China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; statistics & numerical data ; Male

China ; epidemiology ; Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Fungal ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycoses ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; microbiology ; Sentinel Surveillance

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of leukoaraiosis on conscious disturbance in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

METHODSA follow-up study including 138 patients with acute cerebral infarction matched with the diagnostic criteria of the Forth Cerebrovascular Disease Conference, were carried out. Patients were divided into two groups, using MRI to estimate the white substance process around cerebral ventricle, including 78 of them with leukoaraiosis and 60 without leukoaraiosis were followed up using Glasgow coma scale scores and England OCSP classification in 1 month, 3 month and 6 month after onset.

RESULTSThe independent factors of conscious disturbance included leukoaraiosis (OR = 5.294, 95% CI: 1.451-19.318), and OCSP classification (TACI and POCI especially) (OR = 14.489, 95% CI: 4.121-50.934). At the initial, the first month and the third month of the stroke episodes, significant difference (P < 0.05) was noticed when using Glasgow coma scales, and the scales in leukoaraiosis group was lower than the control.

CONCLUSIONTACI and POCI in OCSP classification were independent risk factors of conscious disturbance, and leukoaraiosis was also the independent factor. The incidence of conscious disturbance after stroke in patients with leukoaraiosis were lower than in that without leukoaraiosis. On the other hand, the degree of conscious disturbance was more serious and slower than those without leukoaraiosis, suggesting that the effect of leukoaraiosis was duplicate for conscious disturbance. Because patients with leukoraiosis had tolerance of chronic cerebral ischemia. The number of patients with conscious disturbance after stroke was fewer relatively. Leukoaraiosis had inactive effect for amelioration of conscious disturbance after three months of the episode. The grouping of OCSP played a primary while leukoaraiosis playing a secondary role, despite the patients with or without conscious disturbance after stroke.

Aged ; Brain ; pathology ; Brain Ischemia ; complications ; Consciousness Disorders ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukoaraiosis ; etiology ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; complications

Objective To determine the timing for therapy and efficacy for different types of hepatic artery stenosis (HAS) after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT). Methods From October 2003 to May 2007, a total of 21 patients had hepatic artery stenosis after OLT in this hospital. Of the 21 patients, 19 underwent stent placement in their narrowed hepatic arteries and 2 were regularly followed up. Liver function, clinical outcomes, and the hepatic artery potency were reviewed. Results The occurring rate of HAS was 3.43% (21/613) and its median time of diagnosis was 146 days (range, 2-515 days). Six patients with early HAS were treated with interventions and 2 of them died.For the 4 surviving patients, 2 received retransplantation. For the 15 patients with late HAS, 13 were treated with interventions and 4 of them died. Two patients received retransplantation. Seven surviving patients had abnormality in liver function. Another 2 patients had normal liver function because of hepatic portal form compensatory circulation. Conclusion The presence of ischemic bile duct lesion and whether or not favourable compensatory circulation exists or not should be considered before individualized therapeutic regimens adopted according to postoperative HAS types.

AIM:To rapidly evaluate the effective-ness,safety and economy of dienogest in the treat-ment of endometriosis so as to provide evidence-based reference for clinical drug selection and deci-sion.METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,SinoMed,Wanfang and health technology assessment(HTA)organization websites,HTA report,systematic review/Meta-anal-ysis and pharmacoeconomic study were included during the inception to Sep 2023.Data extraction and quality evaluation were carried out for the lit-erature that met the inclusion and exclusion crite-ria,and the research results were summarized and analyzed qualitatively.RESULTS:Nine systematic re-view/Meta-analyses,and 2 pharmacoeconomic studies were included.The quality of Meta-analysis literatures was low,and the quality of economic re-search was good.In terms of effectiveness,com-pared with no treatment,dienogest can significant-ly reduce postoperative recurrence rate,VAS score,and improve pregnancy rate and effective rate;Di-enogest has similar therapeutic effects in terms of recurrence rate as GnRHa and COC;With regard to recurrence rate and pregnancy rate,dienogest is superior to danazol,gestrinone,and mifepristone.In terms of safety,compared with placebo,the inci-dence of vaginal bleeding and headache was signifi-cantly increased with dienogest,and there was no difference in bone loss;The incidence of vaginal bleeding caused by dienogest was significantly high-er than that of GnRHa,but the incidence of hot flashes and bone loss was lower.In terms of econo-my,dienogest has a more cost-effective advantage comparing with GnRHa,but does not have econom-ic benefits comparing with COC.CONCLUSION:Di-enogest has good effectiveness and safety in the treatment of endometriosis,and economically su-perior to GnRHa,but inferior to COC.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the antibiotics use in inpatients with hospitals under different scales.

METHODSOn the day of August 7, 2003, antibiotics use among inpatients were investigated, medical order to each inpatient was checked and forms were filled.

RESULTSData showed that 54.86% of the 89,539 inpatients from 151 hospitals were using antibiotics, out of which 48.98% were used for therapeutic purposes while 35.44% for prophylaxis, and 15.58% for both therapy and prophylaxis. Among those who had received antibiotics, 61.43% received one, 33.65% received two and 4.92% received 3 or more agents. In patients who were on antibiotics for therapy, only 23.92% of the samples were sent for pathogens detection. The prevalence of antibiotics use was different among different hospitals, with teaching hospitals having the lowest and hospitals with less than 300 beds were higher than those with more than 300 beds. Departments of respiratory diseases, intensive care unit, and pediatrics had the higher use of antibiotics.

