To investigate the effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on the proliferation and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) expression of cultured human retinal pigment epithelium cells, human retinal pigment epithelium cells (RPE) were cultured from normal adults who, died accidentally. The effects of PDTC on the proliferation of RPE cells were examined by using methyl thiazlyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The effects of PDTC on the PCNA expression of RPE cells were immunohistochemically examined by employing biological image analysis system (BIAS). After treatment with PDTC of various of concentration ranging from 0.062 to 1 g/L for 24 h, or concentrations ranging from 0.031 to 1 g/L, the proliferation of RPE cells decreased in a dose-dependent manner. After treatment with PDTC of concentration varying from 0.062 to 1 g/L for 24 h, the PCNA expression was also suppressed in a dose-dependent manner. It is concluded that PDTC can inhibit the proliferation of RPE cells in vitro in a dose-and time-dependent manner, at least in part, by down-regulating the expression of PCNA. PDTC may be used to prevent and treat the proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

The incidence of birth defect in China is still high,which is not only affected by genetic factors,but also affected by heavy metals in surrounding that prejudices foetus' normal development.Heavy metal is a kind of inorganic pollutants with high toxicity.Excessive intake of lead,cadmium,arsenic or mercury,and the insufficient intake of zinc,calcium and copper may both lead to at least 1 kind of birth defect.The interactions between heavy metals also affect the outcomes of pregnancy.This paper reviewed different relationships between heavy metals and birth defect recording to relevant achievements such as animal experimentations and epidemiologic study made by researches from at home and abroad in recent years.It is advised to intake adequate zinc and copper and avoid being exposed to harmful metals to make sure the effective reduction of the incidences of birth defects.This paper will also point out the direction of future research about the relationship among the birth defects and heavy metal.

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between axial length ( AL ) , corneal and lens refractive power, and the refractive error in children.
METHODS:Totally 44 children 88 eyes with refractive error who underwent retinoscopy with cycloplegia, to be measured spherical equivalent refractive error. Axial length was measured by a noncontact optical biometry ( ZEISS IOL-Master) , and corneal K and anterior chamber depth ( ACD) were also measured by the same machine. The refractive power of the lens was calculated by using the SRK formula. The patients were divided into 3 groups, myopia (SE<0), hyperopia (SE>+0. 50D) and emmetropia ( 0 to + 0. 50D ). Linear Correlation and Regression were used to evaluate the correlation among the optical parameters.
RESULTS:Totally 44 subjects, 88 eyes, average 9. 04±2.39 years, spherical equivalent (SE) -3. 50D to +8. 75D. Hyperopic AL was shorter than the other two groups ( P<0.05), same trend in lens power. No significant differences among the 3 groups in corneal K and ACD. There was a negative correlation between age and SE, SE and AL, SE and lens refractive power, and there was a positive correlation between age and AL, age and lens power.
CONCLUSION:As the children's growing up, SE trends to myopia, and AL becomes longer, and lens power is stronger.

Objective To understand whether Imarcaptoacetate dioctyltin(IMA) is a environmental endocrine disruptor or not. Methods The new born Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups including positive control group, negative control group and four experimental groups. The rats in the experimental groups were given IMA at different concentrations (0.100 0, 0.010 0, 0.001 0, 0.000 1 ?g/10 g) 1/1 000 000 by hypodermic injection, the rats in the negative control group were treated with corn oil and those in the positive control group were treated with dibutyltin dilaurate(DBTD) at concentration of 0.001 ?g/10 g bw. The rats were injected one time each day for five consecutive days. After one and half months, the levels of T, LH and FSH in the blood, the weight of the testicles, ovaries and the sexual organ exponent were determined. The pathological examination on some samples was conducted. Results In both of female and male, the levels of T in IMA treated rats were significantly increased and showed an doge-effect relationship (P0.05). The exponents of the testicles were different among groups (P

Purpose　The aim is to optimize the liquid culture conditions of dihydropyrimidinase producing strain Pseudomonas putida 9801. Methods　Plackett-Burman design and spherical symmetric desig n were used.Results　Optimum conditions for dihydropyrimidinas e formation of Pseudomonas putida 9801 were defined:yeast extract 2.39%, Glu cose 1.81%,Uracil 0.06%,K2HPO4*3H2O 0.2%, MgCl2*6H2O 0.05%and NaCl 0 .3%,when the strain was cultured at 32℃ for 10 h,about 3.02 units/ml of hydanto inase was obtained. This value was quite consistent with the theory value(2.91 u nits/ml).Conclusion　The liquid culture conditions of dihydrop yrimidinase producing strain were optimized.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to investigate the expression of midkine (MK) and microvessel density (MVD) in patients with salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) and its clinical significance, as well as detect the correlation between the expression of MK and MVD in SACC.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry analysis (SP method) for MK and MVD were performed on 60 cases of SACC and 26 cases of normal salivary gland tissue. The expression of MK and MVD, as well as the correlation between the expression of MK and MVD in SACC were detected.

