MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small,non-coding,single-stand RNA molecules which are composed of 21-25 ribonucleotides.They regulate gene expression at post-transcription and participate in many important biological processes including cell growth,apoptosis,viral infection and cancer development.At present,the studies on miRNAs in cervical lesion include miRNAs expression characteristic of cervical cancer and precancerous lesion,the association with HPV infection and prognosis of cervical lesion,cervical cancer development,diagnosis and therapy.

Objective To observe the clinical feasibility of the acceptable noise level (ANL) test ,analyze the effect of different test instructions to the result of Mandarin acceptable noise level test .Methods Twelve young peo-ple (24 ears) with normal pure-tone test and acoustic immittance test (threshold≤15 dB HL) were included in this study .They were randomly divided into two groups with 12 ears in each group .Group A received the same test in-struction firstly and then received different instructions depended on the different translation of English instruction by tester .Group B received the reverse test order .The acceptable noise level(ANL) ,most comfortable level(MCL) and back groud noise level(BNL) were analyzed .Results The average value of ANL was 7 .5 ± 6 .61 and 8 .29 ± 6 .54 dB SPL ;the average value of most comfortable level (MCL) was 83 .58 ± 8 .57 and 85 .41 ± 8 .89 dB SPL ;the average value of background noise level (BNL) were 78 .92 ± 10 .56 and 77 .13 ± 7 .91 dB SPL respectivoly .The difference of MCL ,BNL ,ANL in these two groups were not statistically significant (P>0 .05) .Test method 1 re-sulted in great individual differences in ANL ,which it ranged from -6 .4 to 20 .12 dB S/N .While ANL from test method 2 ranged from 2 .50~20 .12 dB S/N .Conclusion Different test instruction do not correlated to the results of acceptable noise level ,testers can translate the English instruction by different ways so that it is convenient to the application and clinical research of ANL test .

Objective: To study the effect of chronic stress on spatial learning and memory and nitric oxide (NO) in hippocampus of the rats Method: Chronic stress model was established by electric-foot accompanied with noise Morris watermaze was used to observe spatial learning and memory abilities, contents of NO and activities of NOS in hippocampus were measured during the test Result: The spatial learning and memory of chronic stress rats were significantly decreased in Morris watermaze Contents of NO (3 87?0 47 nmol/mgpro) and NOS activity (102 64?13 33 pmol/mgpro/min) in hippocampus of the stress rats were significantly higher than that of normal rats (2 76?0 43 nmol/mgpro, 78 25?10 67 pmol/mgpro/min respectively) Conclusion: Chronic stress impairs spatial learning and memory abilities of rats, which may be related to the increase of NO in their hippocampus

Objective: To improve the micro-manipulation of mouse fertilized eggs,promoting its survival rate and productivity in pseudo-pregnant mice. Methods: DNA fragments of definite concentration and size were used for micro-manipulation with conventional and improved methods, then their survival rate of manupulated eggs and productivity of pseudo-pregnant mice were analyzed and compared. Results: With improved methods, the survival rate of eggs increased from 60.3% to 79.5%, the productivity of pseudo-pregnant mice and offspring increased from 35.7% to 56.8% and 10.1% to 14.1% respectively. Conclusion: The improved methods of micro-manipulation can be used in transgenic mouse production.

Tooth extraction is a common operation in oral surgery. Traditional-extraction instruments, such as bone chisel, elevator, and bone hammer, lead to not only severe trauma but also unnecessary complications, and patients easily become nervous and apprehensive if tooth extraction is performed using these violent instruments. In recent years, with the develop- ment of minimally invasive concept and technology, various micro-power instruments have been used for tooth extraction. This innovative technology can reduce the iatrogenic trauma and complications of tooth extraction. Additionally, this technology can greatly decrease the patient's physical and mental pressure. The new equipment compensates for the deficiency of traditional tooth extraction equipment and facilitates the gradual replacement of the latter. Diverse micro-power systems have distinct strengths and weaknesses, so some auxiliary instruments are still needed during tooth extraction. This paper focuses on the various micro-power systems for tooth extraction and tries to compare the advantages and disadvantages of these systems. Selection and usage of auxiliary equipment are also introduced. Thus, this paper provides reference for the proper application of the micro-power systems in tooth extraction.
Humans ; Tooth Extraction ; instrumentation