CONCLUSIONInpatients in 151 hospitals had high prevalence of antibiotics use, especially for prophylaxis use but pathogen detection was seldomly done. It is necessary to strengthen the rational use and management of antibiotics use in the hospitals.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; statistics & numerical data ; China ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Data Collection ; Drug Utilization Review ; Female ; Humans ; Inpatients ; statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEIn Guangxi province, from 1970s to 1990s, the mortality of primary liver cancer (PLC) ranked the first among a variety of malignant tumors. Investigating the epidemiological characteristics of PLC is very important for developing reasonable and effective treatment strategy, allocating health resources rationally, and evaluating the quality of PLC prevention and control. This study was to analyze the mortality and epidemiological characteristics of PLC in Guangxi province between 2004 and 2005.

METHODSMulti stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 9 counties (cities or urban areas) as sample points. The residents' death causes between 2004 and 2005 were analyzed, and the epidemiological characteristics of PLC were investigated.

RESULTSIn the period of 2004-2005, the crude mortality of PLC was 34.39/100,000 in Guangxi province population (55.30/100,000 in men and 13.21/100,000 in women). The national population standardized mortality in 1964 was 22.17/100,000. The man to woman ratio of mortality was 4.19:1. PLC ranked as the first death cause among a variety of malignant tumors, and PLC related death accounted for 30.70% of all tumor related death cases. Age specific mortality of PLC was increased with age, rising significantly from 30 year old (from 25 year old in men and from 40 year old in women), and reached a peak at 75 year old.

CONCLUSIONSThe mortality of PLC shows a decreasing trend in Guangxi province in the early 21st century, and the starting age of PLC death peak postpones about 10 years than that in 1990s. It shows that the comprehensive prevention and control measures of PLC implemented in Guangxi province are fruitful. However, the PLC mortality in Guangxi province is still significantly higher than the national average level, and it still ranks as the first death cause in a variety of malignant tumors in Guangxi province. PLC mainly occurs in middle aged and elderly people. The prevention and treatment research of PLC still has a long way to go.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; trends ; Sex Distribution ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo determine the partial sequence of virus strains causing an aseptic meningitis outbreak in northern part of Jiangsu province in 2003 and to compare them with the same serotype strains isolated in other countries to better understand its genetic characteristics and hereditary trend of development.

METHODSVirus RNA was amplified using two sets of specific enteroviral 3' half of VP1 primers 012/011 and 040/011. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were purified and sequenced. BLAST program was then used to perform on nucleotide and amino acid pairwise-alignment with all available sequences in NCBI database. Phylogenetic trees were drawed to compare with other enteroviral sequences using PHYLIP software.

RESULTSUnder BLAST program, three sequences we submitted to GenBank were identically inferred as echovirus type 30, which had been identified by neutralization test in previous study. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that strains isolated from this outbreak were aggregated into a cluster, and the closest relationships with them were those isolated in 1999 and 2000. This phenomenon indicated that Echo30 from this outbreak was different from other strains in different epidemic area.

CONCLUSION3' half of VP1 sequence could be used to quickly identify the serotype of isolated enterovirus. Strains isolated from this outbreak had the similar hereditary developing trend comparing with Echo30 strains isolated from other countries.

Base Sequence ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enterovirus B, Human ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; epidemiology ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

To investigate the expression and significance of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and XIAP-associated factor 1 (XAF1) in acute leukemia, the expression of XIAP, XAF1, Smac, and HtrA2 mRNA in the bone marrow aspirates from 87 newly diagnosed AL patients, 23 patients in remission, 6 patients in relapse, and 17 normal controls were detected by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and their relationship with clinical therapeutic efficiency was analyzed. The results showed that the expression level of XIAP mRNA in newly diagnosed AL patients (0.990 +/- 0.337) was significantly higher than that in normal controls (0.395 +/- 0.148) (P < 0.01); the positive rate and expression level of XAF1 mRNA in newly diagnosed AL patients (56.32%, 0.246 +/- 0.267) were significantly lower than that in normal controls (100%, 0.964 +/- 0.387) (P < 0.01). In 69 out of 87 newly diagnosed AL patients, efficacy remained evaluable. AL patients with high level of XIAP achieved a lower complete remission (CR) rate than patients with low level of XIAP (54.55% and 86.11%, respectively) (P < 0.01). XAF1 positive patients achieved a higher CR rate than XAF1 negative patients (86.84% and 51.61%, respectively) (P < 0.01). It is concluded that the overexpression of XIAP and negativity of XAF1 may be two adverse prognostic factors in AL patients.
Acute Disease ; High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 2 ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Serine Endopeptidases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein ; biosynthesis ; genetics

To investigate the relationship between the plasma levels of chemokine CXCL9/Mig and acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The plasma levels of CXCL9/Mig of 35 patients who received all-HSCT were detected by using ELISA assay, these patients included 13 patients with grade 0-I, 12 patients with grade II and 10 patients with grade III - IV aGVHD, respectively. The four different time points including prior to allo-HSCT, one week before aGVHD onset, the plateau of aGVHD and time after completely controlled, were studied. The results showed that the plasma levels of CXCL9/Mig in the patients with serious aGVHD (grade II - IV) were significantly increased during aGVHD than those in the patients without aGVHD or with slight aGVHD (P < 0.001). It was found that CXCL9/Mig levels were significantly correlated with the severity of grade aGVHD (P < 0.001). Another important finding was that CXCL9/Mig levels obviously increased at one week before aGVHD was diagnosed. CXCL9/Mig level was not obviously correlated with CMV infection or other infectious complication (P > 0.05). It is concluded that the plasma level of CXC19/Mig significantly correlated with the severity of aGVHD and plays a critical role in pathogenesis of aGVHD, the changes in plasma level of CXCL9/Mig after allo-HSCT may be used as a valuable indicator for early diagnosis of aGVHD, finally, provide a early therapeutic approach to reduce aGVHD severity and improve the outcome for patients after allo-HSCT.
Chemokine CXCL9 ; blood ; Graft vs Host Disease ; blood ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Humans