RESULTSIn SACC, the MK expression rate was 70.0% (42/60), and MK was not expressed in normal tissue. Statistical significance was found between SACC and normal tissue (P<0.05). The MVD values in SACC and normal salivary gland tissues were 38.73 +/- 8.96 and 11.15 +/- 3.33, respectively. These values were statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression levels of MK and MVD were unrelated to age, gender, and type in SACC (P>0.05), but correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and tumor-node-metastasis in SACC (P<0.05). The expression of MK and MVD was positively correlated with SACC (r=0.560, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSACC is correlated with the expression of MK protein and the increase in MVD, which may be some of the early diagnostic markers in SACC.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; enzymology ; pathology ; Cytokines ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Microvessels ; Nerve Growth Factors ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Salivary Glands ; enzymology

Objective To explore the effect of inhaled ambroxol hydrochloride(mucosolvan) and budesonide suspension(pulmicort respules) on the prevention and treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS).Methods Ninty-two preterm infants without asphyxia and mother suffered from illness,were selected from neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) in Jiangyin hospital from Oct.2003 to Mar.2006.Their gestational age ranged from 29 to 33 weeks and they were all cured within 2 hours after birth.They were divided randomly into treatment group(group A) and control group(group B) at equal number.All of them were given oxygen treatment,aminophylline,VitK1,nutrition support treatment and kept in infant incubator.Every 8 hours,inhaled ambroxol hydrochloride(10 mg/kg) and budesonide suspension(0.25 mg) driven by oxygen were given to group A.Meanwhile,only ambroxol hydrochloride(10 mg/kg) were given to group B.After 3 days,the data of p(O2) and p(CO2) of premature were detected at d1,2,3 in 2 groups.Result At d2,d3,the arterial blood P(O2) in group A were(8.01?0.62),(9.25?0.76)kPa respectively;At d2,d3,arterial blood P(O2) value in group B were respectively(7.63?0.59)kPa,(8.75?0.63)kPa.By that statistics handles two set of preemie d2,d3 arterial blood P(O2)value,difference had notable.Group A preemie d2,d3 arterial blood P(CO2) value were respectively:(4.55?0.58),(4.20?0.51)kPa;group B preemie d2,d3 arterial blood P(CO2) value were(4.87?0.67)kPa,(4.44?0.59)kPa respectively.By that statistics handles two set of preemie d2,d3 arterial blood P(CO2) value,difference had notable.Conclusion Inhaled ambroxol hydrochloride and budesonide suspension treatment has be well effect in NRDS.

Objective To observe the time course of the changes in nitric oxide (NO) content and the activity of NO synthase (NOS) during hippocampal long term potentiation (LTP) in vitro . Methods The production and maintenance of LTP were detected by using extracelluar electrophysiological recording. NO content and NOS activity were determined by biochemical reaction. The expression of NOS mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. Results Conditioning stimulation for 10 min induced LTP production and significant increases in NO content, NOS activity and expression of NOS mRNA. However, at 60 min after conditioning stimulation, LTP remained stably but NO content and NOS activity returned to the pre conditioning stimulation level. Moreover, the NOS mRNA was overexpressed at the early stage of LTP production. Conclusion Significant NO changes may occur at the early stage of LTP formation.

[Abstract ] Objective The role of serum Pygo2 expression in children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in the disease process and whether it can be used to evaluate the degree of liver fibrosis still remain unknown .The article aimed to detect Pygo 2 expression in the peripheral blood of children with NAFLD and ana-lyze its relationship with traditional serum hepatic fibrosis index in or-der to evaluate the clinical significance of Pygo 2 measurement in chil-dren with NAFLD . Methods We enrolled 120 cases of childhood obesity and 18 healthy controls in Anhui Provincial Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2014 to February 2016.The cases of childhood obesity were di-vided into simple obesity group ( n=44, no diffuse fatty liver under liver ultrasound detection ) , NAFL group ( n=35, diffuse fatty liver with normal liver function under liver ultrasound detection ) and NASH group ( n=41, diffuse fatty liver with abnormal liver function under liver ultrasound detection ) .The peripheral serum was collected from all patients and healthy controls .ELISA was used to detect serum Pygo2 expression and radioimmunoassay was used to detect the serum hyaluronia acid (HA), procollagen type Ⅲ(PCⅢ), pro-collagen type Ⅳ(CⅣ) and laminin(LN) levels.Finally the serum ALT and γ-GT levels were measured with totally automatic enzymat-ic method. Results Pygo2 expression in NAFL group [52.1(12.3)μg/L] and NASH group[78.3(50.0)μg/L] increased signifi-cantly compared with simple obesity group [43.2(18.7)μg/L](P<0.05).Pygo2 expression in NASH group increased significantly compared with control group [41.7(16.8)μg/L] and NAFL group (P<0.001).The serum hepatic fribrosis and inflammation markers ( HA, PC, ALT, C III and IV gamma-GT) levels gradually increased in the obese children .There were statistically positive correla-tions between serum Pygo2 and HA, PCⅢ, CⅣ, ALT or γ-GT (P<0.001).In particular, more significant positive correlations were found between serum Pygo2 and HA, CⅣor γ-GT (r=0.708, P<0.001;r=0.589, P<0.001;r=0.674, P<0.05). Conclusion The degree of liver fibrosis worsens with the increase of Pygo 2 expression and Pygo 2 is in remarkable correlation with conventional he-patic fibrosis serum makers ( HA, C IV) orγ-GT, which shows Pygo 2 expression can be taken as the clinical evaluation index of liver fibrosis in children with NAFLD .

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and the resistance rate of Shigella in Anhui Province to guide the choice of antibacterials. METHODS Ninety one strains of Shigella were cultured in Sep 2005.The groups were identified by biochemical and serologic tests.Susceptibility of 91 strains of Shigella in Anhui to various antibiotics was tested using standardized custom dilution MIC panels according to CLSI(2005) guidelines. RESULTS There were 57 strains of Shigella flexneri,31 strains of S.sonnei and 2 strains ofS.boydii among 91 strains of Shigella.The resistance rates of Shigella to cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam were remarkably lower than to other third generation cephalosporins.The susceptible rates to carbopenems were 100%.The resistance rates to ciprofloxacin lactate and pazufloxacin mesilate were 27.47% and 32.97%,respectively. CONCLUSIONS There is a certain resistance rate of the Shigella to fluoroquinolones and the third generation cephalosporins.More attention should be paid to the surveillance and control of such resistance.