Objective To study the genes of a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain isolated from a patient. Methods The antibiotic sensitivity test of a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain was done according to K-B and MIC method. Metallo-β-lactamase was detected by Modified Hodge Test and EDTA-disk synergy test. Both nine genes encoding β-lactamases, including blaKPC, blaIMP , blaVIM , blaSME , blaCTX-M , blaSHV, blaDHA , blaACT, Class Ⅰ integrase and Class Ⅰ integron were detected by PCR. Positive products were sequenced. Results The Klebsiella pneumoniae was resistant to carbapenems, cephalosporins, cefoxitin, ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Only susceptible to aztreonam, gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. The blaIMP-1 and Class Ⅰ integron were positive. The blaIMP gene was identified by PCR and DNA sequencing confirmed that the gene belong to IMP-1 type Metallo-β-lactamase gene. The strain also carried Class Ⅰ integron and IMP-1 was located in Class Ⅰ integron 5'. Conclusions It is the first detection of IMP-1 Metallo-β-lactamase in Klebsiella pneumoniae. The production of IMP-1 carbapenemase is the main mechanism of carbapenem-resistant in Klebsiella pneumoniae, and multidrug resistance is related to ClassⅠ integron.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of cognition disturbance after cerebral infarction is about 20% -30% and effective drugs for its prevention and treatment are anticipated.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of nicergoline on cognition disturbance after cerebral infarction and explore its mechanism.DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial based on patients.SETTING: Neurological department in a medical university.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 60 patients admitted to the Neurological Department of the Second Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University for cerebral infarction during October 1999 and April 2001 were recruited in this study, and randomly divided into two groups, nicergoline treatment group and control group with 30 in each.METHODS: Mini-mental state examination(MMSE) score was evaluated and cerebral blood flow was determined with transcranial Doppler' s ultrasonography within one week after admission and three months after admission, respectively, and data were analyzed with SPSS software.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: MMSE score and velocity of blood flow in treatment and control groups.RESULTS: MMSE score in memory, calculation and recollection decreased significantly[ (1.2 ± 1.3), (2. 2 ± 2. 1) and(1.0 ± 1.7), respectively] in control group but did not change much[ (3.9 ± 1.4), (4. 4 ± 1.9) and(4.0 ± 1.6) ]in treatment group. The velocity of blood flow in control group decreased apparently, while it increased in treatment group[(58.31 ±10. 15) and(65.79 ±9.74) cm/s in the right middle cerebral artery].CONCLUSION: Nicergoline can prevent and treat vascular cognition disturbance, and improvement of blood supply may be one of the mechanisms.

The detection of autoimmune liver disease (AILD) relevant autoantibodies is of important value in the diagnosis and treatment of AILD and especially in autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis.With the increasing of patients clinically diagnosed AILD,the detection of AILD relevant autoantibodies is gradually clinically concerned and appreciated.As the detection of AILD relevant autoantibodies affected by various factors,there are still many problems in the detection and clinical applications of AILD relevant autoantibodies.We should promote the universal clinical application of AILD relevant autoantibodies,emphasis on the quality management and improve the quality of detection constantly,attend to the standard detection and rational application of AILD relevant autoantibodies.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the level of serum brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) and the severity of coronary artery disease in elderly patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods We recruited 498 elderly CHD patients undergoing coronary angiography(CAG) from our hospital.Based on CAG results,patients were divided into two groups:406 patients with lesion of vessel(s)and ≥50％ vessel stenosis as the CHD group,and the other 92 patients with ＜ 50％ vessel stenosis as the negative control group.Their clinical data such as left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and serum BNP was recorded.The patients was further divided into 177 single-,129 double-,100 triple-,and 92 negative vessel disease groups according to the number of vessels with significant stenosis.The patients with CHD were divided into three different age groups:(1) A group:60-69 years old,254 patients ;(2) B group:70-79 years old,112patients;(3)C group:equal or greater than 80 years old,40 patients.Serum levels of BNP were measured before CAG.The relationship between BNP and the severity of coronary disease was analyzed.Results The level of BNP was significantly elevated in the CHD group[(387.5±132.3)ng/L]than the negative control group [(58.6±22.1) ng/L](t =23.83,P ＜ 0.01).The level of BNP was significantly enhanced(F =87.42,P ＜0.01) along with the increasing number of coronary artery Stenosis,with single vessel disease group(202.2±116.6)ng/L,double vessel disease group(487.5±152.3)ng/L and triple vessel disease group(768.7±264.3) ng/L; the level of BNP significantly increased(F =57.33,P ＜ 0.01) along with increasing age,with A group(182.6±93.1)ng/L,B group(352.2±121.2)ng/L and C group(491.2±158.7) ng/L.The level ofLVEF did not change in the procedure(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The levels of BNP were closely associated with the severity of coronary artery disease and were a strong clinical predictor for myocardial ischemia.

ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of empowerment management for nursing risk in blood purification center.Methods16 nurses were chosen and nursing risk were authorized to six management groups,each group was respectively responsible for their share of nursing work.Before the implementation of empowerment management for nursing risk,100 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were chosen,and after the implementation another 100 patients were also selected.The nursing effect was compared before and after the implementation.ResultsAfter the implementation,the score of nursing quality and patients' satisfaction degree were significantly improved.ConclusionsThe effective empowerment management for nursing risk can raise management effect of nurses continuously,and stir up the initiative and creativity of nursing staff,lower nursing risk occurrence.It is an effective management method that promotes nursing quality comprehensively.