibility, biocompatibility and low antigenicity. HAAM is a good choice for urethral reconstruction.

This study is to determine the preventive effect and mechanism of targeting IL-17A on pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis after acute lung injury. Mice were treated with anti-IL-17A antibody on the day 7 and sacrificed on the day 14 after bleomycin lung injury. The pulmonary inflammatory status and the deposition of collagen were measured by HE and Sirius stains staining. The contents of hydroxyproline and collagen were measured by using commercial kits. The survival rate of mice was calculated by Kaplan-Meier methods. The inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured by ELISA and the expressions of inflammation-related molecules were detected by Western blotting assay. Targeting of IL-17A could prevent the development of lung inflammation, decrease collagen deposition and the contents of hydroxyproline, and protect against the development of pulmonary fibrosis, which together led to an increase in the animal survival. Moreover, blocking IL-17A decreased the expression ofpro-fibrotic cytokines such as IL-17A, TGF-beta1 and IL-13; increased the expression of anti-fibrotic or anti-inflammatory factors such as IFN-gamma, COX-2, 5-LOX, 15-LOX. Indeed, IL-17A antagonism suppressed the activation of pro-inflammatory p65NF-kappaB but enhanced the activation of pro-resolving p50NF-kappaB. In conclusion, that blockade of IL-17A prevents the development of pulmonary fibrosis from acute lung injury, is because blocking IL-17A may prevent acute inflammation converting to chronic inflammation.

Shuyu Pill is the representative prescription for treating deficiency-essence. This article discussed the consistency of diabetes and deficiency-essence from TCM syndromes and etiology and pathogenesis, and probed into the correlation between Shuyu Pill and diabetic Western medicine of pathomechanism diabetes from the modern pharmacological research on Shuyu Pill. Therefore, it proposed that diabetes has the essence of deficiency-essence;the pathogenesis of diabetes should meet the efficacy of Shuyu Pill; pharmacological effects of Shuyu Pill can affect various pathological mechanism of diabetes, with a purpose to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of diabetes.

OBJECTIVE To observe the bacterial biofilm formation on indwelling double J stent in the human body.METHODS A prospective study of 42 cases with double J stent indwelling in the human body after operation was conducted.The stent was divided into 4 segments then detected microbiologicaly in a separate manner and observed with scanning electron microscope for the presence of bacterial biofilm.RESULTS From 42 cases with douple J stent,only one case was without any bacteria in four segments.20 cases(47.6%) had the same bacteria in four segments.The bacterial positive rate of each segment was pelvic segment(81.0%),upper ureter segment(64.3%),lower ureter segment(71.4%) and bladder segment(83.3%);totally 18 kinds and 126 bacterial strains were flund.the most popular pathogens were Escherichia coli(23.0%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(15.9%),corynebacterium(15.1%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis(13.5%).On the surface of unused double J stent,there was uneven but clean,without any attachment and encrustation,but on the surface of double J stent indwelling in the human body,the inflammatory affachment and encrustation were observed as well as bacterial biofilm,encapsulated in the abundant fibrous membrane.CONCLUSIONS Our study found that bacterial biofilm can be encrustated on the surface of double J stent indwelling in the human body,it may be one of the reasons for catheter-associated urinary tract infection.

Objective To investigate the methods and results of reverse island flap of the adjacent digit pedicled with the Y-V vascular of digital artery by anastomosis of superficial veins for repairing soft tissue defects of the fingers.Methods From March 2009 to June 2011,twenty cases with soft tissue defect distal to the proximal interphalangeal join of fingers were treated by reverse island flap of the adjacent digit pedicled with the Y-V vascular of digital artery by anastomosis of superficial veins.There were 12 cases of the index finger,eight of middle finger,the largest area of the flaps was 4.5 cm × 3.5 cm,and the smallest area was 3.5 cm × 2.5 cm,an average of the pedical length was 4.0 cm.All cases anastomosis one superficial vein,fourteen cases suture dorsal digital nerve,and the donor area covered with full-thickness skin graft.Results All flaps survived.Postoperative follow-up time ranged from 8 to 16 months,the appearance and texture of the flaps were excellent,the flaps with suture nerves,the two-point discrimination was 7 mm to 9 mm,the other flaps that the nerves were disconnected.The sensation of the flaps recovered to S2-S3,no morbidity of the donor fingers occurred.Conclusion Reverse island flap of the adjacent digit pedicled with the Y-V vascular of digital artery by anastomosis of superficial veins can form a longer vascular pedicle,to repair the soft tissue defect distal to the proximal interphalangeal joint,through anastomoses superficial venous can reduce the flap venous pressure obviously,improve the survival quality of the flap,the effect is satisfacted.

Objective To investigate the method and result of repairing multi-fingers soft tissue defects using the dorsal metacarpal flaps with cutaneous branches as pedicle.Methods From February,2010 to January,2013,9 patients with multi-fingers tissue defects were treated with the 2nd,3rd,4th dorsal metacarpal flaps with cutaneous branches as pedicles.The area of flaps ranged from 1.2 cm × 2.5 cm to 2.5 cm × 5.0 cm.The donor sites were sutured with full thick skin graft.Results All flaps survived.After a followed-up of 8 months to 24 months(average 12 months),the texture and shape of the flaps were good and non-bloated.The flap sensibility as sessment were S3-S3+.The two-point discrimination testing were 10 to 13 mm (average 11.6 mm).The TAM score of range of motion was 60％ to 75％ of the healthy side.The skin graft of donor site were soft.Conclusion Procedure of dorsal metacarpal flaps with cutaneous branches as pedicles easy is a good method to repaire the soft tissue defects of muhi-fingers.