Bone and Bones ; blood supply ; Tissue Engineering

Orthodontics is the procedure of managing the space .Space analysis is a comprehensive quantitative analysis that can analyze the factors that influence the arch space .It also helps to judge if the treatment goals can be reached , thus helping the treat-ment plan making and guiding clinical orthodontics .And space analysis related factors include crowding , curve of Spee, arch width, arch growth, arch protrusion, mesiodistal angulation, an so on.In this review, we summarizes the above-mentioned factors.

Objective To discuss cultivation of higher vocational nursing talents in the model of learning and working rotation during the cooperation of school and hospital. Methods Students were cultivated by two years school study, two years learning and hospital work rotation and one year hospital position practice which was adopted as an "221" mode by means of organizational leadership,agreed safeguard and co-management. Half day learning and half day practice in four learning situation which have been transformed from the real professional workplace. Results Scores of professional core courses and operation skills had been improved significantly; Students cultivated by "221" mode had more superiority on the aspects of post adaptability, hand skills, communication skills and the ability of linking theory to practice. Conclusions The model of learning and working rotation during the cooperation of school and hospital is the important way of cultivating higher vocational nursing talents.

Objective To prevent the prevalence of drug resistance viruses,we analyzed drug resistance mutations of HIV-1 among HIV-1 infected individuals in seven provinces of China.Methods We acquired 718 HIV-1 infected patients' treatment and compliance from questionnaires,amplified HIV-1 pol genes by RT-PCR and nest-PCR,sequenced RT and protease regions and run clustal with the subtype B consensus amino acid sequence in Stanford HIV drug resistance sequence database.Results The viral load in treated patients was obviously lower than that in untreated patients(P

As the development of hospital information systems in the third-tier hospitals of the first grade in China gradually deepens, there has appeared an urgent need to formulate standards for the management of such systems. The paper offers proposals for the structure, composition and main responsibilities of the centers for hospital information management, posts setting and post responsibilities in the centers, the number of allocated personnel in the centers and the number of personnel required for various posts, and management standards and operating procedures in the centers.

Objective To investigate the changes of lithium metabolic balance in normal controls and in patients with type-two diabetes mellitus.Method Lithium was measured by atomic absorbent spectrometry.Results (2 91?0 54)?mol/d of lithium intake (2 37?0 51)?mol/d in urine and (0 28?0 05)?mol/d in stool,(0 27?0 24)?mol/d of lithium equilibrium value(LEV),(2 64?0 51)?mol/d of intestinal lithium absorption value(ILAV),(90 4?18)% of intestinal lithium absorption rate(ILAR) and (81 0?1 5)% of ratio of urine lithium excretion to lithium intake(ULE/LI)in normal controls;as well as (2 24?0 25)?mol/d of lithium in food,(2 15?0 36)?mol/d in urine,(0 35?0 05)?mol/d in stool,(-0 25?0 06)?mol/d of LEV,(1 89?0 33)?mol/d of ILAV,(84 3?2 1)% of ILAR and (95 6?3 2)% RU/I in diabetic patients respectively.Lithium in food and stool,LEV,ILAV and ILAR in diabetes were lower than those in controls (P

Myogenic potentials evoked by air conducted sound (ACS), bone conducted vibration (BCV) or galvanic pulses can be recorded with surface electrodes over contracted muscles. These myogenic potentials are of vestibular origin (utricle and saccule) and so these potentials are called vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs). Since the vestibular system has projections to many muscle systems, there are many such VEMPs. In this review, we discuss the generated origin, response pathway, waveform characteristics and clinical application of ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP).
Humans ; Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials

Objective To study the anti-tumor effect of 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine(5-aza-dC) on breast carcinoma xenografted in nude mice. Methods The model of breast carcinoma xenografted in nude mice was established.Ten mice were randomized into the treatment group(treated with 5-aza-dC) and control group(treated with PBS).The mass of the tumors before and after treatment were measured in the two groups,and the inhibition rate of the tumor was calculated and the growth curve was drawn.Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were employed to detect the expression of normal epithelial cell specific-1(NES1)gene. Results The inhibition rate of the tumor in the treatment group was 57.44%,which was significantly different from the control group(P

Adult ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Vanadium ; toxicity

Objective To establish the model for periventricular leukomalacia(PVL) by intracerebral injection of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) and explore realistic model for concerned studies and investigate the diagnostic method with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. MethodsSprague-Dawley rat pups of both sexes at the age of postnatal day 5 (P5) were randomized and divided into two groups: NPA group and PBS group , and they were injected the same volume of 3-NPA and PBS with a tip located at the corpus callosum above the left ventricle by stereotaxis instrument, respectively. One day (P6), two days (P7), three days (P8) and nine days (P14) after injection, the injections were transcardially perfused and brains were collected. Then sections of brains were undertaken HE staining; growth and the time of opening eyes of the rats in the two different groups were observed and compared. Neurobehaviorai activity and memory tests were performed on postnatal day 29 (P29) and day 30 (P30). MRI examination was performed on postnatal day 30 (P30). ResultsMore weight increase and slower opening eye time were found in the NPA group compared with PBS group (P < 0.05). In the NPA group, sub-cortical and periventricular white matter rarefaction were observed by HE staining on P6, P7 and P8, significant lateral ventricle enlargement was found on P14, while the same changes were not found in the PBS group, and no histological changes in gray matter were noted in both groups. The outcomes of neurobehavioral tests of NPA group were much more abnormal compared with the PBS group (P < 0.05). MRI examination disclosed the signal changes of brain tissue is worse in the NPA group than that of the PBS group in muscle strength of limbs, autocinesis, capability and white matter. ConclusionsThe model for PVL induced by intracerebral injection of 3-NPA is characterized by damage to the periventricular white matter. The model can stimulate the pathologic change factually in vivo. The neurobehavioral movement is consistent with.clinical symptom. It can be used as a model to investigate some related disease. MRI examination is a feasible diagnostic method to show anatomic changes of white matter injury of the brain.